A Case Study of Barrovian Metamorphic Zone of Langzishan Formation of Northern Liaohe Group, Liaodong Peninsula
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摘要: 巴罗式递增变质带能为地壳增厚及造山作用带来全新的认识.为了解辽东半岛北辽河群浪子山组内巴罗式变质带的野外分布和变质特征，对本溪地区连山关-祁家堡巴罗式变质带进行了详细的野外调查和室内研究工作.野外填图表明，浪子山组巴罗式变质带由南向北可以分为黑云母带、石榴石带、十字石带和蓝晶石带.岩相学研究表明，蓝晶石带的蓝晶十字石榴云母片岩保存了3阶段的矿物组合：（1）进变质阶段（M1）矿物组合为Pl+Qz+Ms+Bt+Ctd+Chl±Grt；（2）峰期变质阶段（M2）以Ky+St+Grt+Bt+Ms+Qz+Pl+Ilm为特征；（3）退变质阶段以毛发状的矽线石（M3-1）和变斑晶边缘或裂隙处生长的绿泥石和绢云母为特征（M3-2）.相平衡模拟表明，蓝晶十字石榴云母片岩所经历的进变质和峰期变质温压条件分别为~440℃/~3.7 kbar，~670℃/~7.9 kbar，具有典型的顺时针P-T轨迹.变质锆石U-Pb定年结果得到蓝晶十字石榴云母片岩经历了~1.96 Ga的峰期变质作用；碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布于2 631~2 020 Ma，浪子山组蓝晶十字石榴云母片岩碎屑物源可能来自于太古宙基底（~2.5 Ga）和2.2~2.1 Ga的岩浆岩.结合前人研究资料表明，浪子山组巴罗式变质带所记录的P-T-t轨迹以及大量的逆冲推覆构造揭示了胶-辽-吉带在~1.96 Ga经历了与造山作用相关的地壳增厚过程.Abstract: Barrovian-type progressive metamorphism could lead to a new understanding of crustal thickening and orogenesis. We conduct a detailed field survey and indoor researches about the Barrovian metamorphic zone of the Lianshanguan-Qijiabao of the Benxi area, to understand better of field distribution and metamorphic characteristics of Barrovian metamorphic zone which is located at the Langzishan Formation of the North Liaohe Group in Liaodong Peninsula. The Barrovian metamorphic zone in the Langzishan Formation is divided into biotite zone, garnet zone, staurolite zone, kyanite zone from south to north, according to detailed field mapping. The analysis of petrography suggests kyanite-staurolite-garnet mica-schist of kyanite zone has three stages mineral assemblages:(1) Progressive metamorphic mineral assemblages (M1) are Pl+Qz+Ms+Bt+Ctd+Chl±Grt; (2) metamorphic peak (M2) is characterized by Ky+St+Grt+Bt+Ms+Qz+Pl+Ilm; (3) retrograde metamorphic stage mainly has trichoid sillimanite (M3-1) and chlorite and sericite around rims and cracks of porphyroblasts (M3-2). Phase equilibrium modeling shows metamorphic P-T of progressive metamorphic stage and peak stage of kyanite-staurolite-garnet mica-schist are respectively ~440 ℃/~3.7 kbar, ~670 ℃/~7.9 kbar, and the rock has a typical clockwise P-T path. The results of U-Pb geochronology of metamorphic zircons indicate kyanite-staurolite-garnet mica-schist has experienced peak metamorphism at ~1.96 Ga; these ages of U-Pb detrital zircons are scattered among 2 631-2 020 Ma, indicating the clastic sediments may be from an ancient Archean basement of ~2.5 Ga and magmatic rocks of 2.2-2.1 Ga. Combined with previous research data, the clockwise P-T-t path and thrusting nappe structure recorded by the Barrovian metamorphic zone of the Langzishan Formation represent Jiao-Liao-Ji belt has experienced crustal thickening produced by orogenesis around 1.96 Ga.
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图 1 华北克拉通大地构造划分图（据Zhao et al., 2005修改）
由西向东依次为孔兹岩带、中部造山带和胶-辽-吉带；图 2标注于此图
Fig. 1. Tectonic subdivision of the North China Craton (modified from Zhao et al., 2005)
图 2 丹东－本溪地质简图
图修改自辽宁省第一区域地质测量队二分队（1971）完成的中华人民共和国地质图1:20万辽阳幅K⁃51⁃XXVII；研究区（图 3a）位于红框内；样品D1034⁃6和18FLY12标记在图中
Fig. 2. Geological map of the Dandong-Benxi region
图 3 连山关－祁家堡地区巴罗式变质带分布（a）和该区域典型的巴罗式变质带剖面（b）
样品D1013、D1024⁃1和D1028⁃2标记在图a中.图a可见巴罗式变质作用呈由南向北递增的趋势，依次为黑云母带、石榴石带、十字石带和蓝晶石带；图b可见巴罗式变质带受逆冲推覆构造影响，呈叠瓦状分布
Fig. 3. The distribution of Barrovian metamorphic zone (a) in the Lianshanguan-Qijiabao and typical profile of Barrovian metamorphic zone in this area (b)
图 4 巴罗式变质带代表性的野外照片
a.黑云母带二云母片岩；b.石榴石带石榴云母片岩；c.十字石带十字石榴云母片岩；d.蓝晶石带蓝晶十字石榴云母片岩
Fig. 4. Representative field photos of Barrovian metamorphic zone
图 5 代表性巴罗式变质带的镜下照片
a.黑云母带特征及矿物组合；b.石榴石带特征及矿物组合；c.十字石带特征及矿物组合；d.蓝晶石带特征及矿物组合；e.蓝晶石带退变质现象；f.黑云母退变为绿泥石和毛发状矽线石
Fig. 5. Representative photomicrographs of Barrovian metamorphic zone
图 6 样品D1034-6石榴子石显微照片(a)、成分剖面示意图(b)和分析结果投图(c)
Fig. 6. Photomicrographs (a), chemical zoning profile (b) and analysis result plotting (c) of garnet of sample D1034-6
图 7 蓝晶十字石榴云母片岩（样品D1034-6）的P⁃T视剖面
峰期矿物组合被标红；所有区域都含有水和石英
Fig. 7. P⁃T pseudosection of kyanite-staurolite-garnet mica-schist (sample D1034-6)
图 9 蓝晶十字石榴云母片岩：(a)U-Pb谐和图；(b)年龄分布直方图；(c)变质锆石U-Pb谐和图；(d)加权平均年龄图
Fig. 9. The U-Pb concordia diagram (a), the age distributions diagram of Kyanite-staurolite-garnet-mica-schist (b); the U-Pb concordia diagram (c) and the weighted average diagram (d) of metamorphic zircons of kyanite-staurolite-garnet mica-schist
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