鄂尔多斯盆地西缘上奥陶统拉什仲组深水等深流沉积

李向东; 陈海燕

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2019.119

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘上奥陶统拉什仲组深水等深流沉积

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.119

李向东^,,
陈海燕

昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 云南昆明 650093

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41272119

昆明理工大学自然科学研究基金 KKSY201321008

云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目 2015Z030

详细信息

作者简介:
李向东(1973-), 男, 副教授, 博士, 从事沉积学教学与研究

中图分类号: P512.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-13
- 刊出日期: 2020-04-15

Deep-Water Contour Currents Deposits of Upper Ordovician Lashizhong Formation in Western Margin of Ordos Basin

Li Xiangdong^,,
Chen Haiyan

Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

摘要

摘要: 为缩小等深流沉积研究中的现代海洋研究与地层记录研究之间的不平衡和探索中-晚奥陶世鄂尔多斯盆地西缘大洋环流体系在海相深水油气勘探中的意义，在详细的野外观测的基础上，对有关沉积构造进行了古水流和流体动力学分析.结果表明：（1）非水道环境下约有1/3的小型交错层理古水流方向与区域斜坡方向垂直；（2）水道环境下普遍发育双向递变沉积构造，包括平行层（沙纹层）-均匀层-平行层（沙纹层）、条纹条带和双向粒序层3种类型.上述特征可解释为深水斜坡环境下的等深流沉积，并识别出非水道型和水道型2类，后者又分为部分改造型和完全改造型2亚类.
- 等深流沉积 /
- 沉积构造 /
- 古水流 /
- 上奥陶统 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地 /
- 沉积学
Abstract: In order to reduce the gap between contemporary oceanographic studies and geological records in the study area of deep-water contour currents deposits, and to explore the significance of ocean circulation system on marine deep water oil and gas exploration in Middle to Upper Ordovician of western margin of Ordos basin, it was perform paleo-currents-analyses and hydrodynamics using sedimentary structures based on detailed field observations. The results show that:(1)There are 1/3 small cross beddings with paleo-currents directions perpendicular to the regional slope direction; (2)sedimentary structures with bi-directional progressive grain-size change are ubiquitous in deep-water turbidity currents channel, which include parallel (ripple laminae)-homogeneous-parallel (ripple laminae) sequence, stripped-and-banded structures and inverse to normal grading sequence (grain size). All these sedimentary characteristics maybe suggest the deep-water contour currents deposits according to the perpendicular flow direction and the rhythmic lithologic properties which coincide with the period of contour currents. Here it was also recognized two contourites types:deep-water non-channel contourites and turbidity currents channel contourites, and the latter includes two subtypes with partial reaction and entire reaction.
- contour currents deposit /
- sedimentary structure /
- paleo-current /
- Upper Ordovician /
- Ordos basin /
- sedimentology

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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地西缘晚奥陶世艾家山早期(胡乐期)古地理略图

据郭彦如等(2014)和吴兴宁等(2015)修改

Fig. 1. Sketch showing paleogeography of Early Aijiashan Age (Hulean Age) in Late Ordovician, western Ordos basin

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图 2 桌子山地区拉什仲北山剖面上奥陶统拉什仲组岩性柱状图

据肖彬等(2014)修改

Fig. 2. Lithologic column of Upper Ordovician of Lashizhong north hill section in Zhuozishan area

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图 3 桌子山地区拉什仲组沉积特征

a.由灰绿色细砂岩、粉砂岩和黏土岩组成的近源浊流水道沉积序列, 拉什仲组第1段; b.由灰绿色(风化为黄绿色)中-薄层细砂岩、粉砂岩和黏土岩组成的远源浊流水道沉积序列, 拉什仲组第3段; c.灰绿色黏土岩夹有灰绿色(风化呈灰黄色)中-薄层钙质细砂岩、粉砂岩, 拉什仲组第1段; d.灰绿色黏土岩夹薄层至极薄层粉砂岩, 拉什仲组第2~3段; 图a和图b属于拉什仲北山剖面; 图c和图d属于石峡谷剖面, 为非浊流水道沉积

Fig. 3. Sedimentary characteristics of Lashizhong Formation, Zhuozishan area

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图 4 桌子山地区拉什仲组的指向沉积构造

a.灰绿色细砂岩底部槽模, 大小不一, 分布不均; b.灰绿色细砂岩底部的单一槽模, 形态规则; c.垂向叠置透镜体中的单向交错层理; d.侧向叠置透镜体中的平行层理(短箭头)和单向交错层理(长箭头); e.侧向叠置透镜体中的单向交错层理; f.交错层理, 局部出现"人"字型(箭头); 图a~b位于拉什仲北山剖面; 图c~f位于石峡谷剖面, 岩性为灰绿色薄层细砂岩, 其古水流玫瑰花图分别对应于图 5中的图e~h

Fig. 4. Directional sedimentary structures in Lashizhong Formation, Zhuozishan area

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图 5 桌子山地区拉什仲组古水流玫瑰花图

a.所有槽模, 拉什仲北山剖面; b.石峡谷所有交错层理; c.石峡谷拉什仲组下部交错层理; d.石峡谷拉什仲组上部交错层理; e~h.为单个交错层理古水流玫瑰花图, 分别对应图 4中的c~f

Fig. 5. Rose diagram of paleocurrents in the Lashizhong Formation, Zhuozishan area

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图 6 拉什仲组下部的粒度双向递变沉积构造

a.灰绿色厚层中砂岩中的平行层-均匀层-沙纹层序列, 完全改造型; b.灰绿色厚层砂岩中的平行层-均匀层-平行层序列, 不完全改造型, 下部为正粒序(单三角), 底部含有细砾级颗粒(箭头); c.灰绿色厚层细砂岩中的条纹条带构造, 底面发育槽模(箭头); d.灰绿色厚层砂岩中的复合型条纹条带构造, 由条纹条带(窄条带)-宽条带(粗砂岩)-条纹条带(窄条带, 略呈透镜体状)构成; e.灰绿色厚层细砂岩中的细砂岩-粗砂岩-细砂岩序列; f.灰绿色中层泥质细砂岩中的泥质粉砂岩-细砂岩-泥质粉砂岩序列; 图a~f在垂向上显示细-粗-细的粒度变化(双三角)

Fig. 6. Reverse to normal-graded sedimentary structures in the lower part of Lashizhong Formation

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图 7 拉什仲组等深流沉积垂向序列

a.非水道型; b.浊流水道部分改造型; c.浊流水道完全改造型

Fig. 7. Vertical sequences of contour currents deposits in Lashizhong Formation

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图 8 桌子山地区拉什仲组等深流沉积模式示意图

Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of depositional model for contour currents of Lashizhong Formation in Zhuozishan area

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表 1 桌子山地区拉什仲组古水流数据统计

Table 1. Paleocurrent data of Lashizhong Formation in Zhuozishan area

地点	点号	地层产状(°)	原始古水流产状(°)	复原后古水流产状(°)
石峡谷剖面交错层理	1	196∠12	181∠13, 185∠13, 165∠20, 199∠12, 191∠15, 185∠16, 146∠20, 137∠19, 126∠21, 140∠17, 135∠15, 153∠17, 152∠18, 180∠17, 206∠13, 174∠14, 155∠35, 152∠34, 150∠34.	119∠3, 135∠2, 131∠11.5, 203∠2, 174∠4, 166∠5, 108∠15, 98.5∠16, 92∠20, 98∠14, 86∠14, 109∠11, 105∠12, 146∠6, 252∠3, 114∠6, 140∠27, 135∠26, 133∠27.
	2	196∠12	186∠9, 180∠13, 188∠11, 194∠16, 240∠17, 240∠17, 238∠16, 242∠15, 240∠13, 217∠12, 215∠11, 211∠8, 186∠12, 187∠13, 177∠18, 141∠22, 145∠21, 151∠21, 151∠21, 155∠23 159∠22.	41∠4, 58∠4, 52∠2, 193∠4, 282∠12, 282∠12, 284∠10, 294∠12, 301∠10, 302∠4 312∠4, 345∠6, 90∠2, 110∠2, 146∠8, 110∠18, 114∠8, 120∠16, 120∠16, 130∠14 131∠14.
	3	196∠12	220∠12, 227∠14, 235∠10, 252∠9, 242∠7, 176∠12, 185∠13, 177∠16, 174∠16.	309∠6, 290∠8, 324∠8, 332∠10, 341∠10, 275∠4, 250∠2, 138∠6, 129∠7.
	4	196∠12	175∠23, 180∠21, 165∠23, 176∠22, 175∠22, 176∠22, 179∠19, 190∠10, 207∠7, 240∠8, 225∠11.	154∠12, 166∠10, 140∠14, 154∠11, 153∠11, 154∠11, 164∠8, 48∠2, 357∠6, 333∠9, 305∠6.
	5	196∠12	220∠17, 228∠16, 206∠15, 200∠19, 180∠26, 190∠22, 192∠26, 195∠25, 154∠27, 168∠27, 172∠29, 170∠27, 186∠12, 204∠9.	274∠8, 275∠9, 232∠4, 207∠8, 168∠15, 184∠10, 189∠14, 193∠13, 130∠19, 149∠17, 155∠18, 151∠17, 120∠2, 344∠4.
	6	127∠16	170∠17, 171∠16, 190∠15, 167∠15, 164∠14, 162∠19, 162∠20, 145∠18.	239∠11, 240∠12, 250∠16, 238∠10, 219∠10, 209∠11, 204∠5, 278∠19.
	7	102∠10	275∠9, 257∠9, 240∠12, 239∠8, 267∠9, 265∠8, 264∠9, 260∠9, 250∠8, 274∠17, 268∠18, 267∠17, 275∠18, 297∠16, 277∠15, 274∠14, 286∠14, 280∠10, 267∠12, 230∠14, 235∠15, 235∠14, 229∠16, 240∠11, 239∠11.	278∠19, 271∠19, 260∠12, 262∠17, 274∠19, 274∠18, 272∠20, 273∠18, 267∠18, 277∠28, 273∠30, 272∠28, 278∠28, 292∠26, 279∠26, 283∠22, 284∠24, 281∠20, 273∠22, 252∠22, 252∠24, 254∠22, 249∠24, 259∠20, 260∠20.
	8	102∠10	5∠16, 355∠20, 4∠24, 353∠20, 0∠22, 4∠19, 4∠17, 357∠17.	37∠18, 23∠19, 26∠24, 20∠20, 26∠22, 33∠20, 36∠18, 30∠18.
	9	65∠5	140∠21, 156∠25, 167∠26, 155∠27, 149∠26, 154∠26, 150∠24.	129∠23, 145∠26, 158∠26, 145∠28, 140∠27, 145∠27, 140∠25.
	10	65∠5	151∠13, 155∠18, 147∠23, 147∠21, 144∠23, 144∠17, 147∠19, 179∠25, 185∠22, 184∠24, 179∠20, 167∠27, 156∠26, 155∠19.	132∠16, 141∠19, 136∠24, 137∠27, 134∠25, 138∠19, 136∠21, 168∠24, 174∠20, 173∠22, 165∠19, 157∠26, 145∠26, 142∠20.
	11	123∠8	235∠16, 231∠13, 243∠19, 245∠21, 257∠22, 256∠24, 251∠22, 250∠21, 250∠20, 248∠18, 243∠19, 194∠9, 221∠13, 224∠25, 214∠19, 222∠19.	205∠16, 196∠13, 219∠16, 223∠18, 235∠18, 266∠30, 264∠28, 263∠27, 264∠26, 263∠23, 260∠24, 245∠10, 252∠17, 240∠28, 235∠20, 243∠21.
	12	114∠52	136∠43, 137∠43, 133∠44, 126∠52, 118∠57, 121∠59, 120∠57, 119∠56, 120∠55, 124∠53, 128∠54, 127∠49.	239∠19, 244∠20, 247∠17, 221∠10, 155∠4, 163∠7, 169∠5, 163∠6, 175∠6, 196∠8, 196∠12, 224∠11.
	13	118∠50	124∠47, 123∠45, 130∠45, 129∠43, 130∠40, 135∠39, 135∠37, 135∠39, 134∠36, 130∠40, 134∠33, 131∠41.	254∠5, 258∠6, 245∠10, 259∠10, 264∠13, 258∠16, 263∠17, 257∠16, 267∠18, 259∠13, 271∠19, 263∠13.
拉什仲北山剖面槽模	14	98∠26	S54W	245
	15	63∠8	S117W, S89W, S105W	269.5, 242, 285
	16	59∠62	S124W, S118W, S130W, S134W, S97W, S145W, S121W, S153W.	273, 267, 279, 282, 247, 294, 270, 302
	17	39∠20	S116W, S118W	245, 247
	18	45∠21	S96W, S101W, S120W	232, 237, 255
	19	51∠26	S43W, S67W, S18W, S93W, S107W, S100W	182, 208, 159, 232, 248, 241
	20	33∠25	S94W, S76W, S86W, S60W, S87W, S90W, S26W	218, 199, 209, 184, 210, 213, 150
	21	45∠21	S91W, S103W, S56W	226, 238.5, 191
	22	55∠24	S82W, S78W, S118W, S96W, S90W, S88W, S89W, S110W, S117W.	226, 223, 263, 241, 235, 233, 234, 255, 262
	23	51∠24	S109W, S105W, S116W, S112W, S106W, S62W, S106W, S99W.	250, 246, 267, 263, 247, 233, 247, 240
	24	45∠23	S99W, S87W, S96W, S34W, S103W, S135W, S121W, S104W.	235, 222, 232, 169.5, 239, 269.5, 256, 240
	25	31∠20	S50W, S85W, S75W, S80W	171, 206, 196, 201
	26	26∠21	S50W, S55W, S35W	171, 166, 151
	27	62∠22	N55W, N85W	277, 248
	28	52∠20	S55W	198
	29	30∠18	N45W	255
	30	26∠19	S70W, S70W	184, 184
	31	50∠16	S70W, S60W, N70W	210, 200, 250
	32	33∠18	S80W	202
注:26∠19表示倾向26°, 倾角19°; 槽模只有测量夹角和校正后方位, S70W表示从南走向方位向西测得夹角为70°, 单位为度(°).

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