Deformation Characteristics, Tectonic Evolution and Their Control on Deep Petroleum Accumulation of Mazhatage Fault Belt in Tarim Basin
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摘要: 玛扎塔格断裂带的演化过程对塔里木盆地巴楚隆起和麦盖提斜坡油气成藏有着重要的控制作用.根据最新地震资料的精细解释和构造解析，分析了玛扎塔格断裂带的变形结构、样式和变形过程.玛扎塔格断裂带的变形分为上、中、下（深）3层结构，分别形成于不同时期.玛扎塔格断裂带变形的差异性主要体现在中层构造，从东往西控制中层构造发育的逆冲断层及其反冲断层的位移量不断加大，褶皱核部的剥蚀量也向西持续增加.玛扎塔格断裂带深部背斜构造存在发育盐下白云岩原生油气藏的可能，后期的变形没有破坏早期形成的深层背斜构造.玛扎塔格断裂带深部背斜构造的盐下白云岩是油气勘探的有利方向.Abstract: The evolution history of the Mazhatage fault belt is important for understanding the tectonic evolution and petroleum accumulation history of the Bachu uplift and Maigaiti slope in the Tarim basin. Based on detailed interpretation of the latest seismic data, the deformation structure and history of the Mazhatage fault belt are analyzed in this article. It is suggested that deformation of the Mazhatage fault belt could be divided into upper, middle and lower structures, formed at different times. Lateral variation of the Mazhatage mainly is reflected at its middle structure. The displacement of the thrust fault and its back thrusts that control the middle structure increased from east to west, led to the denudation at the core of fold also increased westwardly. The later deformation did not break the deep anticlinal trap. Thus, the Cambrian dolomite under the salt layer of deep anticline is a beneficial direction for oil-gas exploration in the Mazhatage fault area.
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Key words:
- Mazhatage fault belt /
- deformation characteristics /
- deep structure /
- petroleum reservoirs /
- Tarim basin
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图 1 巴楚隆起及其邻区断裂分布
Fig. 1. Distribution of the faults in the Bachu uplift and its periphery
图 3 玛扎塔格断裂带代表性地震剖面A-A′和剖面C-C′解释方案
左为未解释剖面，右为解释剖面，剖面位置见图 1
Fig. 3. Uninterpreted and interpreted seismic line A-A′ and C-C′ of Mazhatage fault belt
图 4 玛扎塔格断裂带现今形态与拟三维构造图以及研究区下寒武统顶面等T0图(单位：ms)
Fig. 4. Present Mazhatage fault belt and its 3D structure Model and T0 figure (ms) of Lower Cambriantop surface in the study area
图 5 剖面A-A′正反演模式
左为反演，右为正演
Fig. 5. The results of the structural inverse modeling and the structural forward modeling of the line A-A′
图 6 剖面C-C′正反演模式
左为反演，右为正演
Fig. 6. The results of the structural inverse modeling and the structural forward modeling of the line C-C′
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