Progresses on Carnian (Late Triassic) Conodont Study in Southwest China
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摘要: 我国西南地区海相中-上三叠统沉积记录良好，但晚三叠世卡尼期牙形石生物地层划分和对比研究较为薄弱.通过对云南省罗平县和贵州省贞丰县、关岭县等地4条剖面的杨柳井组、竹杆坡组以及瓦窑组进行高精度的牙形石采样，以及牙形石生物地层学和系统分类学研究，共描述牙形石3属23种.结合前人研究材料，由下至上共建立了8个牙形石带，分别为：Paragondolella foliata带，Quadralella polygnathiformis带，Quadralella tadpole带，Quadralella praelindae带，Quadralella aff.auriformis带，Quadralella robusta带，Quadralella noah带和Quadralella ex gr.carpathica带.以此为基础，对西南地区卡尼期地层进行区域内和跨大区的对比和划分研究以及对牙形石分子演化规律进行探讨.Abstract: Marine depositions in Southwest China were well developed during the Middle to Upper Triassic. However, conodont biostratigraphic subdivision and correlation in the Late Triassic (Carnian age) are less systematically studied. Based on high-precision conodont samples collected from Yangliujing, Zhuganpo and Wayao formations in Luoping, Guanling and Zhenfeng counties, detailed conodont biostrtagraphic and systematic taxonomy researches were conducted, and twenty three species and three genera were recongnized. Eight conodont zones were established, they are, in ascending order, the Paragondolella foliata zone, the Quadralella polygnathiformis zone, the Quadralella tadpole zone, the Quadralella praelindae zone, the Quadralella aff. auriformis zone, the Quadralella robusta zone, the Quadralella noah zone and the Quadralella ex gr. carpathica zone. Based on the published and obtained materials, a further discussion on conodont biostratigraphic subdivision and regional correlation in area and realm and conodont evolution are also presented in this study.
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Key words:
- conodont /
- Late Triassic-Carnian /
- biostratigraphy /
- stratigraphy correlation /
- Southwest China /
- stratigraphy
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图 2 西南地区卡尼期牙形石生物地层划分及对比
Fig. 2. The subdivision and correlation of Carnian conodont biostratigraphy in Southwest China
图 3 西南地区拉丁期-卡尼期牙形石图版
图序中的a为口视, b为侧视, c为反口视；样品编号中CZ代表菜籽塘剖面，NR代表踊跃剖面，WL代表卧龙岗剖面.1a~1c.Quadralella wayaoensis(王红梅, 2000)WL-2 001；2a~2c.Paragondolella inclinata(Kovács, 1983)CZ-40 021; 3a~3c.Quadralella uniformis(孙作玉, 2006)CZ-31 039；4a~4c.Paragondolella inclinata(Kovács, 1983)CZ-40 123; 5a~5c.Quadralella cf. langdaiensis(杨守仁等, 2002)NR-92 064; 6a~6c.Gladigondolella malayensis (Nogami, 1968) NR-51 109; 7a~7c.Quadralella shijiangjunensis(孙作玉, 2006)NR-95 085; 8a~8c.Quadralella jiangyouensis(王志浩和戴进业, 1981)CZ-40 004; 9a~9c.Quadralella jiangyouensis(王志浩和戴进业, 1981)CZ-40 129; 10a~10c.Gladigondolella malayensis (Nogami, 1968) NR-66 069; 11a~11c.Quadralella uniformis(孙作玉, 2006)NR-66 050; 12a~12c.Quadralella maantangensis(田传荣等, 1983)NR-72 127; 13a~13c.Quadralella maantangensis(田传荣等, 1983)WL-7.500 1
Fig. 3. SEM photos of conodonts from the Ladinian-Carnian strata of Southwest China
图 4 西南地区拉丁期-卡尼期牙形石图版
图序中的a为口视, b为侧视, c为反口视；样品编号中CZ代表菜籽塘剖面，NR代表踊跃剖面，TS代表天硕剖面，WL代表卧龙岗剖面.1a~1c.Quadralella acuminatus(Orchard, 2007a)CZ-42 067; 2a~2b.Quadralella polygnathiformis(Budurov and Stefanov, 1965)WL-4 003; 3a~3c.Quadralella spp. CZ-35 020; 4a~4c.Quadralella spp. TS-33 067; 5a~5c.Quadralella polygnathiformis(Budurov and Stefanov, 1965)NR-93 016; 6a~6c.Quadralella aff. acuminatus(Orchard, 2007a)NR-93 023; 7a~7c.Quadralella yongyueensis Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2017 NR-67 030; 8a~8c.Quadralella wanlanensis Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2017 NR-32 157; 9a~9c.Quadralella wanlanensis Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2017 NR-54 090; 10a~10c.Quadralella jiangyouensis(王志浩和戴进业, 1981)CZ-40 134; 11a~11c.Quadralella aff. zonneveldi(Orchard, 2007a)NR-93 017; 12a~12c.Paragondolella foliata (Budurov, 1975) NR-95 006; 13a~13c.Paragondolella foliata (Budurov, 1975) CZ-42 088; 14a~14c.Quadralella tadpole(Hayashi, 1968)NR-67 012
Fig. 4. SEM photos of conodonts from the Ladinian-Carnian strata of Southwest China
图 5 西南地区拉丁期-卡尼期牙形石图版
图序中的a为口视, b为侧视, c为反口视；图序编号中CZ代表菜籽塘剖面，NR代表踊跃剖面，TS代表天硕剖面. 1a~1c.Quadralella intermedius(Orchard, 2007a)NR-95 003; 2a~2c.Qudralella aff. polygnathiformis magna(Igo, 1989) CZ-19 075; 3a~3c.Quadralella spp. CZ-19 021; 4a~4c.Quadralella tadpole(Hayashi, 1968) NR-11 130; 5a~5c.Quadralella postica Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a TS-4 032; 6a~6c.Quadralella postica Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a TS-4 033; 7a~7c.Qudralella yongningensis Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a TS-11 039; 8a~8c.Qudralella yongningensis Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a TS-11 045; 9a~9c.Quadralella polygnathiformis(Budurov and Stefanov, 1965)CZ-42 173; 10a~10c.Quadralella spp. CZ-42 158; 11a~11c.Quadralella spp. CZ-43 116; 12a~12c.Quadralella aff. auriformis(Kovács, 1977)CZ-31 036; 13a~13c.Quadralella polygnathiformis(Budurov and Stefanov, 1965)CZ-31 049; 14a~14c.Quadralella praelindae(Kozur, 2003)CZ-40 124; 15a~15c.Quadralella robusta Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a CZ-35 016; 16a~16c.Quadralella praelindae(Kozur, 2003)CZ-42 174; 17a~17c.Quadralella praelindae(Kozur, 2003)CZ-42 100; 18a~18c.Quadralella praelindae(Kozur, 2003)CZ-31 026
Fig. 5. SEM photos of conodonts from the Ladinian-Carnian strata of Southwest China
图 6 西南地区拉丁期-卡尼期牙形石图版
图序中的a为口视, b为侧视, c为反口视；样品编号中CZ代表菜籽塘剖面，NR代表踊跃剖面，TS代表天硕剖面.1a~1c.Quadralella robusta Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a CZ-31 026; 2a~2c.Quadralella robusta Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a NR-7 061; 3a~3c.Quadralella shijiangjunensis(孙作玉, 2006)CZ-36 036; 4a~4c.Quadralella wignalli Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a CZ-36 026; 5a~5c.Quadralella wignalli Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2018a CZ-36 025; 6a~6c.Quadralella yongyueensis Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2017 CZ-19 022; 7a~7c.Quadralella wanlanensis Zhang, Sun and Lai, 2017 TS-19 068; 8a~8c.Quadralella aff. polygnathiformis magna(Igo, 1989) NR-70 147; 9a~9c.Quadralella aff. polygnathiformis magna(Igo, 1989)NR-72 144; 10a~10c.Quadralella intermedius(Orchard, 2007a)CZ-42 161; 11a~11c.Quadralella aff. zonneveldi(Orchard, 2007a)CZ-42 172; 12a~12c.Quadralella aff. zonneveldi(Orchard, 2007a)CZ-31 087; 13a~13c.Quadralella intermedius(Orchard, 2007a)CZ-31 065; 14a~14c.Quadralella tadpole(Hayashi, 1968)CZ-31 040
Fig. 6. SEM photos of conodonts from the Ladinian-Carnian strata of Southwest China
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