The Characteristics of Climate Change and Response of Vegetation in Three Gorges Reservoir~Area
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摘要: 为了解三峡库区气候与植被变化现状,利用克里金插值、滑动平均、线性回归分析、MK检验及地学统计方法分析气象数据和MODIS卫星数据.结果表明:库区1961—2014年年均气温显著上升趋势,为0.015 C/a,春、秋、冬3季也呈显著上升,降水量变化不显著. 2001—2014年,库区植被指数(NDVI、EVI)年均值均呈上升趋势,EVI显著上升,四季中NDVI仅秋季为显著上升,EVI春、秋、冬3季均显著上升.年均NDVI、EVI分别有29.74\%和45.19\%的区域显著增加,重庆主城区植被指数显著降低.春季NDVI、EVI与同季及年均气温为显著正相关,秋季EVI与同季气温为显著负相关,其余相关性不显著.(可见)气温对植被指数的影响大于降水,气候变暖对小区域生态环境具有一定程度的影响,库区实行的相关政策已取得一定成效.Abstract: MODIS and meteorological data were used to analyze the change of climate and vegetation in Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA). The methods used in this study include kriging interpolation, sliding average, linear regression analysis, M{\hyphen{}}K test and geostatistical method. It was found that the annual mean air temperature increased significantly at the rate of 0.015 $^\circ$C/a for the period 1961—2014. Seasonally, the spring, autumn and winter mean air temperature increased significantly. Annual and seasonal precipitation changed insignificantly. In addition, the EVI and NDVI increased significantly and insignificantly, respectively, for the period 2001—2014. Seasonally, the NDVI increased significantly in autumn, and the EVI increased significantly in spring, autumn and winter. Spatially, the annual mean NDVI and EVI increased significantly in 29.74\% and 45.19\% of the study area, respectively. The NDVI and EVI decreased significantly in Chongqing city. The NDVI and EVI in spring were significantly and positively correlated with annual and spring mean air temperature. The EVI in autumn was significantly and negatively correlated with autumn mean air temperature. This study highlights that the mean air temperature has stronger effects on vegetation than precipitation and the effects of global warming on ecological environment at the local scale. The relevant policies in the TGRA have~worked.
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Key words:
- climate change /
- vegetation index /
- correlation /
- Three Gorges Reservoir~Area /
- environmental geology
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