Discovery of the Large Early Platform Margin of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in Central and Northeast Sichuan Basin and Its Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration
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摘要: 为进一步查明绵阳-长宁拉张槽东侧震旦系灯影组优质碳酸盐岩储层分布、探索新的勘探领域，利用髙石梯-磨溪灯影组的钻井、测井和高精度三维地震资料，采用海侵-海退旋回、层拉平、地震线描及印模法等，识别出灯影组大型早期台缘带及其内部构型.在拉张槽东部的南东-北西向地震剖面上，首次发现灯影组三段对应的三级层序（SQ3）内部普遍发育数个自南东向北西进积的前积体，前积体呈S型、丘型或短轴状，前积体顶部可见SQ4海侵体系域的系列上超点和一个明显的坡折点，越过坡折点向北西SQ3厚度急剧减薄.表明在绵阳-长宁拉张槽东部的碳酸盐岩台地内，存在一个自高石梯开始，经由磨溪、龙女寺、南充、蓬安，向北东一直延伸至龙岗地区中部，长约270 km的大型早期台缘带.这一大型台缘带的发现将为研究区灯影组油气勘探提供一个新的领域，而不再局限于绵阳-长宁拉张槽附近.Abstract: This study focuses on the distribution of high-quality carbonate reservoirs and new exploration areas in the Dengying Formation (Sinian) on the eastern side of Mianyang-Changning intracratonic sag. Using drilling, logging and seismic data in the Gaoshiti-Moxi, we identify the large early platform margin of Dengying Formation and characterize its internal configuration, based on the theories including the transgression-regression cycle analysis, the layer flattening, the seismic line drawing, the impression method paleogeomorphology, and quality reservoir prediction. It is found that, on the SE-NW seismic profile in the east of Mianyang-Changning intracratonic sag, there are several progradation reflections identified for the first time within the third sequence (SQ3) of Dengying Formation, which prograded from southeast to northwest with a S-shaped, mound or short axis in cross section. At the top of these progradation reflections, there are an obvious slope break point and a series of onlap points of SQ4 transgressive system tract. The thickness of SQ3 from the slope break point to the northwest is sharply thinned and wedge-shaped. The results show that there is a large early platform margin belt about 270 km long in the carbonate platform in the east of Mianyang-Changning extensional trough, which starts from the Gaoshiti, extends northeastward to the middle of Longgang area through Moxi, Longnvsi, Nanchong and Peng'an areas. The discovery of this large platform marginal zone will provide a new area for the oil and gas exploration of the Dengying Formation in the study area, and it will no longer be limited to the vicinity of Mianyang-Changning intracratonic sag.
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Key words:
- Gaoshiti-Moxi /
- Dengying Formatiom /
- early platform margin /
- sequence stratigraphy /
- progradation /
- petroleum geology
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图 1 研究区位置及地层综合柱状图
a.研究区概要图；b.高石梯-磨溪灯顶构造叠合分区图；c.四川盆地构造区划图；d.研究区岩性地层单元与三级层序单元对比.TST.海侵体系域；RST.海退体系域；MFS.最大海泛面
Fig. 1. Location of study area and comprehensive stratigraphic column
图 2 W1井地层综合柱状图及井震标定结果
TST.海侵体系域；RST.海退体系域；MFS.最大海泛面
Fig. 2. Comprehensive stratigraphic column and well-seismic calibration result of Well W1
图 3 磨溪（a）、龙女寺（b）、蓬安（c）及龙岗（d）地区早期台缘地震反射特征
BB’、CC’、DD’和EE’测线的位置见图 1a
Fig. 3. Seismic reflection characteristics of the early platform margin belt in Moxi (a), Longnvsi (b), Peng'an (c)and Longgang (d) areas
图 4 髙石梯-磨溪地区SQ3-SQ4层序地层内部结构解剖图
a.原始地震剖面；b.地震剖面叠合构造及层序解释成果；c.构造及层序解释成果；d.构造及层序解释成果去断层模式化成果
Fig. 4. Internal structure analysis of SQ3 and SQ4 in Gaoshiti-Moxi area
图 5 过W6-W7-W8-W5-W9连井地层对比
孔隙度测井曲线（POR）取值为≥3%的有效储层
Fig. 5. Stratigraphic correlation among W6, W7, W8, W5 and W9 wells
图 6 研究区灯影组典型岩心照片
a.岩溶角砾岩，W8井，4 972.30~4 972.42 m；b.藻凝块云岩，W7井，5 034.66~5 034.93 m；c.藻叠层云岩，W8井，4 932.31~4 932.54 m；d.藻纹层，W9井，5 188.62~5 188.75 m；e.岩溶角砾岩和泥质风化壳产物，W10井，5 168.34 m；f.风化壳泥质充填，W9井，5 297.73 m
Fig. 6. Typical cores of Dengying Formation in study area
图 7 川中-川东北灯影组早期台缘带的沉积古地貌图（a）及岩相古地理图（b）
Fig. 7. Sedimentary paleogeomorphology(a)and lithofacies paleogeography(b)of the early platform margin belt of Dengying Formation in Central and Northeast Sichuan Basin
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