Geochronology, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of Devonian High-K Acid Magmatic Rocks from Yemajing Area in Beishan Orogen
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摘要: 为了理清北山南部晚古生代构造演化过程，对野马井地区的二长花岗岩与流纹岩进行了岩石学、全岩主微量元素地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素等研究.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明二长花岗岩与流纹岩的就位年龄分别为402.7±2.4 Ma与392.9±2.5 Ma.二者均为富钾钾质岩浆岩，呈现过铝质-强过铝质，轻重稀土弱到中等分馏且相对富集轻稀土，二长花岗岩呈现无或弱的负Eu异常，流纹岩呈现较明显的负Eu异常，二者均富集Rb、Th、U、Pb等，亏损Nb、Ta、Ba、Sr、Ti等，为I型酸性岩浆岩.二长花岗岩与流纹岩的锆石εHf（t）值介于-2.2~+6.8，对应Hf模式年龄（tDM2）为962~1 533 Ma；指示二者主要由中元古代陆壳物质熔融所形成.依据野马井地区泥盆纪富钾酸性岩浆岩的地球化学特征，结合该区域其他地质资料，可推测其为后碰撞构造环境的产物.Abstract: In order to further clarify the tectonic evolution of the southern Beishan orogen during the Late Paleozoic, a comprehensive study including whole rock geochemistry and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopes has been carried out on the monzonitic granites and rhyolites collected from the Yemajing area. The results of zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating for the monzonitic granites and rhyolites are 402.7±2.4 Ma and 392.9±2.5 Ma (206Pb/238U ages) respectively, showing these rocks formed during the Devonian. The monzonitic granites and rhyolites in the research area were characterized by potassic, peraluminous to strongly peraluminous, relatively enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE with weak to moderate fractionation between LREE and HREE. The monzonitic granites display no or small negative Eu anomalies, whereas the rhyolites show more obviously negative Eu anomalies. They exhibit similar geochemical compositions including positive Rb, Th, U and Pb, but negative Nb, Ta, Ba, Sr and Ti anomalies, and belong to I-type granites. The zircon εHf(t) values of the monzonitic granites and rhyalites vary from -2.2 to +6, and the Hf model ages (tDM2) vary from 962 Ma to 1533 Ma. Consequently, it can be concluded that the potassic igneous rocks from this area were mainly derived from partial melting of the Middle Proterozoic continental crust. Combining with regional geological evidence, we suggest that the monzonitic granites and rhyolites were probably emplaced or erupted in a post-collision extensional setting. This study provides new crucial evidence for understanding the tectonic evolution of the southern CAOB during the Late Paleozoic.
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Key words:
- Beishan /
- Vocanics /
- Devonian /
- CAOB /
- U-Pb zircon dating /
- Hf isotopes /
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图 1 北山南部地质概况及采样位置
a.中亚造山带构造纲要与研究区位置图（据Zhou et al., 2018）; b.北山南部地质概况及泥盆纪研究成果（据许伟等, 2018）；c.野马井地区地质简图及采样位置
Fig. 1. Geological map of the investigation area and sampling positions
图 2 野马井地区样品的镜下特征.
Q.石英；Pl.斜长石；Bt.黑云母；Mc.微斜长石
Fig. 2. Photomicrograph of the Samples in the Yemajing area
图 3 样品锆石阴极发光图像
图中白色圈与黄色圈分别为U-Pb年龄与Hf同位素测点，并标注了锆石测点的U-Pb年龄结果与εHf(t)值
Fig. 3. The zircon CL images for the samples
图 4 样品锆石U-Pb同位素年龄谐和图
标准化数值据Sun and Mcdonough（1989）；拉萨地块钾质岩数据来自Zhao et al.（2009）, 王保弟等（2011）；措勤现布嘎寺组钾质岩数据来自陈建林等（2006）；燕冀辽地区钾质岩数据来自许保良等（1999）
Fig. 4. U-Pb concordia diagrams of the samples
图 5 北山南部野马井地区泥盆纪酸性岩浆岩主量元素特征
a.火山岩TAS分类图解投图（据Le Maitre, 1989）；b. K2O-SiO2图解（据Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976）；c. Na2O+K2O-CaO-SiO2图解（据Frost et al., 2001）；d. A/NK-A/CNK图解（据Maniar and Piccoli, 1989）；e. FeOT/(FeOT+MgO)-SiO2图解（据Frost et al., 2001）；f. (Al2O3+CaO)/(FeOT+Na2O+K2O)—100(MgO+FeOT+Ti2O)/SiO2图解（据Sylvester, 1989）；FeO=FeOT+0.899 8Fe2O3，A/CNK(摩尔比)=N(Al2O3)/[N(Na2O)+N(K2O)+N(CaO)]，A/NK（摩尔比）=N(Al2O3)/[N(Na2O)+N(K2O)]
Fig. 5. Major element diagrams for the Devonian acidic magmatic rocks in the Yemajing area
图 6 样品球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图（a, c）和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图（b, d）
Fig. 6. Chondrite normalized REE patterns (a, c) and primitive mantle normalized spider diagram (b, d) for the samples
图 7 野马井地区酸性岩浆岩主微量元素协变图解
I型与S型花岗岩分异趋势依据Chappell(1999)；元素分配系数依据Rollinson(1993)；Pl.斜长石；Kfs.钾长石；Hb.角闪石；Bt.黑云母；Tit.榍石；Allan.褐帘石；Ap.磷灰石；Zr.锆石；Mon.独居石
Fig. 7. The major and trace elements relationship diagrams for the Devonian acidic magmatic rocks in the Yemajing region
图 8 北山南部泥盆纪酸性岩浆岩在有关A型花岗岩判别图解中的投图
a, b.分别为Nb和Zr含量对10 000×Ga/Al的图解；c.为Rb/Ba对Zr+ Ce+Y的图解；d.为(K2O+Na2O)/CaO对Zr+Nb+Ce+Y的图解(据Whalen et al., 1987)；M, I, S.表示M型、I型、以及S型花岗岩；FG.分异的花岗岩；OGT.未分异的M型、I型、与S型花岗岩；双峰山花岗岩样品数据来自李舢等(2009)；墩墩山流纹岩样品数据来自Guo et al.(2014, 2017); 王国强(2015)
Fig. 8. Devonian acidic magmatic rocks from southern Beishan plotted in discrimination diagrams for A-type granitoids.
图 9 野马井地区泥盆纪酸性岩浆岩锆石εHf(t)-年龄图解
①.北山南部新元古界花岗岩；②.红柳园花岗岩；③.辉铜山花岗岩；④.北山南部二叠纪花岗岩；⑤.北山南部三叠纪花岗岩；Hf同位素数据源自于: 李舢等(2011); Li et al.(2012, 2013); Zhang et al.(2012); Mao et al.(2012b); Zhu et al.(2015); He et al.(2018)
Fig. 9. Diagram of εHf(t) vs. age for the Devonian acidic magmatic rocks in the Yemajing region.
图 10 主微量元素构造判别图解
据Maniar and Piccoli (1989); Pearce et al.(1984); Pearce and Norry(1979); Pearce(1982, 1996); IAG.岛弧花岗岩；CAG.陆弧花岗岩；CCG.大陆碰撞花岗岩；POG.后碰撞花岗岩；RRG.裂谷相关的花岗岩；CEUG.大陆造陆抬升相关的花岗岩；双峰山花岗岩样品数据来自李舢等(2009)；墩墩山流纹岩数据来自Guo et al.(2014, 2017)和王国强(2015)；墩墩山玄武岩来自王国强(2015)；辉铜山二长花岗岩数据来自赵泽辉等(2007)；辉铜山钾长花岗岩数据来自李舢等(2011)；红柳园埃达克岩数据来自Mao et al.(2012b)
Fig. 10. The major and trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation
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