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    塔中北坡“复合花状”构造发育特征及成因机制

    韩晓影 汤良杰 曹自成 魏华动 付晨阳

    韩晓影, 汤良杰, 曹自成, 魏华动, 付晨阳, 2018. 塔中北坡“复合花状”构造发育特征及成因机制. 地球科学, 43(2): 525-537. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.600
    引用本文: 韩晓影, 汤良杰, 曹自成, 魏华动, 付晨阳, 2018. 塔中北坡“复合花状”构造发育特征及成因机制. 地球科学, 43(2): 525-537. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.600
    Han Xiaoying, Tang Liangjie, Cao Zicheng, Wei Huadong, Fu Chenyang, 2018. Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Composite Flower Structures in Northern Slope of Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin. Earth Science, 43(2): 525-537. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.600
    Citation: Han Xiaoying, Tang Liangjie, Cao Zicheng, Wei Huadong, Fu Chenyang, 2018. Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Composite Flower Structures in Northern Slope of Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin. Earth Science, 43(2): 525-537. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.600

    塔中北坡“复合花状”构造发育特征及成因机制

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.600
    基金项目: 

    国家科技重大专项 2011ZX05002-003-001

    国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)项目 2012CB214804

    国家自然科学基金项目 41172125

    中国石油化工股份有限公司项目 P14131

    中国石油化工股份有限公司项目 P11086

    国家自然科学基金项目 41572105

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      韩晓影(1989-), 女, 博士研究生, 主要从事含油气盆地构造分析方面的研究

      通讯作者:

      汤良杰

    • 中图分类号: P542

    Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Composite Flower Structures in Northern Slope of Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin

    • 摘要: 学者们对塔中北坡走滑断层的活动期次和发育时间以及形成机制展开过一些研究,但尚未达成共识.近期高品质三维地震资料的获得,有助于对该区走滑断层展开更详细的研究.基于三维地震数据的解释,发现塔中北坡发育一系列下断穿寒武系基底、上断至中泥盆统的NNE向走滑断裂.地震剖面上显示多数走滑断裂几何学形态复杂,以上奥陶统为界,断裂呈现下部"正花状"与上部"负花状"相互叠置的"复合花状"构造样式.三维地震相干切片显示,下部断裂呈NNE向线性延伸且只分布于主位移带附近;上部断裂为NW走向,整体上呈现为右阶雁列排布.根据界面沿断层局部"隆升"高度的分析以及断层生长指数的计算可知,下部断层形成时间不早于晚奥陶世,上部雁列正断层的发育时间为中志留-中泥盆世.结合塔里木盆地周缘构造背景分析,认为下部基底断层可能发育于晚奥陶世,与古昆仑洋强烈俯冲碰撞作用相关;上部雁列断层的形成可能受控于下部基底走滑断层的活化,与阿尔金域强烈的褶皱造山作用相关.

       

    • 图  1  塔里木盆地构造单元(a)和塔中北坡构造位置(b)

      Fig.  1.  Simplified distribution map of tectonic units in the Tarim basin (a) and tectonic location of the northern slope of Tazhong uplift (b)

      图  2  三维地震剖面AA′和BB′花状构造与垂直断层识别

      剖面AA′和BB′位置见图 1

      Fig.  2.  The flower structures and vertical faults of 3D seismic profiles AA′ and BB

      图  3  塔中地区古生界地层

      Fig.  3.  The Paleozoic strata of Tazhong uplift

      图  4  塔中北坡走滑断层识别标志

      a.顺南1三维工区桑塔木组顶界面(T70)相干切片;b.顺南2三维工区恰尔巴克组底界面(T74)相干切片;c.顺1三维工区东河塘组底界面(T60)相干切片;三维工区的位置见图 1

      Fig.  4.  Identification characteristics of strike-slip faults in northern slope of Tazhong uplift

      图  5  顺1、顺南1和顺南2三维工区地震剖面走滑断裂解释

      走滑断裂典型构造样式剖面位置见图 6

      Fig.  5.  Interpreted 3D seismic sections across the strike-slip faults from the 3D seismic volumes of S1, SN1 and SN2

      图  6  顺1(a, a′)、顺南1和顺南2(b, b′)三维工区上奥陶统恰尔巴克组底界面(T74)地震相干属性切片

      三维工区的位置见图 1

      Fig.  6.  Coherence attribute slices of the Ordovician Qiaerbake Formation bottom (T74) from the 3D seismic volumes of S1(a, a′), SN1 and SN2 (b, b′)

      图  7  顺1三维工区中泥盆统克孜儿塔格组顶界面(T60)地震相干属性切片(a, a′),顺南1和顺南2三维工区下志留统柯坪塔格组顶界面(T63)地震相干属性切片(b, b′)

      三维工区的位置见图 1

      Fig.  7.  Coherence attribute slice of Devonian Keziertage Formation top (T60) from the S1 3D seismic volumes (a, a′) and Coherence attribute slice of Silurian Kepingtage Formation top (T63) from the 3D seismic volume of SN1 and SN2 (b, b′)

      图  8  界面“隆升”高度计算示意图

      局部隆升高度(km)=(T2-T1)×3

      Fig.  8.  Schematic sketch diagram of the rising height of the interface

      图  9  不同断裂不同界面“隆升”高度柱状图

      Fig.  9.  The histogram of the rising height of different interface of the six major faults

      图  10  雁列正断层地震解释剖面(a)和断层生长指数分析(b)

      断层F1、F2、F3和剖面pro.1、pro.2、pro.3、pro.4、pro.5的位置见图 5

      Fig.  10.  Seismic interpretation sections (a) and fault growth index analysis (b) for en-echelon normal faults

      图  11  雁列正断层与主位移带交角分布频数柱状图

      Fig.  11.  The frequency distribution histogram of the angle between the strike of each en-echelon normal fault and the principal displacement zone (PDZ)

      图  12  塔中北坡走滑断层演化模型

      Fig.  12.  Evolution model of the strike-slip faults in the northern slope of Tazhong uplift

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    出版历程
    • 收稿日期:  2017-09-30
    • 刊出日期:  2018-02-15

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