Subdivision, Characteristics, and Varieties of the Source-to-Sink Systems of the Modern Lake Erhai Basin, Yunnan Province
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摘要: 现代湖盆源-汇系统分析，可为古代源-汇系统研究提供参考依据.将云南洱海现代湖盆源-汇系统划分为西（S2S-W）、东（S2S-E）、北岸（S2S-N）3个独立的源-汇系统，S2S-E物源区母岩主要为碳酸盐岩，沉积体数量少、规模小（ < 10 km2）；S2S-W物源区母岩主要为变质岩及少量花岗岩、碳酸盐岩，沉积体数量多、规模大（> 40 km2），相互叠置、连片分布；S2S-N为轴向物源型源-汇系统，母岩主要为碎屑岩，沉积物供应充足，形成大型沉积体.研究表明，同一盆地（洼陷）内可存在多个源-汇系统，由于母岩类型、构造活动、古地貌等因素的影响，可造成不同源-汇系统的流域面积、沉积区面积及沉积响应存在差异，在古代源-汇系统研究中需重视不同源-汇系统之间的差异性研究.Abstract: Studies of the modern Source-to-Sink system in Lake Basin can provide a basis for studying their ancient counter parts. In this paper, we analyzed characteristics of modern Source-to-Sink systems in the Lake Erhai basin and identified three subsystems in the western (S2S-W), eastern (S2S-E) and northern (S2S-N) shores of the Lake Erhai basin, respectively. In S2S-E, the bedrocks in source area are primarily carbonate rocks and the number and scale of sedimentary bodies in sink area is small ( < 10 km2); in S2S-W, the bedrocks in source area consist of metamorphic rock sand a few granitic and carbonate rocks, and large scale (> 40 km2) sedimentary bodies in sink area easily developed, feature in gextensive and concatenated distribution; in S2S-N(axial source), bedrocks are composed mainly of clastic rocks and the scale of sedimentary bodies in sink area are large. Studies of modern Source-to-Sink system in Lake basin suggest that there are many Source-to-Sink systems in the same basin (sag) and in which significant distinctions between the watershed area, sedimentary body area and sedimentation response exist because of controlling factors such as bedrock type, tectonic activity, paleomorphology, basin boundaries, and transport channel, among others, which implies that more attention should be paid to the distinguishing characteristics of Source-to-Sink systems in further study of ancient Source-to-Sink systems.
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Key words:
- Lake Erhai basin /
- Source-to-Sink system (S2S) /
- bedrock /
- varieties /
- controlling factors /
- sedimentary /
- petroleum geology
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图 2 洱海现代湖盆西岸(S2S-W)、东岸(S2S-E)和北岸(S2S-N)地层特征
1.第四系砂土、细砂、粘土；2.二叠系茅口组灰岩夹角砾状灰岩；3.石炭系斗项山组白云质灰岩；4.泥盆系莲花曲组白云岩；5.泥盆系青山组灰岩；6.志留系青山组灰岩；7.志留系五福山组白云岩\白云质灰岩；8.志留系阴阳山组陆屑白云岩；9.中元古界苍山群茫涌溪岩组片岩及混合岩；10.中元古界苍山群龙泉峰岩组片岩基混合岩；11.燕山早期斜长花岗岩；12.印支期二长花岗岩
Fig. 2. Strata characteristics of the S2S-W, S2S-E, and S2S-N for the western, eastern, and northern parts of the modern Lake Erhai basin
图 3 洱海现代湖盆西岸(S2S-W)、东岸(S2S-E)和北岸(S2S-N)源-汇系统特征
Fig. 3. Characteristics of the S2S-W, S2S-E, and S2S-N for the western, eastern, and northern parts of the modern Lake Erhai basin
图 5 洱海现代湖盆东、西两岸源-汇系统剖面
剖面位置见图 3
Fig. 5. Sections of S2S-W and S2S-E for the western and eastern parts of the modern Lake Erhai basin
图 7 洱海现代湖盆北岸源-汇系统(S2S-N)特征
Fig. 7. Characteristics of S2S-N for the northern part of the modern Lake Erhai Basin
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