Nano-Minerals and Nano-Mineral Resources
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摘要: 为促进对纳米矿物及纳米矿物资源的认识、深入研究及开发应用，阐述了矿物纳米颗粒、纳米矿物狭义和广义概念、纳米矿物形貌分类和主要类型，并从晶体结构和晶体化学理论讨论纳米矿物形成和稳定的本质，即纳米矿物和矿物纳米颗粒形成分别受内因和外因控制.阐明了纳米矿物学研究内容及其在关键带研究的重要性，提出了纳米矿物资源的概念、属性及其开发利用的方向.Abstract: To promote the understanding, further research, and exploration and application of nano-minerals and nan-mineral resources, the narrow and broad conception of mineral nano-particle and nano-mineral as well as the types of nano-minerals and their morphological types are elaborated in this paper. Then, the nature of the formation and stability of nano-minerals in terms of crystal structure and crystal chemistry are discussed. It is found that formation of nano-minerals and mineral nano-particles are controlled by intrinsic factors and extrinsic factors. In addition, this paper presents the research field of nano-mineralogy and its importance in the research of critical zone. Finally, it proposes the conception and properties of nano-mineral resources and its potential applications.
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图 1 主要一维纳米矿物电镜图像
a.凹凸棒石；b.锰氧化物；c.埃洛石；d.纤蛇纹石；e.针铁矿；f.伊毛缟石
Fig. 1. Electron microscope images of main one-dimension nano-minerals
图 2 二维纳米矿物透射电镜图像
Smec.蒙脱石；Bn.水钠锰矿；Go.层状双氢氧化物
Fig. 2. TEM images of two-dimension nano-minerals
图 3 晶体生长体系能量变化
Fig. 3. The variation of system energy in the process of crystal growth
图 4 蛇纹石族矿物硅氧四面体匹配方式
Fig. 4. The matching mode of Si-O tetrahedron in serpentine group minerals
图 5 矿物纳米颗粒电镜图像
a.中国黄土中的纳米棒状方解石；b.中国黄土中趋磁菌矿化纳米磁铁矿；c.大洋富钴结壳表面磷灰石；d.凹凸棒石粘土中磷灰石；e.明光凹凸棒石矿；f.鲕状赤铁矿
Fig. 5. Electron microscope images of mineral nano-particles
图 6 湖北黑石板鲕状赤铁矿矿层剖面照片(a)和微结构扫描电镜图像(b)
Fig. 6. Ore bed section photograph (a) and SEM image (b) of oolitic hematite from Heishi, Hubei Province
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