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    羌塘盆地东部那益雄组玄武岩地球化学特征及构造意义

    李学仁 王剑 万友利 付修根

    李学仁, 王剑, 万友利, 付修根, 2018. 羌塘盆地东部那益雄组玄武岩地球化学特征及构造意义. 地球科学, 43(2): 401-416. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.599
    引用本文: 李学仁, 王剑, 万友利, 付修根, 2018. 羌塘盆地东部那益雄组玄武岩地球化学特征及构造意义. 地球科学, 43(2): 401-416. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.599
    Li Xueren, Wang Jian, Wan Youli, Fu Xiugen, 2018. Geochemical Characteristics and Tectonic Implications of Nayixiong Formation Basalts in Eastern Qiangtang Basin, Tibet. Earth Science, 43(2): 401-416. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.599
    Citation: Li Xueren, Wang Jian, Wan Youli, Fu Xiugen, 2018. Geochemical Characteristics and Tectonic Implications of Nayixiong Formation Basalts in Eastern Qiangtang Basin, Tibet. Earth Science, 43(2): 401-416. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.599

    羌塘盆地东部那益雄组玄武岩地球化学特征及构造意义

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.599
    基金项目: 

    中国地质调查局项目 121201010000161110

    国家青年科学基金项目 41502112

    中国地质调查局项目 DD20160159

    国家青年科学基金项目 41702119

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      李学仁(1986-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事古生物学与地层学研究

      通讯作者:

      王剑

    • 中图分类号: P597

    Geochemical Characteristics and Tectonic Implications of Nayixiong Formation Basalts in Eastern Qiangtang Basin, Tibet

    • 摘要: 羌塘盆地东部那益雄组玄武岩作为裂谷演化最后阶段的喷发产物,其成岩年龄和地球化学特征为裂谷的关闭时间和二叠纪构造演化提供了重要约束.在剖面地质调查基础上,对那益雄组玄武岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年及全岩分析测试,结果显示:那益雄组玄武岩锆石U-Pb年龄为257.2±2.9 Ma,形成于晚二叠世;该玄武岩属于大陆拉斑玄武岩系列,轻微富集Ta元素而轻微亏损Nb元素,是软流圈地幔物质上涌与岩石圈地幔相互作用的产物,形成于裂谷关闭碰撞后的伸展背景.羌塘地块东部二叠纪玄武岩的地球化学数据显示,早二叠世-晚二叠世玄武岩具有由OIB型玄武岩向火山弧型玄武岩过渡的演化趋势,表明羌塘地块东部板内裂谷在早二叠世打开,中二叠世进入裂谷演化阶段,于晚二叠世关闭.

       

    • 图  1  羌塘盆地构造位置及二叠纪火山岩分布(a),研究区地质简图及采样位置(b)和周琼玛鲁二叠系柱状图(c)

      TR.塔里木盆地;QD.柴达木盆地;AKMS.阿尼玛卿-昆仑-木孜塔格缝合带;HJS.可可西里-金沙江缝合带;SP.松潘甘孜复理石杂岩;HXP.可可西里山前褶皱带;QT.羌塘盆地;BNS.班公湖-怒江缝合带;LS.拉萨地体;YTS.雅鲁藏布缝合带;HMLY.喜马拉雅地体;图1中年龄数据见表 1

      Fig.  1.  Tectonic outline of the Qiangtang basin and the distribution of the Permian volcanic rocks (a), simplified geological map of the study area and locations of the samples (b), the Permian stratigraphic column of Zhouqiongmalu (c)

      图  2  玄武岩野外露头及显微照片

      Fig.  2.  Outcrop photograph and micrograph of the basalts

      图  3  那益雄组玄武岩典型锆石CL图像(a)和U-Pb谐和图(b)

      图a中白色圆圈代表锆石U-Pb测年点,数字为测点编号

      Fig.  3.  Representative zircon CL images (a) and U-Pb concordia diagram (b) of the Nayixiong Formation basalts

      图  4  那益雄组玄武岩Nb/Y-Zr/TiO2图解(a)和SiO2-FeOT/MgO图解(b)

      Fig.  4.  Plots of Nb/Y-Zr/TiO2 (a) and SiO2-FeOT/MgO (b) for Nayixiong Formation basalts

      图  5  那益雄组(a,b)、诺日巴尕日保组(c,d)、尕笛考组(e,f)玄武岩稀土元素配分模式和微量元素蛛网图

      诺日巴尕日保组、尕笛考组玄武岩数据引自1:25万直根尕卡幅;OIB型玄武岩数据引自Sun and McDonough(1989)

      Fig.  5.  Chondrite-normalized REE patterns and PM-normalized trace element spider diagrams for Nayixiong Formation (a, b), Nuoribagaribao Formation (c, d) and Gadikao Formation (e, f) basalts

      图  6  二叠纪玄武岩构造背景判别图解

      图a据Meschede(1986),图b据Pearce and Norry (1979),图c据Cabanis and Lecolle (1989),图d据Shervais (1982);A1.板内碱性玄武岩,A2.板内碱性玄武岩和板内拉斑玄武岩,B.富集型洋中脊玄武岩,C.板内拉斑玄武岩和火山弧型玄武岩,D.亏损型洋中脊玄武岩和火山弧型玄武岩;1A.钙碱性玄武岩,1B.过渡型,1C.火山弧拉斑玄武岩,2A.大陆玄武岩,2B.弧后盆地玄武岩, 3A.大陆裂谷碱性玄武岩,3B.富集型洋中脊玄武岩,3C.富集型洋中脊玄武岩,3D.正常洋中脊玄武岩;WPB.板内玄武岩,MORB.洋中脊玄武岩,IAB.岛弧玄武岩,OIB.洋岛玄武岩,CFB.大陆泛流玄武岩,IAT.岛弧拉斑玄武岩,AB.钙碱性玄武岩

      Fig.  6.  The discrimination diagrams of Permian basalts

      图  7  那益雄组玄武岩形成模式示意图

      Fig.  7.  Simplified formation model of the Nayixiong Formation basalts

      表  1  羌塘盆地二叠纪基性岩

      Table  1.   Summary of the Permian basic rocks from Qiangtang basin

      样品 岩性 测试方法 年龄(Ma) 纬度(N), 经度(E) 数据来源
      Qsm01 辉绿岩 Sm-Nd 299 戈木日东侧 李才(2004)
      GS26-1 玄武岩 SHRIMP 287 莫云一带 李善平(2008)
      Ge06 辉绿岩 SHRIMP 284 33°28′12″,85°19′24″ 翟庆国(2009)
      E0812 辉绿岩 SHRIMP 279 33°18′29″,86°01′38″ Zhai et al.(2013)
      Ge0815 辉长岩 SHRIMP 282 33°10′39″,85°15′39″ Zhai et al.(2013)
      LG0801 辉绿岩 SHRIMP 285 33°51′22″,84°01′06″ Zhai et al.(2013)
      LG0802 辉绿岩 SHRIMP 285 33°41′35″,84°03′55″ Zhai et al.(2013)
      T41 辉绿岩 LA-ICP-MS 291 33°59′07″,84°14′03″ Xu et al.(2013)
      T51 辉绿岩 LA-ICP-MS 292 33°55′10″,84°20′13″ Xu et al.(2013)
      L07 辉绿岩 LA-ICP-MS 290 34°27′57″,84°58′38″ Xu et al.(2016)
      L26 辉绿岩 LA-ICP-MS 290 34°03′55″,84°56′03″ Xu et al.(2016)
      QZ5-X1 玄武岩 LA-ICP-MS 267 角木茶卡 未发表
      15R3 玄武岩 LA-ICP-MS 257 34°53′48″,91°51′21″ 本文
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  那益雄组玄武岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析结果

      Table  2.   Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of the Nayixiong Formation basalt

      样品号 含量(10-6) Th/U 同位素比值 同位素年龄(Ma)
      Pb Th U 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ
      15R3-01 30 517 1 423 348 898 0.004 1 0.811 4 0.028 8 0.097 5 0.001 5 617 72.2 603 16.1 600 8.7
      15R3-02 312 592 119 199 40 665 2.931 3 10.795 4 0.261 0 0.480 3 0.005 6 2 483 39.2 2 506 22.5 2 528 24.3
      15R3-03 105 123 268 145 172 334 1.556 0 0.582 9 0.022 8 0.066 0 0.000 8 746 83.3 466 14.6 412 4.6
      15R3-04 162 839 98 849 171 085 0.577 8 3.008 7 0.064 5 0.245 3 0.002 7 1 398 38.6 1 410 16.4 1414 14.2
      15R3-05 51 932 199 447 251 198 0.794 0 0.298 3 0.022 0 0.041 1 0.001 0 343 181 265 17.2 259 6.5
      15R3-06 52 714 122 710 285 648 0.429 6 0.423 2 0.023 3 0.056 7 0.001 0 398 133 358 16.6 355 5.8
      15R3-07 64 794 212 195 225 994 0.938 9 0.330 2 0.019 6 0.045 4 0.000 9 328 153 290 14.9 286 5.3
      15R3-08 94 225 216 599 208 163 1.040 5 0.535 7 0.018 8 0.066 5 0.000 8 543 75.9 436 12.4 415 4.8
      15R3-09 92 754 187 918 215 763 0.870 9 0.578 2 0.026 3 0.071 4 0.001 2 546 90.7 463 16.9 444 7.5
      15R3-10 91 965 193 280 214 299 0.901 9 0.588 8 0.028 6 0.070 7 0.001 0 633 102 470 18.3 440 5.9
      15R3-11 54 561 177 841 260 271 0.683 3 0.312 8 0.018 5 0.040 3 0.000 8 487 150 276 14.3 255 5.1
      15R3-12 77 612 307 022 180 672 1.699 3 0.315 9 0.021 4 0.040 5 0.001 0 528 174 279 16.5 256 6.0
      15R3-13 222 497 67 700 105 531 0.641 5 11.275 5 0.226 9 0.474 5 0.005 3 2 576 30.7 2 546 18.8 2 503 23.2
      15R3-14 69 032 160 332 249 020 0.643 9 0.469 4 0.020 3 0.060 5 0.001 0 476 89.8 391 14.0 379 5.9
      15R3-15 64 393 159 206 255 099 0.624 1 0.396 0 0.018 7 0.054 6 0.000 8 350 114 339 13.6 343 5.1
      15R3-16 56 743 207 668 244 209 0.850 4 0.304 1 0.016 4 0.040 7 0.000 6 389 119 270 12.8 257 3.6
      15R3-17 100 200 234 055 190 755 1.227 0 0.486 2 0.017 6 0.066 0 0.000 8 339 79.6 402 12.1 412 4.7
      15R3-18 120 963 285 644 154 447 1.849 5 0.487 9 0.017 8 0.065 4 0.000 9 372 75.0 403 12.2 409 5.4
      15R3-19 90 205 352 551 151 526 2.326 7 0.267 8 0.012 8 0.040 7 0.000 8 200 -71 241 10.3 257 5.0
      15R3-20 96 106 230 617 194 137 1.187 9 0.525 2 0.019 5 0.063 4 0.000 8 591 106 429 13.0 396 5.1
      15R3-21 77 070 199 086 216 974 0.917 6 0.485 8 0.034 6 0.056 9 0.001 2 728 156 402 23.6 357 7.1
      15R3-22 102 458 232 924 184 537 1.262 2 0.552 0 0.022 8 0.066 7 0.001 1 620 92.6 446 15.0 416 6.5
      15R3-23 119 009 275 270 153 774 1.790 1 0.483 1 0.019 7 0.064 9 0.001 0 383 94.4 400 13.5 405 6.3
      15R3-24 214 522 163 165 95 427 1.709 8 2.205 6 0.079 1 0.207 5 0.003 1 1 124 72.2 1 183 25.1 1 216 16.7
      15R3-25 273 138 64 528 67 663 0.953 7 12.184 8 0.303 3 0.520 2 0.007 2 2 550 39 2 619 23.4 2 700 30.4
      15R3-26 101 858 112 995 227 229 0.497 3 0.680 5 0.025 8 0.083 8 0.001 3 565 81 527 15.6 519 7.7
      15R3-27 64 237 96 893 284 968 0.340 0 0.447 1 0.020 5 0.059 0 0.001 0 398 98.1 375 14.4 369 6.2
      15R3-28 229 639 119 379 96 674 1.234 9 3.438 7 0.081 1 0.256 9 0.004 0 1 569 42.9 1 513 18.6 1 474 20.6
      15R3-29 179 107 79 920 99 729 0.801 4 3.313 1 0.085 3 0.261 4 0.003 9 1454 43 1484 20.1 1497 20.1
      15R3-30 145 833 266 262 139 347 1.910 8 0.619 1 0.020 6 0.069 7 0.001 0 767 72 489 12.9 434 6.1
      15R3-31 225 667 119 913 111 426 1.076 2 2.958 7 0.080 6 0.240 2 0.004 0 1 411 50 1 397 20.7 1 388 21.0
      15R3-32 81 637 237 231 212 821 1.114 7 0.272 6 0.014 1 0.040 8 0.000 7 109 124.1 245 11.3 258 4.6
      15R3-33 183 393 1 922 0.204 3 0.402 9 0.011 9 0.056 5 0.000 6 254 64.8 344 8.6 354 3.4
      15R3-34 239 614 1 396 0.439 7 0.483 0 0.014 1 0.061 9 0.000 6 476 69 400 9.6 387 3.6
      15R3-35 111 370 384 0.965 0 0.420 6 0.029 5 0.056 5 0.000 8 398 159 356 21.1 354 4.9
      15R3-36 252 703 824 0.853 6 0.468 0 0.020 9 0.066 7 0.000 8 235 106 390 14.5 416 4.8
      15R3-37 141 397 657 0.603 8 0.430 9 0.026 2 0.056 4 0.001 0 457 136 364 18.6 354 6.2
      15R3-38 740 1 369 2 561 0.534 4 0.714 1 0.018 3 0.091 9 0.000 9 454 19.4 547 10.9 567 5.5
      15R3-39 216 293 1 207 0.242 7 0.569 4 0.019 3 0.067 1 0.000 6 657 72.2 458 12.5 419 3.9
      15R3-40 328 1 004 1 780 0.564 2 0.400 7 0.014 0 0.056 5 0.000 7 257 78 342 10.1 354 4.3
      15R3-41 281 1 182 1 437 0.822 5 0.287 7 0.014 4 0.040 5 0.000 5 276 110 257 11.4 256 3.4
      15R3-42 251 705 1 736 0.406 0 0.395 5 0.013 2 0.056 6 0.000 6 217 74 338 9.6 355 3.5
      15R3-43 127 374 522 0.717 8 0.417 7 0.023 3 0.057 0 0.000 7 367 121.3 354 16.7 357 4.5
      15R3-44 775 483 663 0.728 7 3.800 5 0.086 0 0.279 6 0.002 7 1591 39.7 1593 18.2 1590 13.7
      15R3-45 3 729 3 251 5 767 0.563 8 2.588 1 0.047 9 0.197 6 0.001 3 1 517 33 1 297 13.6 1 162 6.9
      15R3-46 324 918 1 312 0.699 6 0.455 1 0.017 6 0.061 3 0.000 8 346 84 381 12.3 384 4.8
      15R3-47 189 455 698 0.651 3 0.531 0 0.021 2 0.068 9 0.000 9 465 91 433 14.1 429 5.5
      15R3-48 210 658 1 012 0.649 6 0.402 8 0.014 4 0.057 1 0.000 7 243 79 344 10.4 358 4.2
      15R3-49 95 356 726 0.490 4 0.278 3 0.015 8 0.041 0 0.000 7 176 135.2 249 12.5 259 4.1
      15R3-50 128 589 501 1.175 0 0.304 4 0.020 5 0.040 8 0.000 7 394 157.4 270 15.9 258 4.3
      15R3-51 3 214 1 401 3 179 0.440 7 8.892 1 0.168 5 0.409 3 0.003 6 2 417 31 2 327 17.4 2 212 16.6
      15R3-52 171 492 632 0.777 7 0.431 2 0.020 3 0.061 5 0.000 7 235 111 364 14.4 385 4.4
      15R3-53 430 1 204 2 137 0.563 4 0.481 4 0.012 1 0.063 3 0.000 6 409 57 399 8.3 396 3.9
      15R3-54 401 276 357 0.771 4 3.841 3 0.107 2 0.282 1 0.003 3 1 589 51.4 1 601 22.5 1 602 16.6
      15R3-55 1 011 332 494 0.673 3 13.610 3 0.307 1 0.533 5 0.004 9 2 684 37.0 2 723 21.4 2 756 20.6
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  那益雄组玄武岩主量元素(%)和微量元素(10-6)分析结果

      Table  3.   Major elements (%) and trace elements (10-6) data of the Nayixong Formation basalts

      样品号 15R9-H31 15R9-H32 15R9-H33 15R9-H34 15R9-H35 15R9-H36 15R9-H37 15R9-H38
      SiO2 47.43 47.23 42.15 42.90 42.00 42.51 43.47 44.92
      TiO2 1.57 1.57 1.30 1.45 1.45 1.35 1.45 1.24
      Al2O3 13.81 13.56 11.14 12.89 12.51 11.55 12.98 10.60
      Fe2O3 3.59 3.69 4.90 3.65 0.85 4.19 3.79 7.66
      FeO 8.82 8.73 5.73 7.27 9.56 6.16 7.29 2.08
      MnO 0.19 0.19 0.14 0.19 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.14
      MgO 8.07 8.11 6.78 7.39 7.38 6.86 7.44 2.25
      CaO 8.88 8.95 11.94 10.40 11.02 11.91 9.58 14.47
      Na2O 2.54 2.58 3.18 2.73 3.03 2.76 3.04 4.33
      K2O 1.42 1.45 0.32 1.51 0.84 0.90 1.11 0.64
      P2O5 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.12
      LOI 2.63 2.90 11.69 8.77 10.10 10.91 8.81 11.31
      Total 99.07 99.08 99.37 99.26 99.03 99.37 99.24 99.75
      La 7.51 7.99 7.18 6.87 8.05 7.50 7.75 9.49
      Ce 20.00 19.80 17.00 17.10 19.60 17.50 18.60 22.10
      Pr 2.85 2.84 2.63 2.48 2.81 2.54 3.05 2.81
      Nd 13.70 13.70 12.40 12.50 14.20 13.90 13.80 13.20
      Sm 3.65 3.79 3.20 3.49 3.76 3.67 3.46 3.61
      Eu 1.34 1.37 1.34 1.26 1.37 1.38 1.42 1.28
      Gd 4.08 4.42 3.63 3.67 4.20 3.96 3.92 3.75
      Tb 0.78 0.82 0.68 0.75 0.82 0.72 0.78 0.72
      Dy 4.19 4.50 3.54 3.89 4.30 4.07 4.05 3.79
      Ho 0.82 0.82 0.72 0.74 0.80 0.73 0.79 0.70
      Er 2.06 2.12 1.86 1.94 2.05 1.98 2.09 1.92
      Tm 0.30 0.32 0.27 0.28 0.30 0.28 0.31 0.28
      Yb 1.80 1.90 1.68 1.75 1.81 1.76 1.82 1.66
      Lu 0.26 0.28 0.23 0.26 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.23
      Y 20.00 20.70 17.90 19.10 21.50 20.00 19.90 18.10
      Sr 524.00 515.00 278.00 379.00 447.00 392.00 426.00 303.00
      Rb 48.70 49.90 11.50 49.40 31.10 32.00 42.30 34.40
      Ba 395.00 396.00 48.80 389.00 179.00 145.00 234.00 55.50
      Th 0.98 0.96 0.83 0.77 0.91 0.75 0.86 0.99
      Ta 0.38 0.43 0.36 0.38 0.43 0.35 0.39 0.36
      Nb 5.27 5.63 4.81 4.79 5.55 4.34 5.26 5.01
      Zr 95.40 85.00 78.90 85.80 90.70 75.70 87.80 76.80
      Hf 2.74 2.73 2.53 2.58 2.80 2.06 2.46 2.12
      V 335.00 354.00 293.00 325.00 338.00 295.00 320.00 291.00
      Cr 360.00 408.00 275.00 338.00 333.00 281.00 352.00 292.00
      U 0.27 0.30 0.21 0.20 0.25 0.18 0.25 0.30
      Ni 103.00 105.00 90.10 94.00 98.30 84.70 101.00 98.20
      (La/Yb)N 2.99 3.02 3.07 2.82 3.19 3.06 3.05 4.10
      δEu 1.06 1.02 1.20 1.07 1.05 1.10 1.17 1.05
      下载: 导出CSV
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    • 收稿日期:  2017-10-07
    • 刊出日期:  2018-02-15

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