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    渝东地区寒武系第四阶龙王庙组古环境演化的稳定同位素与主、微量元素证据

    任影 钟大康 柳慧琳 梁婷 孙海涛 高崇龙 郑晓薇

    任影, 钟大康, 柳慧琳, 梁婷, 孙海涛, 高崇龙, 郑晓薇, 2018. 渝东地区寒武系第四阶龙王庙组古环境演化的稳定同位素与主、微量元素证据. 地球科学, 43(11): 4066-4095. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.590
    引用本文: 任影, 钟大康, 柳慧琳, 梁婷, 孙海涛, 高崇龙, 郑晓薇, 2018. 渝东地区寒武系第四阶龙王庙组古环境演化的稳定同位素与主、微量元素证据. 地球科学, 43(11): 4066-4095. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.590
    Ren Ying, Zhong Dakang, Liu Huilin, Liang Ting, Sun Haitao, Gao Chonglong, Zheng Xiaowei, 2018. Isotopic and Elemental Evidence for Paleoenvironmental Evolution of Cambrian Stage 4 Longwangmiao Formation, East Chongqing, China. Earth Science, 43(11): 4066-4095. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.590
    Citation: Ren Ying, Zhong Dakang, Liu Huilin, Liang Ting, Sun Haitao, Gao Chonglong, Zheng Xiaowei, 2018. Isotopic and Elemental Evidence for Paleoenvironmental Evolution of Cambrian Stage 4 Longwangmiao Formation, East Chongqing, China. Earth Science, 43(11): 4066-4095. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.590

    渝东地区寒武系第四阶龙王庙组古环境演化的稳定同位素与主、微量元素证据

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.590
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金项目"白音查干凹陷下白垩统腾格尔组白云岩成因机理研究" 41072104

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      任影(1989-), 女, 讲师, 主要从事沉积学与储层地质学研究

      通讯作者:

      钟大康(1961-)

    • 中图分类号: P595

    Isotopic and Elemental Evidence for Paleoenvironmental Evolution of Cambrian Stage 4 Longwangmiao Formation, East Chongqing, China

    • 摘要: 寒武系第四阶是生命演化史上重要的时间节点.渝东地区寒武系第四阶龙王庙组以碳酸盐岩为主要岩石类型,地层中、下部混积岩发育,生物化石发育程度低.∑(CaO+MgO+LOI)含量分布范围广(74.64%~99.18%),Na2O、K2O、Fe2O3与MnO含量较高(平均值分别为0.20%、0.27%、0.27%和0.014%),∑(SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3+P2O5+TiO2)在地层中下部具较高含量(最大值24.00%);Sr元素含量较低(135×10-6~407×10-6),∑REE+Y在地层中部含量较高,∑LREE/∑HREE分布在2~4,具显著正铈异常(δCe=5.6~6.2),配分曲线为平缓右倾模式.全岩与方解石的δ13C值分别为-1.5‰~1.1‰ VPDB、-3.4‰ ~+0.5‰ VPDB,δ18O值分别为-9.7‰ ~-3.5‰ VPDB、-9.8‰~-5.0‰ VPDB;垂向上,两者的δ13C值在地层中下部均以负值为主,中上部多为正值.依据δ13C、δ18O、MgO/CaO(0.03%~0.12%)、100×MgO/Al2O3(93.1~4 715.4)、B(278.7~1 494.2)、Sr/Ba(4.05~58.25)、1 000×Sr/Ca(5.41~14.43)、V/(V+Ni)(0.61~0.78)及U/Th(0.21~1.45)等与沉积环境的关系,推断龙王庙期水体温度在17~25℃,属半咸水-咸水环境;水体深度在早-中期波动频繁;以贫氧-缺氧环境为主,在早-中期、末期为阶段性富氧环境.整体上龙王庙组沉积早-中期受河流注入影响较为明显、陆源碎屑供给充足,具海陆过渡环境特征,沉积中后期为稳定的海相环境.咸水、缺氧的条件及海平面波动频繁并伴有大量陆源碎屑注入所产生的环境压力,是引发渝东地区寒武系第四阶生物消亡的主要环境因素.

       

    • 图  1  寒武纪重要的地质、生物与地球化学事件

      图央阶,伴随着三叶虫(RedlichiidOlenellid trilobites)的大量消亡,碳酸盐岩的δ13C值出现大幅负漂移.海平面变化曲线来源于Haq and Schutter (2008);生物多样性的种属数量来源于Ishikawa et al.(2014);主要的生物数量减少事件与相关的碳酸盐岩δ13C曲线来源于Zhu et al.(2006)

      Fig.  1.  Geological, biological and geochemical events during the Cambrian

      图  2  渝东地区位置、构造及龙王庙组地层、岩相古地理

      Fig.  2.  The location and structure of East Chongqing as well as the formation and lithofacies paleogeograohy of Longwangmiao Formation

      图  3  渝东地区龙王庙组野外露头与显微镜下照片

      岩性图例见图 2

      Fig.  3.  Field photos and thin section photomicrographs of Longwangmiao Formation at East Chongqing

      图  4  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩样品白云石、方解石、碎屑矿物百分含量

      岩性图例见图 2

      Fig.  4.  The dolomite, calcite and detrital mineral percentages of carbonates in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      图  5  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩的δ13C-δ18O交互图

      空心圆表示受成岩改造强烈的无效样品

      Fig.  5.  Crossplot of δ13C-δ18O of carbonates in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      图  6  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩δ13C值、δ18O值、Mn/Sr及MgO/CaO比值

      空心圆为依据相应判别标准确定的无效样品.岩性图例见图 2

      Fig.  6.  δ13C values, δ18O values, Mn/Sr molar ratios and MgO/CaO of carbonate in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      图  7  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩的CaO-MgO、SiO2-CaO、Al2O3-CaO、SiO2-Al2O3、Mg/Ca-Na2O、Sr-Na2O、Na2O-SiO2、SiO2-Fe2O3、MnO-Fe2O3和CaO-Fe2O3交互图

      Fig.  7.  Crossplot of CaO-MgO, SiO2-CaO, Al2O3-CaO, SiO2-Al2O3, Mg/Ca-Na2O, Sr-Na2O, Na2O-SiO2, SiO2-Fe2O3, MnO-Fe2O3, CaO-Fe2O3of carbonates in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      图  8  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩的Sr-CaO、Sr-SiO2、SiO2-Fe2O3、Sr-δ18O和SiO2-∑REE+Y交互图

      Fig.  8.  Crossplot of Sr-CaO, Sr-SiO2, SiO2-Fe2O3, Sr-δ18O and SiO2-∑REE+Y of carbonates in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      图  9  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩的稀土元素(∑REE+Y)配分模式

      Fig.  9.  ∑REE+Y patterns of carbonates in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      图  10  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩全岩及方解石、白云石组分的δ13C-δ18O交互图

      寒武纪海水与灰岩的δ13C与δ18O数据来源于Veizer et al.(1999)Montañez et al.(2000).全岩分析结果用圆形表示,方解石测试结果用三角形表示,白云石测试结果用四边形表示

      Fig.  10.  Crossplot of δ13C-δ18O of whole carbonates, calcites and dolomites in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      图  11  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组部分同位素、元素计算结果及古环境特征

      岩性图例同见图 2

      Fig.  11.  Calculated results of isotopes and elements and palaeoenvironmental characteristics Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      图  12  渝东地区寒武系87Sr/ 86Sr比值变化

      数据来自黄思静等(2002)

      Fig.  12.  87Sr/ 86Sr value variations for the Cambrian, East Chongqing

      图  13  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩的V-总碎屑矿物、Ni-总碎屑矿物、U-总碎屑矿物、Th-总碎屑矿物、V/(V+Ni)-总碎屑矿物、U/Th-总碎屑矿物、V/(V+Ni)-∑(SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3+ P2O5+TiO2)和U/Th-∑(SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3+P2O5+TiO2)交互图

      Fig.  13.  Crossplots of V-∑detrital minerals, Ni-∑detrital minerals, U-∑detrital minerals, Th-∑detrital minerals, V/(V+Ni)-∑detrital minerals, U/Th-∑detrital minerals, V/(V+Ni)-∑(SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3+ P2O5+TiO2) and U/Th-∑(SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3+ P2O5+TiO2) of carbonates in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      表  1  渝东地区板凳沟剖面龙王庙组矿物组成、主量元素含量、碳氧同位素组成及部分计算结果

      Table  1.   Mineral compositions, carbon and oxygen contents, major elements concentrations and calculated results of Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section, east Chongqing

      样品 岩性 主量元素(%) Σ(CaO+
      MgO+LOI)
      (%)
      Σ(SiO2+Al2O3+
      Fe2O3+TiO2+
      P2O5)(%)
      MgO/CaO
      (%/%)
      Mn/Sr
      (mol/mol)
      稳定同位素(‰) 矿物组分(%)
      SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 MgO CaO Na2O K2O MnO TiO2 P2O5 LOI 总量 δ13C δ18O 方解石 白云石 硬石膏 石英 斜长石 正长石 菱铁矿 黏土
      L1 灰岩 6.34 0.51 0.17 1.27 51.04 0.073 0.115 0.008 0.026 0.010 40.59 100.1005 92.90 7.06 0.02 0.43 0.0 -10.3 1.6 87.8 0 10.5 0 0 0 0
      L2 白云岩 4.66 1.76 0.88 17.16 32.34 0.106 0.416 0.030 0.068 0.037 43.00 100.46 92.50 7.41 0.53 2.28 0.1 -6.9 79.5 16.2 0 2.1 0.7 0 0 1.5
      L3 白云岩 30.40 10.82 4.39 10.74 15.5 0.392 3.50 0.110 0.42 0.076 24.25 100.60 50.49 46.11 0.69 13.98 0.8 -4.8 54.1 1.2 0 13.6 1.0 2.3 0 27.8
      L4 灰岩 5.31 0.51 0.53 1.21 50.73 0.027 0.239 0.007 0.024 0.011 40.93 99.53 92.87 6.39 0.02 0.29 -2.4 -11.7 0 100.0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      L5 白云岩 10.99 2.05 0.90 19.17 26.21 0.059 0.586 0.017 0.09 0.024 39.85 99.95 85.23 14.05 0.73 2.03 -1.5 -5.3 85.6 2.6 0 10.1 0 0 0 1.7
      L6 灰岩 0.79 0.30 0.57 8.57 44.91 0.027 0.099 0.011 0.013 0.005 44.00 99.30 97.48 1.68 0.19 1.38 0.6 -7.7 47.3 51.2 0 1.5 0 0 0 0
      L7 灰岩 4.11 1.07 0.41 4.54 46.72 0.192 0.528 0.008 0.034 0.016 41.87 99.50 93.13 5.64 0.10 0.27 -1.2 -9.3 18.8 71.3 0 3.0 1.7 5.2 0 0
      L8 灰岩 7.75 2.26 0.87 18.08 29.07 0.868 0.427 0.019 0.142 0.037 41.24 100.76 88.39 11.06 0.62 2.69 -0.9 -8.1 0 66.8 0 33.2 0 0 0 0
      L9 白云岩 8.23 1.28 1.31 18.25 27.9 0.222 0.591 0.016 0.069 0.023 41.48 99.37 87.63 10.91 0.65 2.20 -0.5 -8.3 88.0 1.7 0 5.1 1.8 2.3 1.1 0
      L10 白云岩 4.24 0.76 0.69 19.39 29.49 0.049 0.558 0.022 0.04 0.019 44.32 99.58 93.20 5.75 0.66 2.60 -1.3 -6.1 94.6 1.5 0 1.8 2.1 0 0 0
      L11 灰岩 1.32 0.52 0.46 5.63 48.48 0.049 0.325 0.017 0.025 0.014 43.39 100.23 97.50 2.34 0.12 1.25 -1.5 -7.6 22.5 75.5 0 0 2.1 0 0 0
      L12 白云岩 26.10 4.57 1.63 10.92 23.86 0.867 1.58 0.025 0.175 0.058 30.73 100.59 65.51 32.60 0.46 4.48 -1.7 -5.9 52.5 18.5 0 20.0 1.8 0 0 7.2
      L13 白云岩 18.75 4.14 1.39 14.63 25.13 0.308 0.865 0.021 0.209 0.069 34.43 99.94 74.19 24.56 0.58 4.11 -1.1 -3.1 75.3 1.3 0 12.5 1.8 3.7 0 5.4
      L14 灰岩 3.40 0.74 0.24 0.53 52.2 0.282 0.157 0.014 0.036 0.011 41.79 99.40 94.52 4.43 0.01 0.67 -1.2 -13.4 0 91.0 0 0.3 8.8 0 0 0
      L15 灰岩 1.89 0.33 0.14 0.49 54.56 0.193 0.02 0.015 0.015 0.020 42.82 100.49 97.87 2.40 0.01 0.59 -1.5 -13.4 0 85.6 0 1.5 12.8 0 0 0
      L16 灰岩 8.14 1.59 0.41 2.58 46.23 0.849 0.108 0.018 0.055 0.040 39.30 99.32 88.11 10.24 0.06 0.86 -0.4 -9.3 12.1 55.2 0 6.1 26.7 0 0 0
      L17 灰岩 6.52 1.45 0.38 1.35 48.78 0.723 0.109 0.019 0.063 0.035 40.02 99.45 90.15 8.45 0.03 0.85 0.1 -3.5 6.3 80.5 0 7.3 5.9 0 0 0
      L18 灰岩 8.63 1.57 0.44 1.56 47.25 0.758 0.123 0.017 0.078 0.033 38.88 99.34 87.69 10.75 0.03 0.70 -0.2 -9.0 5.4 74.1 0 10.4 0 0 0 0
      L19 灰岩. 4.11 1.03 0.42 1.97 49.85 0.469 0.115 0.015 0.035 0.012 41.48 99.51 93.30 5.61 0.04 0.46 0.0 -11.8 9.6 76.8 0 3.7 9.9 0 0 0
      L20 混积岩 11.42 2.34 0.53 2.65 43.68 0.827 0.403 0.012 0.103 0.034 37.58 99.58 83.91 14.43 0.06 0.37 -0.6 -9.5 9.6 46.5 0 13.8 0 21.9 0 8.1
      L21 混积岩 16.08 4.14 1.50 11.80 28.15 1.600 0.736 0.025 0.175 0.057 35.41 99.67 75.36 21.95 0.42 2.17 0.2 -7.4 41.2 19.1 1 8.2 0 20.5 0 10.0
      L22 混积岩 11.26 2.66 0.98 7.45 37.34 1.070 0.366 0.019 0.124 0.032 38.11 99.41 82.90 15.06 0.20 0.59 0.4 -8.2 37.7 40.4 0.7 7.6 13.6 0 0 0
      L23 混积岩 10.74 2.24 0.86 6.41 39.66 1.080 0.184 0.020 0.105 0.036 38.22 99.56 84.29 13.98 0.16 0.63 0.5 -10.5 26.5 40.4 0.6 0 0 21.1 0 5.2
      L24 混积岩 13.13 2.76 1.18 9.31 34.46 1.320 0.232 0.026 0.155 0.040 37.07 99.68 80.84 17.27 0.27 1.57 0.6 -8.7 39.6 28.2 0.5 8.1 23.5 0 0 0
      L25 混积岩 11.46 2.29 0.83 7.08 39.94 1.200 0.152 0.021 0.097 0.034 37.68 100.78 84.70 14.71 0.18 1.06 0.1 -7.9 26.2 34.6 0 9.3 0 26.2 0 5.7
      L26 白云岩 9.75 1.79 1.50 17.53 26.91 0.943 0.109 0.037 0.087 0.027 40.98 99.66 85.42 13.15 0.65 4.50 0.2 -9.7 80.8 0.5 0 5.7 13 0 0 0
      L27 白云岩 16.05 3.46 1.21 16.36 24.35 1.410 0.264 0.025 0.169 0.054 37.01 100.36 77.72 20.94 0.67 4.11 -0.1 -4.8 64.1 0 0.4 7.4 24.8 0 0 3.3
      L28 混积岩 24.28 4.76 0.91 12.72 22.76 1.770 0.724 0.020 0.236 0.097 32.14 100.42 67.62 30.28 0.56 3.67 0.1 -3.3 48.1 1.9 1 12 0 34.7 0 2.4
      L29 混积岩 27.85 3.76 1.05 6.73 29.21 0.862 0.44 0.020 0.257 0.119 30.43 100.73 66.37 33.04 0.23 5.14 -3.2 -6.4 35.3 32.5 0 29.6 0 2.7 0 0
      L30 白云岩 19.73 6.31 2.14 17.3 20.31 0.177 1.59 0.030 0.338 0.066 32.25 100.24 69.86 28.58 0.85 3.85 -9.1 -7.2 63.9 0 0 12.5 1.4 1.1 0 21
      L31 灰岩 20.09 2.43 0.89 2.82 38.88 0.042 0.528 0.017 0.169 0.101 33.28 99.25 74.98 23.68 0.07 13.09 -7.5 -5.0 3.5 74.3 0 19.1 0 0 0 3.2
      L32 白云岩 18.36 4.46 1.27 18.57 22.58 0.053 0.885 0.028 0.233 0.073 34.19 100.70 75.34 24.40 0.82 4.33 -1.6 -6.2 70.6 4.2 0 14 1.3 0 0 9.8
      L33 白云岩 26.45 4.00 1.65 15.09 19.35 0.345 1.29 0.027 0.208 0.086 30.81 99.31 65.25 32.39 0.78 3.82 -1.4 -6.1 68.2 0 0 23.9 3.4 1.3 0 3.3
      L34 白云岩 16.72 4.37 1.62 16.97 22.64 0.121 1.27 0.027 0.209 0.064 35.31 99.32 74.92 22.98 0.75 3.45 -1.2 -4.9 71.2 1.2 0 11.1 0.9 0 0 15.6
      L35 白云岩 15.09 3.76 1.35 18.2 23.3 0.110 0.958 0.027 0.164 0.045 36.83 99.83 78.33 20.41 0.78 3.19 -1.2 -6.2 81.8 0 0 12.8 1.1 0 0 4.4
      L36 灰岩 6.54 1.29 0.81 1.52 48.86 0.140 0.357 0.043 0.046 0.023 39.81 99.44 90.19 8.71 0.03 3.05 -1.3 -10.5 5.3 82.7 0 10.9 0 1.1 0 0
      L37 白云岩 10.33 2.97 2.64 17.01 25.45 0.073 1.18 0.054 0.166 0.063 39.33 99.27 81.79 16.17 0.67 6.78 -2.5 -11.4 83.7 0 0 7.2 1 0 0 8.1
      L38 白云岩 4.29 1.00 2.82 14.14 34.08 0.220 0.283 0.098 0.05 0.024 42.21 99.22 90.43 8.18 0.41 11.35 -0.3 -7.9 75.6 14.7 0 5.5 0 3.1 1.1 0
      L39 混积岩 39.66 6.63 1.41 2.44 24.08 0.412 3.594 0.024 0.397 0.178 20.62 99.45 47.14 48.28 0.10 3.25 -2.1 -10.4 6.1 35.1 0 21.5 20.5 5 0 11.7
      L40 碎屑岩 59.94 7.63 2.00 2.24 12.45 0.181 3.522 0.022 0.524 0.288 11.49 100.29 26.18 70.38 0.18 4.07 -4.3 -8.5 0 21.8 0 53.4 5.7 0 0 19
      L41 灰岩 1.38 0.53 0.36 5.09 48.17 0.058 0.154 0.013 0.022 0.008 43.67 99.46 96.93 2.30 0.11 0.78 0.6 -10.7 28.6 70.4 0 1 0 0 0 0
      L42 碎屑岩 54.30 12.68 4.50 4.15 8.8 0.202 4.51 0.023 0.771 0.162 10.34 100.42 23.27 72.41 0.47 7.16 -1.7 -7.9 0 12 0 53 6 1.2 0 27.8
      L43 灰岩 18.43 3.67 1.62 3.99 37.23 0.415 1.43 0.035 0.211 0.075 33.42 100.53 74.64 24.01 0.11 1.76 -0.7 -9.7 0 95.8 0 0 0 0 0 4.2
      L44 灰岩 12.69 3.49 1.26 3.33 41.2 0.193 1.23 0.031 0.18 0.046 35.75 99.40 80.28 17.67 0.08 1.24 -0.5 -12.7 9.7 59 0 13.8 3.3 5.6 0 8.6
      L45 灰岩 15.75 4.23 1.56 5.16 36.54 0.312 1.46 0.031 0.212 0.044 34.22 99.52 75.92 21.80 0.14 1.48 -0.2 -9.3 21.7 51 0 9.8 2.8 4.1 0 10.6
      L46 灰岩 6.30 1.81 0.86 2.50 47.38 0.165 0.681 0.023 0.091 0.023 39.43 99.26 89.31 9.08 0.05 0.77 0.1 -9.0 11.2 73.9 0 6.3 3.8 1.7 0 3.1
      L47 灰岩 13.41 3.02 0.87 2.12 43.05 0.106 1.33 0.022 0.152 0.041 35.52 99.64 80.69 17.49 0.05 0.70 -0.4 -11.5 6.7 69.1 0 17.8 2.5 0 0 4
      L48 碎屑岩 47.54 11.36 2.28 2.65 15.13 0.314 4.96 0.019 0.586 0.109 14.53 99.48 32.31 61.88 0.18 2.77 -1.7 -12.2 2.9 18.1 0 25.8 13.4 2.6 0 37.2
      L49 白云岩 5.30 1.66 1.28 12.24 35.82 0.354 0.538 0.032 0.053 0.024 42.16 99.46 90.22 8.32 0.34 2.42 0.8 -7.4 68.9 24.8 0 2.2 0 4 0 0
      L50 灰岩 4.53 1.12 0.36 1.28 50.55 0.121 0.453 0.015 0.05 0.019 40.93 99.43 92.76 6.08 0.03 0.50 -0.5 -11.7 6.4 87.4 0 2.6 2 1.7 0 0
      L51 灰岩 2.69 0.85 0.35 1.27 52.95 0.146 0.253 0.014 0.033 0.016 42.09 100.66 96.31 3.94 0.02 0.59 -0.1 -11.7 5.1 92.8 0 0.7 0 1.4 0 0
      L52 灰岩 1.80 0.54 0.40 3.7 49.56 0.070 0.165 0.014 0.018 0.009 42.99 99.27 96.25 2.77 0.07 0.73 0.6 -7.6 0 89.1 0 0 0 0 10.9 0
      L53 灰岩 0.88 0.43 0.30 4.37 49.64 0.080 0.088 0.013 0.013 0.006 43.5 99.32 97.51 1.63 0.09 0.64 0.3 -7.9 22.4 77.4 0 0.2 0 0 0 0
      L54 灰岩 0.73 0.73 0.38 0.59 54.25 0.021 0.054 0.006 0.022 0.102 42.75 99.64 97.59 1.96 0.01 2.57 -1.9 -8.4 0 99.7 0 0.3 0 0 0 0
      L55 白云岩. 0.75 0.41 0.40 10.56 42.62 0.032 0.126 0.016 0.017 0.006 44.55 99.49 97.73 1.58 0.25 1.26 0.5 -11.9 56.9 42.4 0 0.7 0 0 0 0
      L56 灰岩 2.81 1.06 0.49 7.67 44.31 0.032 0.383 0.013 0.029 0.016 42.48 99.29 94.46 4.41 0.17 0.83 0.6 -11.2 40.9 54.2 0 4.9 0 0 0 0
      L57 灰岩 1.67 0.55 0.65 2.80 51.63 0.029 0.175 0.014 0.02 0.009 42.44 99.99 96.87 2.90 0.05 0.69 0.5 -8.7 9 90.5 0 0.5 0 0 0 0
      L58 灰岩 0.87 0.33 0.61 4.71 49.45 0.034 0.091 0.017 0.01 0.006 43.28 99.41 97.44 1.83 0.10 1.17 0.4 -10.4 26.7 71.2 0 2.1 0 0 0 0
      L59 灰岩 2.04 0.47 0.34 2.63 52.01 0.030 0.156 0.020 0.015 0.013 42.45 100.17 97.09 2.88 0.05 1.14 0.2 -9.2 16.1 79.8 0 4.1 0 0 0 0
      L60 灰岩 1.51 0.58 0.59 8.48 44.53 0.036 0.189 0.024 0.019 0.009 43.56 99.53 96.57 2.71 0.19 2.02 0.4 -2.0 43.8 52.7 0 3.5 0 0 0 0
      L61 灰岩 0.51 0.31 0.29 6.98 47.26 0.036 0.098 0.011 0.012 0.005 43.87 99.38 98.11 1.13 0.15 0.95 0.0 -9.0 34.1 65.1 0 0.8 0 0 0 0
      L62 灰岩. 1.09 0.47 0.34 5.45 48.32 0.033 0.117 0.014 0.014 0.007 43.63 99.49 97.4 1.92 0.11 0.95 0.3 -11.3 37.3 61.7 0 1 0 0 0 0
      L63 灰岩 1.10 0.35 0.27 4.02 50.68 0.029 0.09 0.012 0.011 0.005 43.39 99.96 98.09 1.74 0.08 0.95 -0.1 -9.0 21.4 70.7 0 7.9 0 0 0 0
      L64 灰岩 0.76 0.35 0.29 6.82 48.39 0.027 0.114 0.012 0.015 0.004 43.76 100.54 98.97 1.42 0.14 1.17 0.3 -12.0 46.2 52.9 0 0.9 0 0 0 0
      L65 灰岩 2.30 0.46 0.17 2.17 51.63 0.025 0.171 0.007 0.019 0.008 42.44 99.40 96.24 2.96 0.04 0.50 0.7 -8.3 8.5 89.8 0 1.7 0 0 0 0
      L66 灰岩 0.33 0.13 0.31 6.13 49.15 0.019 0.035 0.012 0.006 0.003 43.9 100.03 99.18 0.78 0.12 0.89 0.7 -8.3 31.8 67.9 0 0.3 0 0 0 0
      L67 白云岩. 2.16 0.51 0.36 10.73 42.13 0.025 0.185 0.013 0.02 0.009 43.61 99.75 96.47 3.06 0.25 1.67 1.9 -6.8 60.9 35.4 0 3.7 0 0 0 0
      L68 灰岩 2.04 0.43 0.17 0.48 54.98 0.019 0.146 0.008 0.017 0.008 42.13 100.43 97.59 2.67 0.01 0.60 0.9 -9.0 0 94.6 0 5.4 0 0 0 0
      L69 白云岩. 28.01 1.88 0.53 13.49 22.2 0.083 1.21 0.019 0.039 0.034 32.14 99.64 67.83 30.49 0.61 3.99 2.0 -6.7 69.7 3.8 0 22.2 4.3 0 0 0
      L70 灰岩 5.52 0.23 0.13 4.55 47.52 0.021 0.061 0.011 0.009 0.005 42.68 100.74 94.75 5.89 0.10 0.90 0.0 -8.7 25.3 74.7 0 0 0 0 0 0
      L71 灰岩 1.71 0.26 0.35 8.11 45.37 0.031 0.078 0.016 0.009 0.005 43.59 99.53 97.07 2.33 0.18 1.47 0.5 -8.6 0 98.1 0 1.9 0 0 0 0
      L72 白云岩 5.71 0.66 0.68 11.74 38.54 0.037 0.24 0.023 0.019 0.011 42.3 99.96 92.58 7.08 0.30 2.23 1.1 -7.4 61.6 33.8 0 4.6 0 0 0 0
      L73 灰岩 1.86 0.40 0.28 2.16 51.79 0.022 0.14 0.015 0.013 0.005 42.61 99.30 96.56 2.56 0.04 0.79 0.2 -8.4 20.9 77.9 0 1.2 0 0 0 0
      L74 白云岩 1.34 0.37 0.42 13.70 38.74 0.053 0.072 0.019 0.01 0.009 45.06 99.79 97.5 2.15 0.35 1.61 0.5 -2.2 64.1 35.6 0 0.3 0 0 0 0
      L75 白云岩 4.67 0.55 0.45 19.76 29.56 0.032 0.182 0.014 0.017 0.010 44.10 99.35 93.42 5.70 0.67 1.87 0.7 -5.2 94.3 1.5 0 4.1 0 0.2 0 0
      L76 白云岩 0.48 0.25 1.66 19.21 31.84 0.048 0.094 0.058 0.011 0.004 46.03 99.69 97.08 2.41 0.60 6.78 -3.5 -7.5 95.1 4.2 0 0 0.7 0 0 0
      L77 白云岩 20.5 3.46 1.25 7.19 32.25 0.724 0.533 0.029 0.071 0.039 33.77 99.82 73.21 25.32 0.22 2.70 0.0 -8.7 35 30.1 0 11.7 3.5 12.6 0 7.2
      L78 灰岩 1.62 0.22 0.51 4.54 49.34 0.030 0.074 0.015 0.008 0.003 43.21 99.57 97.09 2.36 0.09 1.38 0.5 -8.5 30.7 68.7 0 0.5 0 0 0 0
      L79 灰岩 0.35 0.27 0.64 6.84 47.36 0.053 0.085 0.017 0.011 0.004 43.92 99.55 98.12 1.28 0.14 1.63 2.7 -2.3 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0
      L80 灰岩 0.38 0.14 0.09 0.92 55.57 0.018 0.049 0.006 0.005 0.004 42.22 99.40 98.71 0.62 0.02 0.44 -0.5 -8.5 7 92.2 0 0.8 0 0 0 0
      L81 灰岩 3.56 0.97 0.42 3.97 48.3 0.032 0.377 0.010 0.031 0.015 41.93 99.62 94.2 5.00 0.08 0.79 0.6 -8.6 0 98.4 1.6 0 0 0 0 0
      L82 白云岩 0.83 0.22 0.73 9.36 44.33 0.063 0.063 0.019 0.01 0.005 44.4 100.03 98.09 1.80 0.21 2.14 0.8 -7.1 57.6 42.4 0 0 0 0 0 0
      L83 灰岩 6.04 1.09 0.31 3.11 48.05 0.035 0.488 0.008 0.034 0.023 40.13 99.32 91.29 7.50 0.06 0.64 1.1 -8.1 23.8 67.4 0 8.8 0 0 0 0
      注:受成岩改造明显的样品用蓝色字体标注,对应的主量元素数据不能用来进行古海洋环境的分析。
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      表  2  板凳沟剖面龙王庙组碳酸盐岩方解石、白云石组分的碳氧同位素组成

      Table  2.   δ13C and δ18O values of calcites and dolomites of carbonate in Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section

      样品 方解石 白云石 样品 方解石 白云石
      δ13C δ18O δ13C δ18O δ13C δ18O δ13C δ18O
      L2 -1.4 -8.7 0.1 -6.9 L61 0.0 -9.0 1.2 -7.3
      L5 -3.4 -6.2 -1.5 -5.3 67 0.3 -9.1 1.9 -6.8
      L20 -0.6 -9.5 0.5 -6.6 L69 0.1 -8.5 2.0 -6.8
      L32 -1.9 -5.9 -1.2 -6.2 L72 -0.5 -9.1 1.1 -7.4
      L38 -1.3 -9.1 -0.3 -7.9 L75 -0.2 -5.0 0.7 -5.2
      L41 0.4 -8.7 1.3 -6.9 L76 -0.1 -9.8 1.1 -8.0
      L49 -0.4 -9.1 0.8 -7.4 L83 0.5 -9.1 1.7 -7.4
      L54 0.4 -9.2 0.8 -8.3
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      表  3  渝东地区板凳沟剖面龙王庙组微量元素含量及部分计算结果

      Table  3.   Trace element concentrations and calculated results of Longwangmiao Formation at Bandenggou Section, East Chongqing

      样品 微量元素(10-6) ΣREE L/H δCe δEu
      V Ni Sr B Ba La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Y Cr Co
      L7 7.35 3.98 363 0.32 31.00 6.79 10.40 1.23 4.16 0.76 0.12 0.62 0.11 0.50 0.11 0.28 0.06 0.29 0.04 3.15 9.95 1.25 30.07 3.55 6.08 0.77
      L11 5.61 2.81 168 0.15 17.20 7.61 12.10 1.48 5.24 1.04 0.22 0.98 0.19 1.02 0.22 0.60 0.10 0.59 0.08 6.84 6.83 0.88 39.4 2.36 6.06 0.98
      L16 10.70 2.96 258 0.26 16.40 9.93 15.90 1.94 6.87 1.26 0.21 1.01 0.17 0.81 0.16 0.45 0.08 0.43 0.06 4.94 11.10 1.02 46.09 3.62 6.09 0.82
      L17 8.82 3.70 277 0.13 17.00 9.74 15.60 1.91 6.76 1.26 0.21 1.02 0.18 0.87 0.18 0.49 0.09 0.47 0.07 5.32 10.90 1.37 46.00 3.37 6.08 0.81
      L18 10.10 5.07 303 0.11 20.40 10.10 17.00 2.14 7.61 1.45 0.23 1.18 0.21 1.03 0.21 0.60 0.10 0.58 0.08 6.15 12.40 2.04 50.81 3.14 6.10 0.77
      L20 14.00 6.04 407 0.35 44.10 7.64 12.80 1.63 5.91 1.14 0.18 0.90 0.17 0.85 0.18 0.52 0.10 0.58 0.08 5.19 16.00 2.35 40.69 2.57 6.05 0.78
      L43 21.30 10.20 246 0.81 94.50 21.20 35.40 4.31 15.80 2.95 0.33 2.42 0.45 2.22 0.46 1.30 0.22 1.21 0.17 14.30 21.20 6.53 106.86 2.98 6.20 0.54
      L46 11.70 6.64 371 0.50 45.90 8.19 13.50 1.84 6.90 1.41 0.25 1.05 0.21 1.06 0.22 0.62 0.11 0.61 0.09 6.65 13.80 2.94 45.55 2.38 5.77 0.89
      L52 4.60 2.65 237 0.02 12.40 2.83 4.32 0.53 1.81 0.34 0.08 0.27 0.05 0.24 0.05 0.13 0.03 0.16 0.02 1.52 6.69 0.68 13.50 2.76 5.95 1.15
      L53 3.52 2.24 253 0.12 9.78 5.56 8.60 1.09 3.91 0.83 0.14 0.66 0.13 0.59 0.11 0.27 0.04 0.21 0.03 3.76 5.35 0.47 27.06 2.90 5.87 0.83
      L57 5.30 3.14 250 0.27 11.50 5.13 7.50 0.97 3.46 0.67 0.12 0.52 0.10 0.52 0.11 0.29 0.06 0.29 0.04 3.24 5.55 1.01 24.34 2.75 5.67 0.89
      L59 7.82 3.08 218 0.05 9.07 5.20 8.15 0.99 3.31 0.57 0.16 0.45 0.08 0.37 0.07 0.18 0.03 0.15 0.02 2.26 5.82 0.47 23.02 3.96 6.05 1.38
      L60 6.26 3.41 147 0.10 18.70 4.38 6.76 0.84 2.94 0.56 0.11 0.43 0.08 0.38 0.08 0.20 0.04 0.18 0.02 2.44 5.94 0.3 21.22 2.80 5.57 0.93
      L63 4.60 2.10 157 0.16 7.85 4.53 6.53 0.86 3.03 0.58 0.11 0.46 0.09 0.46 0.09 0.24 0.04 0.20 0.03 3.05 5.93 0.47 17.76 2.65 6.15 0.85
      L65 6.93 2.23 172 0.10 9.50 3.34 5.68 0.71 2.53 0.54 0.09 0.38 0.08 0.40 0.08 0.22 0.04 0.24 0.04 2.31 4.32 0.21 10.84 3.11 5.74 1.20
      L66 3.50 1.84 167 0.16 5.15 2.43 3.47 0.43 1.51 0.29 0.07 0.22 0.04 0.19 0.04 0.11 0.02 0.12 0.02 1.22 5.43 0.47 22.41 2.58 5.75 0.77
      L68 4.95 2.02 166 0.02 13.10 4.52 6.82 0.88 3.18 0.65 0.10 0.48 0.11 0.52 0.11 0.29 0.05 0.27 0.04 3.28 4.47 0.07 13.36 3.93 5.87 1.23
      L70 3.30 1.16 151 0.08 5.37 3.21 4.60 0.55 1.89 0.32 0.08 0.25 0.04 0.18 0.04 0.09 0.02 0.10 0.02 1.12 5.85 0.14 28.28 5.02 6.07 1.01
      L73 4.31 1.51 235 0.13 7.77 5.11 10.20 1.43 5.48 1.14 0.22 0.73 0.13 0.48 0.08 0.17 0.03 0.14 0.02 2.11 4.72 0.32 13.24 3.66 5.90 1.10
      L78 3.11 1.94 135 0.02 6.68 2.75 4.46 0.58 2.10 0.42 0.09 0.29 0.05 0.24 0.05 0.11 0.02 0.12 0.02 1.28 4.53 0.18 11.16 3.54 5.99 1.10
      L80 2.72 1.53 168 0.37 4.49 2.37 3.81 0.48 1.64 0.33 0.07 0.22 0.04 0.18 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.11 0.02 1.11 8.26 1.04 22.27 2.50 6.08 0.74
      L81 9.71 3.19 156 0.29 18.00 3.95 6.92 0.90 3.34 0.69 0.10 0.48 0.1 0.50 0.11 0.29 0.06 0.29 0.04 2.99 7.19 1.01 24.97 2.34 6.18 0.72
      L83 8.52 2.94 154 0.32 21.70 4.17 7.71 1.01 3.72 0.78 0.11 0.55 0.12 0.62 0.13 0.39 0.07 0.42 0.06 3.67 30.07 3.55 6.08 0.77
      海水 3.57 0.79 0.51 2.34 0.46 0.12 0.71 0.12 0.860 0.25 0.83 0.12 0.82 0.16 18.400
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