青藏高原松多中三叠世洋壳的识别及其对松多古特提斯洋演化的制约

段梦龙; 解超明; 范建军; 王斌; 郝宇杰

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2019.100

青藏高原松多中三叠世洋壳的识别及其对松多古特提斯洋演化的制约

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.100

段梦龙^1,,
解超明^1,2, ,,
范建军^1,2,
王斌¹,
郝宇杰²

1.
吉林大学地球科学学院, 吉林长春 130061
2.
东北亚矿产资源评价自然资源部重点实验室, 吉林长春 130061

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目 DD20160026

国家自然科学基金项目 41872231

详细信息

作者简介:
段梦龙(1995-), 男, 硕士研究生, 大地构造学专业

通讯作者:
解超明

中图分类号: P583
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-29
- 刊出日期: 2019-07-15

Identification of the Middle Triassic Oceanic Crust of the Sumdo in the Tibet Plateau and Its Constraints on the Evolution of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean

1.
College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Natural Resources, Changchun 130061, China

摘要

摘要: 松多绿片岩分布于拉萨地块中部的松多地区，因对其时代及构造属性研究程度一直较低，严重制约了对松多古特提斯洋演化的认识.在详细野外地质调查基础上，对松多附近的绿片岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测试，以及锆石Hf同位素分析，并开展了岩石学和全岩地球化学研究.在松多绿片岩中获得锆石U-Pb年龄约为232 Ma，为中三叠世，代表了绿片岩的原岩成岩时代.其锆石ε_Hf(t)平均为3.6，显示弱亏损地幔的特征.岩石学和地球化学研究揭示，绿片岩原岩具有拉斑质基性岩特征，在球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线和原始地幔标准化多元素蛛网图中均为平坦型，与N-MORB相似.在各类判别图解上，也都落入N-MORB区域，表明松多绿片岩原岩可能为松多古特提斯洋壳残片.松多中三叠世绿片岩的识别，说明松多古特提斯洋可能在中三叠世时还存在洋盆.
- 松多古特提斯洋 /
- 绿片岩 /
- 地球化学 /
- 锆石U-Pb年代学 /
- 锆石Hf同位素
Abstract: The Sumdo green schist is distributed in the Sumdo area in the segment of the Lhasa block. Because of the low level of research on its age and tectonic characteristics, it has seriously constrained our understanding of the evolution of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean. Based on the detailed field geological survey, petrology, whole-rock geochemistry, LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotope and zircon Hf isotope analysis were carried out on the green schist. The zircon U-Pb age is approximately 232 Ma in the Sumdo green schist, which is the Middle Triassic, representing the protolith's crystallization of the green schist. The ε_Hf(t) of zircons is 3.6 on average, showing the characteristics of a weakly depleted mantle. Petrology and geochemistry studies reveal that the protolith of green schist has characteristics of tholeiite, which appears as a flat curve in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spidergrams, similar to N-MORB attributes. In all kinds of discriminative diagrams, they all fall into the N-MORB field, indicating that the protolith of Sumdo green schist may be an oceanic crust fragment from the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean. The identification of the Middle Triassic green schist in Sumdo indicates the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean may hold oceanic basin during the Middle Triassic.
- Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean /
- green schist /
- geochemistry /
- zircon U-Pb chronology /
- zircon Hf isotope

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图 1 西藏松多地区大地构造位置图和地质简图

a.西藏松多地区地质图; b.冈底斯东段构造简图, 据Zhu et al. (2010)修改; BNSZ.班公湖－怒江板块缝合带; SNMZ.狮泉河－纳木错混杂岩带; LMF.洛巴堆－米拉山断裂带; IYZSZ.印度－雅鲁藏布江板块缝合带

Fig. 1. Geotectonic location and geological map of Sumdo, Tibet

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图 2 西藏松多地区绿片岩实测剖面

C₂P₁s.上石炭统－下二叠统松多岩组; ges.绿片岩

Fig. 2. Green schist section of Sumdo area, Tibet

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图 3 松多绿片岩野外露头照片和显微照片

a.绿片岩宏观露头；b.绿片岩野外近景；c、d.绿片岩显微照片; Act.阳起石；Ab.钠长石；Chl.绿泥石；Ep.绿帘石；Hb.角闪石

Fig. 3. Photographs of field outcrop and photomicrographs of rock from the Sumdo green schist

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图 4 岩石类型判别图解

a. SiO₂-Nb/Y图, 据Winchester and Floyd(1977); b. Th/Yb-Zr/Y图, 据Ross and Bédard (2009)

Fig. 4. Diagram of discriminating rock type

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图 5 绿片岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图

榴辉岩数据引自Li et al.(2009); N-MORB和E-MORB数据引自Sun and McDonough (1989); 球粒陨石和原始地幔数据引自Sun and McDonough (1989)

Fig. 5. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spidergrams for the green schist

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图 6 绿片岩锆石阴极发光(CL)图像

Fig. 6. Zircon cathode luminescence (CL) image of green schist

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图 7 绿片岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图和稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线

a. ST15-1锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图; b. ST15-1锆石稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线; c. ST15-2锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图; d. ST15-2锆石稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线; 球粒陨石和原始地幔数据引自Sun and McDonough(1989)

Fig. 7. U-Pb concordant diagram of zircons from the green schist and chondrite-normalized REE patterns diagram

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图 8 绿片岩原岩源区判别图解

a. Nb-Zr图解, 据Le Roex et al. (1983); b. La/Sm-Sm图解, Aldanmaz (2000)

Fig. 8. Source region discrimination diagram of green schist

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图 9 松多绿片岩锆石U-Pb年龄(²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U)与ε_Hf(t)分布

Fig. 9. Plot of ε_Hf(t) vs. U-Pb ages (²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U) of zircons from the green schist in sumdo

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图 10 绿片岩部分微量元素和主量元素相关性图解

Fig. 10. Correlation between the trace elements and major elements of green schist

a. CaO-Mg^#; b. Al₂O₃-Mg^#; c. MgO/FeO^T-MgO; d. Ni/Cr-MgO; e. Ni-Zr; f. Cr-Nb

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图 11 绿片岩构造判别图解

a.Th/Yb-Nb/Yb判别图, 据Pearce(2008); N-MORB.正常大洋中脊玄武岩; E-MORB.富集大洋中脊玄武岩; OIB.洋岛玄武岩; b.Nb×2-Zr/4-Y判别图, 据Meschede(1986)；板内碱性玄武岩落在AⅠ和AⅡ区，板内拉斑玄武岩落在AⅡ和C区，P-MORB落在B区；N-MORB落在D区，火山弧玄武岩落在C和D区; 榴辉岩数据引自Li et al. (2009)

Fig. 11. Structural discrimination diagram of green schist

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表 1 松多绿片岩（ST15）全岩地球化学测试结果

Table 1. Whole-rock geochemical test results of Sumdo green schist (ST15)

样品号	ST15H1	ST15H2	ST15H3	ST15H4
SiO₂	50.83	44.81	49.03	41.61
TiO₂	1.92	2.10	1.96	3.43
Al₂O₃	13.87	15.80	14.80	14.67
Fe₂O₃^T	10.52	13.29	10.18	17.94
MnO	0.21	0.19	0.22	0.27
MgO	5.99	7.46	6.53	6.06
CaO	9.35	9.45	9.90	7.88
Na₂O	4.24	4.55	4.51	3.20
K₂O	0.51	0.71	0.49	1.76
P₂O₅	0.19	0.29	0.21	0.48
LOl	1.75	1.61	1.56	2.21
total	99.38	100.27	99.39	99.51
Li	12.55	11.69	8.46	25.84
Sc	49.08	50.48	49.82	56.22
Ti	12 272	12 556	12 766	23 540
V	389	415	416.16	614
Cr	97.56	108	104	43.56
Co	76.00	61.94	75.00	67.22
Ni	114	74.54	86.62	34.26
Cu	66.04	31.80	73.68	28.32
Zn	117	119	116	198
Ga	19.35	19.57	20.48	25.65
Rb	9.19	12.22	8.73	33.78
Sr	122	109	116	163
Y	36.16	37.26	40.38	66.84
Zr	114	113	120	251
Nb	3.04	2.804	2.91	6.82
Cs	0.34	0.39	0.28	1.15
Ba	54.24	61.02	48.58	124
La	4.72	4.24	4.67	9.47
Ce	15.06	13.60	15.04	30.14
Pr	2.54	2.34	2.54	5.11
Nd	12.25	11.24	12.27	24.04
Sm	4.08	3.85	4.09	7.84
Eu	1.27	1.23	1.29	2.30
Gd	4.80	4.64	4.99	8.80
Tb	0.81	0.78	0.85	1.47
Dy	5.44	5.3	5.68	9.75
Ho	1.17	1.16	1.23	2.08
Er	3.30	3.34	3.59	5.93
Tm	0.48	0.49	0.53	0.87
Yb	3.03	3.06	3.29	5.41
Lu	0.46	0.47	0.51	0.81
Hf	2.75	2.67	2.83	5.72
Ta	0.19	0.16	0.21	0.43
Pb	0.81	0.46	0.65	1.09
Th	0.24	0.17	0.18	0.45
U	0.13	0.17	0.09	0.24
注：主量元素单位为%，微量元素单位为10^-6.

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表 2 松多绿片岩锆石(ST15-1和ST15-2)LA-ICP-MS原位稀土元素(10^-6)分析结果

Table 2. In-situ rare earth element (10^-6) analysis results of zircon LA-ICP-MS in Sumdo green schist (ST15-1 and ST15-2)

样品	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	∑ REE
ST15R1	0.01	0.74	0.05	0.63	3.64	0.05	15	14	212	88	419	104	1 066	158	2 081
ST15R2	0.05	10.88	0.29	6.40	8.84	2.75	24	16	192	69	298	68	708	96	1 500
ST15R3	0.14	13.07	0.45	8.93	15.79	4.43	35	21	240	84	353	80	837	116	1 809
ST15R4	0.00	6.85	0.06	1.08	2.11	0.45	5	4	49	19	88	21	234	33	463
ST15R5	0.23	12.44	0.15	2.65	4.24	1.26	11	8	101	39	174	42	447	63	906
ST15R6	0.06	9.80	0.35	6.28	10.59	2.68	25	17	184	67	287	67	693	95	1 465
ST15R7	0.02	18.15	0.14	1.95	4.60	0.26	11	8	94	34	140	31	304	41	688
ST15R8	0.07	13.94	0.45	5.70	12.68	2.82	28	18	206	72	308	70	719	96	1 552
ST15R9	0.22	14.45	0.45	7.32	12.61	3.41	28	18	201	71	301	69	738	99	1 562
ST15R10	0.43	54.29	0.20	1.79	4.36	1.43	15	12	168	70	356	95	1 141	187	2 106
ST15R11	0.03	7.43	0.20	4.06	6.75	2.15	18	12	134	48	205	47	515	70	1 070
ST15R12	0.13	64.09	0.48	8.27	16.70	0.89	45	30	330	114	450	93	889	114	2 154
ST15R13	0.03	13.21	0.39	6.15	10.86	2.98	27	18	208	74	320	74	777	104	1 635
ST15R14	0.01	2.41	0.03	1.00	3.58	0.07	13	10	132	50	219	51	535	77	1 093
ST15A1	0.85	68.51	1.33	9.84	10.26	6.10	56	19	238	94	445	97	940	173	2 158
ST15A2	0.11	8.59	0.07	1.69	1.30	0.38	15	5	61	22	97	22	215	43	493
ST15A3	0.05	11.13	0.46	5.12	11.15	2.45	52	18	196	74	322	68	642	116	1 517
ST15A4	0.38	21.88	0.41	3.51	16.12	1.05	85	29	345	118	472	97	773	128	2 091
ST15A5	0.06	18.17	0.08	1.68	3.34	1.40	28	11	140	54	253	56	531	100	1 197
ST15A6	0.06	12.62	0.48	7.24	13.28	3.81	61	23	248	92	405	87	802	146	1 901
ST15A7	440.50	1 705.95	273.01	1 321.98	337.79	29.99	328	56	355	72	197	31	241	35	5 424
ST15A8	0.01	8.56	0.03	0.29	1.21	0.37	6	2	33	15	78	19	210	49	423
ST15A9	0.05	14.46	0.19	3.56	6.23	1.77	35	13	156	61	278	60	568	105	1 301
ST15A10	0.11	10.72	0.44	6.22	10.44	3.38	54	19	225	82	367	77	735	136	1 727

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表 3 松多绿片岩(ST15-1和ST15-2)LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb测试结果

Table 3. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb test results of pine poly green schist (ST15-1 and ST15-2)

点号	Pb (10^-6)	Th (10^-6)	U (10^-6)	Th/ U	同位素比值				同位素年龄(Ma)
点号	Pb (10^-6)	Th (10^-6)	U (10^-6)	Th/ U	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/ ²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/ ²³⁸U	1σ
ST15R1	96.74	42.35	309.73	0.14	0.581 3	0.012 0	0.070 6	0.001 1	465.3	7.7	439.9	6.4
ST15R2	64.18	466.15	349.74	1.33	0.259 3	0.008 0	0.036 2	0.000 6	234.1	6.5	229.3	3.6
ST15R3	57.421	389.76	291.93	1.34	0.258 3	0.006 6	0.037 1	0.000 6	233.3	5.3	234.8	3.6
ST15R4	38.458	176.73	195.21	0.91	0.260 9	0.006 9	0.037 7	0.000 6	235.4	5.5	238.7	3.6
ST15R5	58.973	449.69	305.14	1.47	0.257 3	0.006 1	0.036 8	0.000 6	232.5	4.9	233.2	3.5
ST15R6	52.834	342.63	284.02	1.21	0.256 9	0.007 9	0.036 6	0.000 6	232.2	6.4	231.8	3.6
ST15R7	192.77	126.14	179.49	0.71	2.628 6	0.041 7	0.209 1	0.003 0	1 308.7	11.7	1 224.1	16.1
ST15R8	81.13	545.34	387.93	1.41	0.262 0	0.006 4	0.037 4	0.000 6	236.3	5.1	236.8	3.5
ST15R9	65.48	433.06	336.47	1.29	0.257 8	0.007 0	0.036 4	0.000 6	232.9	5.6	230.7	3.5
ST15R10	324.36	1 830.74	1 891.25	0.97	0.258 8	0.004 6	0.037 0	0.000 5	233.7	3.7	234.2	3.3
ST15R11	39.595	233.38	217.24	1.08	0.261 3	0.010 6	0.035 7	0.000 6	235.7	8.6	225.9	3.7
ST15R12	415.36	263.65	341.64	0.77	2.939 8	0.044 6	0.230 6	0.003 2	1 392.2	11.5	1 337.9	17.1
ST15R13	85.34	582.87	433.66	1.34	0.247 4	0.006 1	0.035 5	0.000 5	224.4	4.9	224.7	3.2
ST15R14	116.12	113.06	391.11	0.29	0.412 6	0.007 8	0.056 8	0.000 8	350.8	5.6	356	4.9
ST15A1	330.21	3 164.4	2 121.22	1.49	0.260 18	0.012 61	0.036 64	0.000 6	234.8	10.2	232	3.7
ST15A2	1 133.18	146.32	415.77	0.35	10.375 5	0.134 73	0.467 77	0.005 69	2 468.9	12.1	2 473.8	24.9
ST15A3	63.41	431.4	346.68	1.24	0.257 97	0.042 37	0.036 49	0.001 46	233	34.2	231	9.1
ST15A4	322.78	201.56	256.46	0.79	2.558 1	0.044 12	0.209 83	0.002 61	1 288.8	12.6	1 227.9	13.9
ST15A5	72.05	23.87	68.62	0.35	0.262 68	0.039 06	0.037 25	0.001 35	236.8	31.4	235.8	8.4
ST15A6	61.62	459.46	356.16	1.29	0.256 16	0.016 48	0.036 48	0.000 68	231.6	13.3	231	4.2
ST15A7	61.14	217.49	281.09	0.77	0.865 85	0.027 22	0.036 15	0.000 62	633.3	14.8	228.9	3.8
ST15A8	44.97	163.96	276.07	0.59	0.252 36	0.032 29	0.036 14	0.001 08	228.5	26.2	228.9	6.7
ST15A9	78.23	535.2	468.04	1.14	0.251 6	0.020 88	0.036 07	0.000 69	227.9	16.9	228.4	4.3
ST15A10	58.72	420.99	346.1	1.22	0.255 31	0.028 21	0.036 6	0.000 96	230.9	22.8	231.7	5.9

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表 4 松多绿片岩锆石(ST15-1)Lu-Hf同位素组成

Table 4. The Lu-Hf isotope composition of zircon of green schist (ST15-1) in sumdo

点号	年龄(Ma)	¹⁷⁶Yb/¹⁷⁷Hf	¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf	¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf	2σ	ε_Hf(0)	ε_Hf(t)	2σ	T_DM(Ma)	f_Lu/Hf
ST15-1	229.3	0.070 160	0.002 640	0.282 733	0.000 018	-1.4	3.3	0.6	769	-0.92
ST15-2	234.8	0.085 231	0.003 219	0.282 685	0.000 026	-3.1	1.6	0.9	855	-0.90
ST15-3	238.7	0.060 783	0.002 223	0.282 792	0.000 024	0.7	5.6	0.9	674	-0.93
ST15-4	236.8	0.091 874	0.003 397	0.282 738	0.000 028	-1.2	3.5	1.0	779	-0.90
ST15-5	234.2	0.056 043	0.001 992	0.282 748	0.000 029	-0.9	4.0	1.0	734	-0.94

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