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    南海海盆盆西峡谷的形态与结构及形成演化

    罗伟东 周娇 李学杰 姚永坚 王哲

    罗伟东, 周娇, 李学杰, 姚永坚, 王哲, 2018. 南海海盆盆西峡谷的形态与结构及形成演化. 地球科学, 43(6): 2172-2183. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.615
    引用本文: 罗伟东, 周娇, 李学杰, 姚永坚, 王哲, 2018. 南海海盆盆西峡谷的形态与结构及形成演化. 地球科学, 43(6): 2172-2183. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.615
    Luo Weidong, Zhou Jiao, Li Xuejie, Yao Yongjian, Wang Zhe, 2018. Morphology and Structure and Evolution of West Basin Canyon, South China Sea. Earth Science, 43(6): 2172-2183. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.615
    Citation: Luo Weidong, Zhou Jiao, Li Xuejie, Yao Yongjian, Wang Zhe, 2018. Morphology and Structure and Evolution of West Basin Canyon, South China Sea. Earth Science, 43(6): 2172-2183. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.615

    南海海盆盆西峡谷的形态与结构及形成演化

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.615
    基金项目: 

    中国地质调查局项目 DD20160138

    中国地质调查局项目 DD20160140

    中国地质调查局项目 DD20189642

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      罗伟东(1977-), 男, 高级工程师, 硕士, 主要从事海洋区域地质调查与研究

    • 中图分类号: P618

    Morphology and Structure and Evolution of West Basin Canyon, South China Sea

    • 摘要: 盆西峡谷是南海中建南盆地中东部的一条大型峡谷,整体呈NW向,水深介于2 850~4 300 m,全长约188 km,宽为1.5~14.5 km,起始于中建南盆地,延伸到西南次海盆,对其进行形态、结构和形成演化的研究,为后续西南次海盆浊积扇的研究奠定了基础,对深入了解浊流沉积物的搬运模式提供科学依据.利用高分辨率多波束测深、单道和多道地震的最新资料,研究盆西峡谷的形态特征和结构及形成演化,结果表明盆西峡谷具有"分段性"特征,剖面形态从WN向ES依次表现为上段U型、中上段V型、中下段下V上U型和下段U型4段形态;上段以沉积作用为主,发育多期下切河道充填沉积,厚度可达1 200 m;中上段以侵蚀-沉积过渡作用为主,发育浊积水道砂体;中下段以冲刷作用为主,发育内堤岸和块体流沉积;下段发育块体流和滑塌体沉积.研究表明,盆西峡谷的形成受古地貌条件、侵蚀-沉积作用、海平面变化、构造运动和岩浆活动等多方面的影响,其中侵蚀-沉积作用、断裂活动和海平面变化为主控因素.揭示出盆西峡谷沉积演化可分为3个演化阶段:中中新世的峡谷蕴育阶段、晚中新世的峡谷侵蚀-充填阶段和上新世-第四纪的峡谷"回春"阶段.

       

    • 图  1  研究区位置示意及断裂和新生代岩体分布

      Fig.  1.  Sketch map showing location of the study area and the distribution of Cenozoic magmatic rock and fracture

      图  2  中建南盆地层序划分与海平面变化

      Fig.  2.  Diagram showing relations between sea level changes and stratigraphic sequences in Zhongjiannan basin

      图  3  盆西峡谷晕渲地形

      Fig.  3.  Shaded-relief map in west basin canyon

      图  4  分段峡谷和地形剖面位置示意

      Fig.  4.  Segmentation canyon and the location of the topographical profile

      图  5  盆西峡谷谷底水深变化曲线

      谷底测线位置见图 4LL'

      Fig.  5.  The water depth change curve of bottom of the west basin canyon

      图  6  典型地形剖面示意

      Fig.  6.  Sketch map of the typical topographical profile

      图  7  盆西峡谷平面展布及典型地震剖面形态特征

      Fig.  7.  The planar geometry and classical cross-sectional morphology of the west basin canyon

      图  8  测线a地震剖面特征

      位置见图 7a测线

      Fig.  8.  Characteristics of seimic section in line a

      图  9  测线b地震剖面特征

      位置见图 7b测线

      Fig.  9.  Characteristics of seimic section in line b

      图  10  测线c地震剖面特征

      位置见图 7c测线

      Fig.  10.  Characteristics of seimic section in line c

      图  11  测线e地震剖面特征

      位置见图 7e测线

      Fig.  11.  Characteristics of seimic section in line e

      图  12  地震剖面上峡谷演化趋势

      Fig.  12.  The evolution tendency of seimic profile in canyon

      表  1  盆西峡谷地形剖面主要地形参数特征

      Table  1.   The main terrain parameters in west basin canyon

      剖面名称 峡谷分段 峡谷类型 长(km) 上顶部宽(km) 下底部宽(km) 下切深度(m) 谷底水深(m) 谷壁坡度(左,右)
      1 A U型 63.4 6.8 3.9 52.0 2 817 2.3°,0.4°
      2 8.3 2.4 70.0 2 932 1.2°,2.0°
      3 7.3 2.0 95.0 2 988 2.4°,2.2°
      4 B V型 14.5 4.7 157.1 3 090 10.6°,3.2°
      5 1.6 239.2 3 255 18.6°,20.0°
      6 C U型 5.8 2.1 1.2 129.3 3 220 11.1°,20.2°
      7 D V型 45.2 3.5 457.8 3 421 17.4°,18.1°
      8 4.2 221.1 3 342 5.9°,10.2°
      9 5.5 368.0 3 538 9.2°,9.2°
      10 7.1 470.5 3 804 5.7°,8.0°
      11 E 上U 34.3 12.5 379.9 3 943 3.4°,7.0°
      12 下V 12.7 572.3 4 382 10.4°,12.9°
      13 F U型 24.8 10.9 2.6 142.2 4 329 1.6°,2.1°
      14 6.6 2.0 32.2 4 255 0.6°,1.0°
      下载: 导出CSV
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    • 收稿日期:  2017-12-10
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