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    辽西金羊盆地北票组孢粉组合及其时代和古气候意义

    刘淼 张渝金 孙守亮 陈井胜 李斌 杨帆 张涛 汪岩 吴振

    刘淼, 张渝金, 孙守亮, 陈井胜, 李斌, 杨帆, 张涛, 汪岩, 吴振, 2019. 辽西金羊盆地北票组孢粉组合及其时代和古气候意义. 地球科学, 44(10): 3393-3408. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.152
    引用本文: 刘淼, 张渝金, 孙守亮, 陈井胜, 李斌, 杨帆, 张涛, 汪岩, 吴振, 2019. 辽西金羊盆地北票组孢粉组合及其时代和古气候意义. 地球科学, 44(10): 3393-3408. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.152
    Liu Miao, Zhang Yujin, Sun Shouliang, Chen Jingsheng, Li Bin, Yang Fan, Zhang Tao, Wang Yan, Wu Zhen, 2019. Palynological Assemblages of Beipiao Formation in Jinyang Basin of West Liaoning, and Their Age and Paleoclimatic Significances. Earth Science, 44(10): 3393-3408. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.152
    Citation: Liu Miao, Zhang Yujin, Sun Shouliang, Chen Jingsheng, Li Bin, Yang Fan, Zhang Tao, Wang Yan, Wu Zhen, 2019. Palynological Assemblages of Beipiao Formation in Jinyang Basin of West Liaoning, and Their Age and Paleoclimatic Significances. Earth Science, 44(10): 3393-3408. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.152

    辽西金羊盆地北票组孢粉组合及其时代和古气候意义

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.152
    基金项目: 

    中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20160201-05

    中国地质调查局地质调查项目 12120114055501

    中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20190042-04

    国家自然科学青年基金项目 41702032

    中国地质调查局地质调查项目 12120113053400

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      刘淼(1989—), 男, 硕士, 工程师, 研究方向为地层学

      通讯作者:

      张渝金(1984—)

    • 中图分类号: P52;P532

    Palynological Assemblages of Beipiao Formation in Jinyang Basin of West Liaoning, and Their Age and Paleoclimatic Significances

    • 摘要: 金羊盆地内的北票组是辽西地区重要的含煤及生烃潜力层,确定其时代和古气候环境对进一步研究北票组有非常重要的意义.在坤头营子地区北票组剖面中采集到20件孢粉样品进行孢粉学研究,并对侵入北票组的花岗斑岩及该组地层下部的兴隆沟组安山岩进行了锆石U-Pb同位素测年.系统的分析、鉴定和研究表明:北票组自下而上可划分为3个孢粉组合,下部以Monosulcites-Chasmatosporites-Polycingulatisporites为代表,中部以Protopinus-Paleoconiferus-Alisporites为代表,上部以Monosulcites-Protopinus-Paleoconiferus为代表.锆石U-Pb同位素测年结果分别为172.6 Ma和189 Ma.最终确定北票组的形成时代为早侏罗世中、晚期,自下而上反映了从半湿润的北亚热带气候向湿润的温带气候转变的特征.

       

    • 图  1  研究区地质略图及化石采样点

      1.第四系;2.沙海组;3.义县组;4.土城子组;5.髫髻山组;6.海房沟组;7.北票组;8.兴隆沟组;9.二叠系地层;10.奥陶系地层;11.寒武系地层;12.雾迷山组;13.杨庄组;14.高于庄组;15.中元古代辉绿岩;16.中侏罗世花岗斑岩;17.剖面位置;18.孢粉采样位置;19.同位素采样位置;20.断层.据沈阳地质调查中心(2017)辽宁1:5万台吉、他拉皋、七道领、十二台营子幅区域地质调查项目资料

      Fig.  1.  Sketch geological map of the research area and the fossil sampling positions

      图  2  金羊盆地下侏罗统北票组地层实测剖面及采样位置

      1.灰岩;2.复成分砾岩;3.砾岩;4.含砾砂岩;5.含砾岩屑砂岩;6.岩屑长石砂岩;7.岩屑砂岩;8.粉砂岩;9.泥质粉砂岩;10.粉砂质泥岩;11.泥岩;12.花岗斑岩;13.逆断层;14.孢粉采样位置;15.第四系;16.北票组;17.雾迷山组;18.中侏罗世花岗斑岩

      Fig.  2.  Stratigraphic section and sampling location of the Lower Jurassic Beipiao Formation in Jinyang basin

      图  3  北票组孢粉组合Ⅰ的主要分子

      1. Cyclogranisporites sp.圆形粒面孢(未定种);2. Granulatisporites sp.三角粒面孢(未定种);3. Retusotriletes sp.弓脊孢(未定种);4. Gleicheniidites sp.里白孢(未定种);5. Klukisporites sp.克鲁克孢(未定种);6. Polycingulatisporites triangularis (Bolkh.) Playford et Dettmann, 1965三角多环孢;7-8.Alisporites parvus De Jersey, 1962微小阿里粉;9-10. Monosulcites minimus Cookson, 1947小单远极沟粉;11-13. Monosulcites enormis Jain, 1968不规则单远极沟粉;14. Cycadopites formosus Singh, 1964美丽苏铁粉;15-20. Cycadopites carpentieri (Delc. et Sprum.) Singh, 1964卡城苏铁粉 21. Chasmatosporites hians Nilsson, 1958敞开广口粉;22-23. Chasmatosporites triangularis Li, Duan et Du, 1982三角广口粉;24. Classopollis sp.克拉梭粉(未定种);25.Piceites expositus Bolkh., 1956开放拟云杉粉;26. Podocarpidites multicinus (Bolkh.) Pocock, 1970多分罗汉松粉;27. Protopinus subluteus Bolkh., 1956浅黄原始松粉

      Fig.  3.  Main elements of the sporopollen assemblageⅠfrom the Beipiao Formation

      图  4  北票组孢粉组合Ⅱ的主要分子

      1.Toroisporis sp.具唇孢(未定种);2-3. Cyclogranisporites sp.圆形粒面孢(未定种);4-5. Monosulcites enormis Jain, 1968不规则单远极沟粉;6-7. Chasmatosporites hians Nilsson, 1958敞开广口粉;8-9. Pinuspollenites divulgatus (Bolkh.) Qu, 1980普通双束松粉;10. Pinuspollenites globosaccus Filatoff, 1975球囊双束松粉;11-13. Alisporites parvus De Jersey, 1962微小阿里粉;14. Piceites expositus Bolkh., 1956开放拟云杉粉;15. Pseudopicea variabiliformis (Mal.) Bolkh., 1956多变假云杉粉;16. Pseudopicea rotundiformis (Mal.) Bolkh., 1956圆形假云杉粉;17-20. Piceites enodis Bolkh., 1956圆滑拟云杉粉;21. Pseudopinus pectinella Bolkh., 1956梳形假松粉;22. Pseudopinus sp.假松粉(未定种);23 Paleoconiferus sp.古松柏粉(未定种)

      Fig.  4.  Main elements of the sporopollen assemblageⅡfrom the Beipiao Formation

      图  5  北票组孢粉组合Ⅱ的主要分子

      1-3. Podocarpidites multicinus (Bolkh.) Pocock, 1970多分罗汉松粉;4. Podocarpidites sp.罗汉松粉(未定种);5. Platysaccus proximus (Bolkh.) Song, 2000紧接蝶囊粉;6. Platysaccus luteus (Bolkh.) Li et Shang, 1980金黄蝶囊粉;7. Piceites arxanensis (Hua) Song comb.nov阿尔善拟云杉粉;8. Quadraeculina sp.四字粉(未定种);9. Pityosporites sp.松型粉(未定种);10-12. Psophosphaera sp.皱球粉(未定种);13. Klausipollenites sp.克劳斯双囊粉(未定种);14. Pristinuspollenites sp.原始双囊粉(未定种);15-19. Protopinus latebrosa Bolkh., 1965隐匿原始松粉;20. Protopinus sp.原始松粉(未定种);21. Chasmatosporites hians Nilsson敞开广口粉

      Fig.  5.  Main elements of the sporopollen assemblageⅡfrom the Beipiao Formation

      图  6  北票组孢粉组合Ⅲ的主要分子

      1-2. Chasmatosporites hians Nilsson, 1958敞开广口粉;3-4. Piceites expositus Bolkh., 1956开放拟云杉粉;5. Pinuspollenites globosaccus Filatoff, 1975球囊双束松粉;6-9. Piceites enodis Bolkh., 1956圆滑拟云杉粉;10-12. Protoconiferus flavus Bolkh., 1956黄色原始松柏粉;13. Paleoconiferus sp.古松柏粉(未定种);14. Pseudowalchia sp.假瓦契杉粉(未定种);15-17. Protopinus subluteus Bolkh., 1956浅黄原始松粉;18-20. Protopinus latebrosa Bolkh., 1965隐匿原始松粉;21. Monosulcites sp.单远极沟粉(未定种)

      Fig.  6.  Main elements of the sporopollen assemblage Ⅲ from the Beipiao Formation

      图  7  中侏罗世花岗斑岩侵入北票组及花岗斑岩镜下特征

      Fig.  7.  Microphotographs under single polarizer of Middle Jurassic granite porphyry in the Beipiao Formation

      图  8  花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图(a)及阴极发光图像(b)

      Fig.  8.  Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams (a) and CL images (b) for granitic porphyry

      表  1  北票组孢粉母体植物生态

      Table  1.   Ecology table of sporopollen parent plant from the Beipiao Formation

      孢粉名称 植被类型 气候类型 干湿度类型
      蕨类植物孢子
      Cyclogranisporites 灌木 热带-温带 湿生
      Klukisporites 灌木 热带 湿生
      Biretisporites 草本 沼生
      Toroisporis 草本 热带-亚热带 湿生
      Leiotriletes 草本 热带-亚热带 湿生
      Neoraistrickia 草本 热带-温带 中生
      Gleicheniidites 草木 热带-亚热带 湿生
      Baculatisporites 灌木 热带-温带 湿生
      Dictyophyllidites 灌木 热带-亚热带 湿生
      Todisporites 草本 热带-亚热带 湿生
      Polycingulatisporites 草本 热带-亚热带 旱生
      孢子亲缘关系不明
      Granulatisporites
      Undulatisporites
      Verrucosisporites
      Retusotriletes
      Lunzisporites
      裸子植物花粉
      Alisporites 针叶 温带 中生
      Abietineaepollenites 针叶 热带-温带 中生
      Pinuspollenites 针叶 热带-温带 中生
      Podocarpidites 针叶 热带 湿生
      Platysaccus 针叶 热带 湿生
      Piceaepollenites 针叶 热带-亚热带 湿生
      Pseudopicea 针叶 热带-亚热带 湿生
      Pityosporites 针叶 热带-温带 中生
      Pseudopinus 针叶 热带-温带 中生
      Pseudowalchia 针叶 温带 湿生
      Protopinus 针叶 温带 中生
      Protoconiferus 针叶 温带 中生
      Paleoconiferus 针叶 温带 湿生
      Quadraeculina 针叶 温带 中生
      Piceites 针叶 热带-亚热 中生
      Perinopollenites 针叶 温带 中生
      Perinopollenites 针叶 温带 中生
      Cedripites 针叶 亚热 中生
      Psophosphaera 针叶 热带-温带 中生
      Protopodocarpus 针叶 温带 中生
      Cycadopites 阔叶 热带-温带 中生
      Monosulcites 落叶阔叶 热带-亚热带 中生
      Classopollis 针叶 热带-亚热带 旱生
      Chasmatosporites 阔叶 热带-亚热带 中生
      花粉亲缘关系不明
      Klausipollenites
      Araucariacites
      Taeniaesporites
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  金羊盆地北票组植被类型

      Table  2.   Vegetation reconstruction for Beipiao Formation, Jinyang basin

      孢粉组合 反映各植被类型的孢粉含量(%) 植被类型
      针叶 常绿阔叶 落叶阔叶 灌木 草木 其他
      组合Ⅰ 23.99 4.87 24.98 36.25 1.23 8.68 灌木、针阔叶混交林
      组合Ⅱ 85.89 0.07 5.00 4.31 3.43 1.30 针叶林
      组合Ⅲ 75.32 0 18.91 2.24 0.68 2.84 针叶林
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  金羊盆地北票组干湿度类型

      Table  3.   Humidity reconstruction for Beipiao Formation, Jinyang basin

      孢粉组合 反映各干湿类型的孢粉含量(%) 干湿度类型
      旱生 中生 湿生 沼生 水生 其他
      组合Ⅰ 0.34 33.72 17.79 38.25 0 6.45 半湿润
      组合Ⅱ 0 12.23 78.66 4.31 0.46 4.34 湿润
      组合Ⅲ 0.32 23.08 70.83 2.24 0 3.53 湿润
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  4  金羊盆地北票组气温带类型

      Table  4.   Temperature zone reconstruction for Beipiao Formation, Jinyang basin

      孢粉组合 反映各气温带类型的孢粉含量(%) 气温带类型
      热带 热带-亚热带 亚热带 热带-温带 温带 其他
      组合Ⅰ 7.72 25.00 38.25 4.19 15.44 9.40 北亚热带
      组合Ⅱ 4.73 5.01 4.31 7.19 73.94 4.82 温带
      组合Ⅲ 1.28 19.23 2.24 4.17 69.55 3.53 温带
      下载: 导出CSV
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