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    吐哈盆地西南缘地区砂岩型铀矿含矿目的层沉积相与铀矿化

    聂逢君 张成勇 姜美珠 严兆彬 张鑫 张进 乔海明 周伟

    聂逢君, 张成勇, 姜美珠, 严兆彬, 张鑫, 张进, 乔海明, 周伟, 2018. 吐哈盆地西南缘地区砂岩型铀矿含矿目的层沉积相与铀矿化. 地球科学, 43(10): 3584-3602. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.233
    引用本文: 聂逢君, 张成勇, 姜美珠, 严兆彬, 张鑫, 张进, 乔海明, 周伟, 2018. 吐哈盆地西南缘地区砂岩型铀矿含矿目的层沉积相与铀矿化. 地球科学, 43(10): 3584-3602. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.233
    Nie Fengjun, Zhang Chengyong, Jiang Meizhu, Yan Zhaobin, Zhang Xin, Zhang Jin, Qiao Haiming, Zhou Wei, 2018. Relationship of Depositional Facies and Microfacies to Uranium Mineralization in Sandstone along the Southern Margin of Turpan-Hami Basin. Earth Science, 43(10): 3584-3602. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.233
    Citation: Nie Fengjun, Zhang Chengyong, Jiang Meizhu, Yan Zhaobin, Zhang Xin, Zhang Jin, Qiao Haiming, Zhou Wei, 2018. Relationship of Depositional Facies and Microfacies to Uranium Mineralization in Sandstone along the Southern Margin of Turpan-Hami Basin. Earth Science, 43(10): 3584-3602. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.233

    吐哈盆地西南缘地区砂岩型铀矿含矿目的层沉积相与铀矿化

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.233
    基金项目: 

    二连盆地西缘隆起区卫境岩体抬升剥蚀与盆内铀成矿耦合机理研究成矿耦合机理研究 41772068

    国家重点基础研究发展规划973计划 2015CB453002

    国家自然科学基金项目 41562006

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      聂逢君(1962-), 男, 教授, 主要从事铀矿地质与沉积地质学研究

    • 中图分类号: P536

    Relationship of Depositional Facies and Microfacies to Uranium Mineralization in Sandstone along the Southern Margin of Turpan-Hami Basin

    • 摘要: 吐哈盆地铀矿找矿工作因十红滩矿床的发现而取得了重要突破,之后又在八仙口、苏巴什等地区相继找到了铀矿体与铀矿化.尽管矿床的发现带来了与铀矿化有关的研究工作不断深入,然而,矿床层间渗入氧化成矿作用的关键控制因素——沉积相与微相并未引起人们的足够重视.通过分析盆地的构造演化、钻孔岩心观察和测井曲线分析,识别出含矿目的层西山窑组(包括一段、二段、三段)主要形成于辫状三角洲环境.西山窑组一段、三段沉积于辫状三角洲平原环境,而最为重要的含矿层——西山窑组二段则沉积于辫状三角洲前缘相的水下分流河道、河口坝、分流间湾等微相.镜下鉴定结果表明,目的层岩石类型主要为岩屑砂岩,长石岩屑砂岩,次要为岩屑长石砂岩.电子探针分析结果显示,铀的存在形式主要是独立铀矿物,即沥青铀矿和含钛铀矿物.连井剖面对比研究表明,含铀含氧流体自南东向北西方向迁移,形成的铀矿体主要为板状和卷状.沉积相、微相与铀矿化之间的关系研究表明,铀矿化发育在辨状三角洲水下分流河道微相与河口坝微相环境,或水下分流河道微相与分流间湾微相接触界面附近的岩石中,沉积相(或微相)界面是控制铀矿化的关键因素.

       

    • 图  1  吐哈盆地内部构造单元划分

      Fig.  1.  The interior tectonic units of the Turpan-Hami Basin

      图  2  吐哈盆地地层柱状图

      Fig.  2.  The stratigraphic column for the Turpan-Hami Basin

      图  3  三工河组与西山窑组(J2x)分界处露头

      a.西山窑组(J2x)与三工河组(J1s)间的冲刷面; b.西山窑组底部下砾岩段; c.西山窑组底部上砾岩段

      Fig.  3.  The photos of outcrop showing the boundary between the Sangonghe Formation and Xishanyao Formation

      图  4  吐哈盆地十红滩-八仙口地区4号线沉积微相分析剖面s

      AL.冲积扇; FP.洪泛平原; SWP.滨浅湖沼泽; DC.平原分流河道; IDB.分流间湾; SDC.水下分流河道; MB.河口坝; J2x1.西山窑组一段; J2x2.西山窑组二段; J2x3.西山窑组三段; Esh.(古近系)鄯善群s

      Fig.  4.  Analysis of depositional facies and microfacies for the target layer along the exploration line No.4 in Shihongtan-Baxiankous

      图  5  十红滩-八仙口ZK32-25钻孔岩心观察与沉积微相解释

      Fig.  5.  Observation and interpretation of drilling cores from Borehole ZK32-25 in Shihongtan-Baxiankou

      图  6  吐哈盆地西南缘西山窑组二段时期辫状三角洲体系

      Fig.  6.  The depositional model of the braided delta system of the second member of Xishanyao Fm. (J2x2) along the southern margin of the Turpan-Hami Basin

      图  7  十红滩-八仙口地区目的层砂岩镜下鉴定特征

      a.石英(Q)表面干净, 火山岩屑(VRF)港湾状, 变质岩岩屑(MRF)定向排列, ZK8-15, 219.80 m, 10×2(+); b.同视域, 见较多不透明的铁质物, ZK8-15, 219.80 m, 10×2(-); c.石英明显带状及片状消光, ZKEW9-10, 212.05 m, 10×10(+); d.斜长石(Pl)强绢云母化, 右下角石英云状消光, ZK32-25, 243.70 m, 10×5(+)

      Fig.  7.  Microscopic petrography of the target layer in Shihongtan-Baxiankou

      图  8  十红滩-八仙口-苏巴什地区目的层砂岩分类s

      A.石英砂岩; B.长石石英砂岩; C.岩屑石英砂岩; D.长石砂岩; E.岩屑长石砂岩; F.长石岩屑砂岩; G.岩屑砂岩

      Fig.  8.  The sandstone types of the target layers from classification in Shihongtan-Baxiankou-Subashi

      图  9  十红滩-八仙口地质简图与铀矿化分布

      李保侠(2002)修改

      Fig.  9.  The sketch geological map and uranium mineralization distribution in the study area

      图  10  吐哈盆地八仙口地区矿体形态

      a.卷状; b.板状s

      Fig.  10.  Shapes of the uranium ore bodies in Baxiankou, Turpan-Hami Basin

      图  11  十红滩-八仙口矿床铀矿物背散射电子图像

      a.沥青铀矿吸附在黄铁矿晶体的表面ZK12-30, 322.86 m; b.沥青铀矿分布在长石和石英颗粒空隙间, ZK12-30, 322.86 m; c.石英蚀变空隙中沥青铀矿, ZK27b-b, 338.85 m; d.长石颗粒蚀变空隙中铀矿物, ZK27b-b, 340.30 m

      Fig.  11.  The BSE images of uranium minerals in sandstones in Shihongtan-Baxiankou

      图  12  十红滩-八仙口地区西山窑组二段沉积微相与铀矿化关系s

      Fig.  12.  Relationship between depositional microfacies and uranium mineralization within the Xishanyao Fm., Shihongtan to Baxiankou

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