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    南大西洋中段共轭盐盆盐构造变形期次对比及意义

    章雨 李江海 程鹏

    章雨, 李江海, 程鹏, 2021. 南大西洋中段共轭盐盆盐构造变形期次对比及意义. 地球科学, 46(6): 2218-2229. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.033
    引用本文: 章雨, 李江海, 程鹏, 2021. 南大西洋中段共轭盐盆盐构造变形期次对比及意义. 地球科学, 46(6): 2218-2229. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.033
    Zhang Yu, Li Jianghai, Cheng Peng, 2021. Comparison of Salt Structure Deformation Periods of Conjugated Salt Basins in Central Segment of South Atlantic. Earth Science, 46(6): 2218-2229. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.033
    Citation: Zhang Yu, Li Jianghai, Cheng Peng, 2021. Comparison of Salt Structure Deformation Periods of Conjugated Salt Basins in Central Segment of South Atlantic. Earth Science, 46(6): 2218-2229. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.033

    南大西洋中段共轭盐盆盐构造变形期次对比及意义

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.033
    基金项目: 

    国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发”项目 2016ZX05033002

    国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发”项目 2016ZX05033001

    中石化科技部项目 P18090-2

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      章雨(1995-), 男, 硕士, 现主要从事构造及石油地质研究.ORCID: 0000-0002-6948-0730.E-mail: 2892122872@qq.com

      通讯作者:

      李江海, E-mail: jhli@pku.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P542

    Comparison of Salt Structure Deformation Periods of Conjugated Salt Basins in Central Segment of South Atlantic

    • 摘要: 南大西洋中段被动陆缘含盐盆地群是全球油气储量快速增长的地区,阿普特阶盐岩的分布及构造变形对该区油气成藏产生了重要影响.在前人地震及重磁资料基础上,沿热刺转换断裂带选取圣埃斯皮里图和宽扎这组典型共轭盐盆,平面上在Gplates软件中叠合布格重力异常数据进行板块构造重建,剖面上应用Move软件进行平衡恢复,根据反演结果设计正演模型,进行物理模拟对比实验.在重力滑脱及重力扩展作用下,盆地内形成了伸展-过渡-挤压的盐构造分带,而底板斜坡倾角、基底伸展量、前缘阻挡、盐上沉积载荷及同沉积速率等因素,造成了共轭盆地间盐构造变形过程的差异性.盐构造变形过程可分为盐构造初期变形阶段(阿普特期-阿尔比早期)和盐构造继承性发育阶段(两期,阿尔比晚期-古近纪早期和古近纪晚期-现今):(1)阿普特期-阿尔比早期,圣埃斯皮里图和宽扎盆地初始为统一盐盆,盐盆东侧强烈伸展,形成伸展区断裂及盐筏,同时盐盆逐渐一分为二并形成外部高地带,盐岩重力变形逐渐减慢.(2)阿尔比晚期-古近纪早期,圣埃斯皮里图盆地外部高地带继承性隆起,盐岩垂向上浮迁移;宽扎盆地厚层盐高原隆起,盐岩越过外部高地带形成逆冲推覆体.(3)古近纪晚期-现今,圣埃斯皮里图盆地基底稳定热沉降,盐构造继承性发育,整个盆地盐岩呈现垂向迁移特征;宽扎盆地靠陆端基底一定规模构造抬升,盐岩向海运输重建,伸展区盐筏进一步发育成盐滚,过渡区及挤压区盐底辟持续上拱,逆冲推覆体继续发育并在盐上层形成大量断裂及褶皱,整个盆地盐岩不断向坡下聚集且构造分带性明显.

       

    • 图  1  南大西洋中段含盐盆地分布及剖面位置示意

      地形数据来源Weatherall et al.(2015);投影方式:等距圆柱投影;参考坐标系:GCS_WGS_1984

      Fig.  1.  The sketch map of the distribution of salt basins in the central segment of the South Atlantic and the profile location of the study area

      图  2  南大西洋中段古板块再造与布格重力异常叠合图

      a.裂谷期;b.过渡期;c.漂移期;布格重力异常数据来源Balmino et al.(2012)Bonvalot et al.(2012);投影方式:等距圆柱投影;参考坐标系:GCS_WGS_1984

      Fig.  2.  Plate reconstruction and Bouguer gravity anomaly in the central segment of the South Atlantic

      图  3  圣埃斯皮里图盆地(a)和宽扎盆地(b)原始地震剖面

      a.圣埃斯皮里图盆地,据Blaich et al.(2011)修改;b.宽扎盆地,据Marton et al.(2000)修改;剖面位置见图 1

      Fig.  3.  Seismic profiles of the Espirito Santo basin (a) and the Kwanza basin(b)

      图  4  南大西洋中段共轭盐盆平衡剖面恢复图

      现今剖面a解释自图 3;参考文献Marton et al.(2000)Blaich et al.(2011)

      Fig.  4.  Restoration of balanced profile of conjugated salt basins in the central segment of the South Atlantic

      图  5  圣埃斯皮里图盆地盐构造物理模拟模型图(纵向比例尺夸大2倍)

      Fig.  5.  The simulation model of salt structures in the Espirito Santo basin

      图  6  宽扎盆地盐构造物理模拟模型图(纵向比例尺夸大2倍)

      Fig.  6.  The simulation model of salt structures in the Kwanza basin

      图  7  模型一模拟过程平面

      Fig.  7.  The top view of model-1 in the simulation process

      图  8  模型一模拟结果L1剖面图

      a.原始剖面;b.解释剖面(纵向比例尺夸大2倍)

      Fig.  8.  The L1 cross-sectional view of the model-1 results

      图  9  模型一模拟结果L2剖面图

      a.原始剖面;b.解释剖面(纵向比例尺夸大2倍)

      Fig.  9.  The L2 cross-sectional view of the model-1 results

      图  10  模型二模拟过程平面图

      Fig.  10.  The top view of model-2 in the simulation process

      图  11  模型二模拟结果L3剖面图

      a.原始剖面;b.解释剖面(纵向比例尺夸大2倍)

      Fig.  11.  The L3 cross-sectional view of the model-2 results

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