Age and Provenance of Upper Shilidun Formation, Lintan, West Qinling Orogen: Constraints from LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Dating of Detrital Zircons
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摘要: 从前人的研究来看，十里墩组缺少限定其形成时代的标准化石，这导致其沉积时限尚有诸多争议，并且对于该套地层物源的相关研究甚少.以西秦岭临潭地区十里墩组上段碎屑岩为研究对象，进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究，探讨其形成时代及物源.结果表明：十里墩组上部层位的2个样品中最小锆石年龄组加权平均年龄为265.7±6.5 Ma，即十里墩组上段沉积时代应不老于265.7±6.5 Ma，综合古生物化石信息将其形成年代厘定为中晚二叠世.所获得碎屑锆石年龄可划分为4组：①显生宙年龄组，265~467 Ma；②新元古代年龄组，564~996 Ma，该组有小段峰值，峰值年龄为955 Ma；③中元古代年龄组，1 099~1 539 Ma；④古元古代-太古代年龄组，1 622~3 153 Ma，该组年龄又可细分为古元古代中晚期年龄段：1 622~2 194 Ma，峰值为1 902 Ma；古元古代早期-太古代年龄段：2 343~3 153 Ma，峰值为2 516 Ma.综合研究认为，十里墩组上段的物源具多元性，包括华北板块南缘、祁连造山带东段以及西秦岭北缘构造带，且华北板块南缘古老基底为其主要物源.据沉积相、岩相古地理以及区域构造演化分析认为，十里墩组上段沉积于扬子板块俯冲伴随勉略洋收敛所形成的弧后盆地北缘斜坡地带.
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关键词:
- 西秦岭造山带 /
- 临潭地区 /
- 十里墩组 /
- LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年 /
- 岩石学
Abstract: According to previous studies, there are short of standard fossils to define the formed age of Shilidun Formation, which leads to many disputes about the depositionl time, and correlation studies on the provenance of Shilidun Formation are rare. LA-ICP-MS detrital zircon U-Pb dating was conducted for clastic rocks in the upper Shilidun Formation, Lintan area, to investigate the age and provenance in this study. The results show that the weighted mean age of the youngest zircon age group in the two samples is 265.7±6.5 Ma, representing the maximum depositional age of the upper Shilidun Formation. Taking the paleontological data into consideration, it is suggested that the upper Shilidun Formation was deposited in the Middle-Late Permian. The detrital zircon ages are divided into 4 groups:① Phanerozoic age group (265-467 Ma); ② Neoproterozoic age group (564-996 Ma), with a small peak at 955 Ma; ③ Mesoproterozoic age group (1 099-1 539 Ma); ④ Paleoproterozoic-Archaean age group (1 622-3 153 Ma), which can be subdivided into two groups:the Middle and Late Paleoproterozoic age group (1 622-2 194 Ma), with an obvious peak at 1 902 Ma; the Early Paleoproterozoic age group (2 343-3 153 Ma), with an obvious peak at 2 516 Ma.According to the characteristics of the detrital zircon spectra, it is thought that the upper Shilidun Formation has multi-sources, including the southern margin of the North China block, the eastern section of the Qilian orogenic belt, the northern margin of the West Qinling tectonic zone, and ancient basement of the southern margin of the North China block is main source region. Based on the sedimentary facies, lithofacies paleogeography and regional tectonic evolution, it is proposed that the upper Shilidun Formation should be formed in the northern slope of the back arc basin formed by the subduction of the Yangtze plate and the convergence of the Mianlue Ocean.-
Key words:
- West Qinling orogen /
- Lintan area /
- Shilidun Formation /
- zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating /
- petrology
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图 1 中国大地构造纲要图(a)；西秦岭构造单元图(b)；西秦岭临潭地区地质简图(c)
Ⅰ.临夏-天水逆冲推覆构造带；Ⅱ.夏河-礼县逆冲推覆构造带；Ⅲ.碌曲-成县逆冲推覆构造带；Ⅳ.迭部-武山逆冲推覆构造带；Ⅴ.郎木寺-南坪逆冲推覆构造带；SF1.商丹缝合带；SF2.勉略缝合带；F1.临潭-宕昌-酒奠梁断裂；F2.迭山-舟曲-谈家庄-江口断裂；F3.白龙江断裂；1.第四系；2.新近系甘肃群；3.下白垩统磨沟组；4.上三叠统大河坝组；5.中二叠统光盖山组；6.下三叠统隆务河组；7.二叠系十里墩组；8.上石炭统下加岭组；9.下石炭统巴都组；10.上泥盆统大草滩组；11.三叠纪石英闪长岩；12.二叠纪石英闪长岩；13.三叠纪花岗闪长岩；14.超镁铁质岩；15.角度不整合界线；16.侵入岩内部界线；17.逆冲断层；18.地层界线、侵入接触界线；19.同位素年龄采样位置.图a据Li et al.(2014);图b据张国伟等(1997);图c据甘肃省地质调查院(2007, 1:25万合作幅地质图)和甘肃省地质调查院(2007, 1:25岷县幅地质图)
Fig. 1. Subdivisions of main tectonic units of China(a); West Qinling orogenic belt tectonic partition diagram(b); geological map of Lintan area in the West Qinling orogenic belt (c)
图 2 十里墩组中的化石及典型地质现象野外照片
a.灰质砾岩露头；b.灰岩砾石中的类化石；c.鲍马序列中上段粒序层理；d.鲍马序列底部重荷模构造
Fig. 2. The photos of the fossil in the Shilidun Formation and typical geological phenomena
图 3 十里墩组地层柱状简图及采样位置
Fig. 3. The stratigraphic column diagram and sample location of the Shilidun Formation
图 4 十里墩组样品显微照片
Qtz.石英；Pl.斜长石；Or.正长石；Mi.云母；Ls.砂岩岩屑；Lg.花岗质岩屑；Lm.变质岩岩屑
Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of the Shilidun Formation samples
图 5 十里墩组样品代表性锆石阴极发光图像及年龄
样品分别为PM404-TW6、PM404-TW12
Fig. 5. Cathodoluminescence (CL) images and ages of single zircon from the Shilidun Formation rock samples
图 6 锆石形成环境地球化学判别图解(a，b)和锆石稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图(c，d)
Fig. 6. Geochemical discriminant diagrams for zircon forming environments (a, b); chondrite-normalized REE patterns of zircon grains (c, d)
图 7 十里墩组上段碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图(a, c)、年龄分布直方图及概率密度曲线(b, d)
a.PM404-TW6锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图；b.PM404-TW6锆石U-Pb年龄直方图；c.PM404-TW12锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图；d.PM404-TW12锆石U-Pb年龄直方图
Fig. 7. The upper Shilidun Formation detrital zircons U-Pb concordia diagrams (a, c)，histograms and probability density curves (b, d)
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