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    北京南观地区构造组合特征及成因机制

    续海金 王国庆 舒坦 刘德民

    续海金, 王国庆, 舒坦, 刘德民, 2021. 北京南观地区构造组合特征及成因机制. 地球科学, 46(5): 1657-1676. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.147
    引用本文: 续海金, 王国庆, 舒坦, 刘德民, 2021. 北京南观地区构造组合特征及成因机制. 地球科学, 46(5): 1657-1676. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.147
    Xu Haijin, Wang Guoqing, Shu Tan, Liu Demin, 2021. Tectonic Pattern and Genetic Mechanism at Nanguan Area, West Hill of Beijing. Earth Science, 46(5): 1657-1676. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.147
    Citation: Xu Haijin, Wang Guoqing, Shu Tan, Liu Demin, 2021. Tectonic Pattern and Genetic Mechanism at Nanguan Area, West Hill of Beijing. Earth Science, 46(5): 1657-1676. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.147

    北京南观地区构造组合特征及成因机制

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.147
    基金项目: 

    中国地质大学(武汉)2019年第二批本科教学工程项目 ZL201925

    国家自然科学基金项目 42072058

    国家自然科学基金项目 41772054

    国家自然科学基金项目 41572039

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      续海金(1976-),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事岩石学与造山带研究. ORCID: 0000-0002-7648-6655. E-mail: xuhaijin@cug.edu.cn

      通讯作者:

      续海金, ORCID: 0000-0002-7648-6655.E-mail: xuhaijin@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P54

    Tectonic Pattern and Genetic Mechanism at Nanguan Area, West Hill of Beijing

    • 摘要: 北京西山地区广泛发育SE-NW向近乎同时期的逆冲推覆构造和伸展构造,为理解华北克拉通东部构造演化至关重要,而其构造组合特征、变形时代、形成机制和构造动力学背景却没有明确的认识.精细的野外构造研究表明北京西山的南观地区,发育逆冲推覆构造+变质核杂岩的构造组合,形成一种新的构造组合型式:“楔沉式”.“楔沉式”构造组合型式的特征:(1)产状相近的一套逆冲断层和正断层,共同构成上窄下宽的楔状褶皱-断层构造;(2)楔状体斜向向下楔入;(3)中间为比较新的地层(倒转向斜),两侧为老的地层.通过对卷入逆冲推覆构造呈“布丁状”透镜体产出的花岗岩脉和闪长玢岩脉进行锆石U-Pb年代学研究,其形成年龄分别为141±2 Ma和139±2 Ma.结合前人对侵入逆冲推覆构造的(南窖)石英二长岩岩枝的形成时代(128~136 Ma),认为南观逆冲推覆构造的形成时代为140~130 Ma,稍早于、或与房山变质核杂岩的形成时代近乎同时.逆冲推覆方向为320°~335°,与变质核杂岩代表的伸展构造的最大拉伸方向(SE-NW向)近乎一致.因此,北京西山地区(乃至华北克拉通东部)晚中生代逆冲构造-岩浆活动-伸展构造,这种独特的构造组合型式是构造体制从挤压向伸展转换的体现,也是华北克拉通破坏的构造体现,其形成机制可能与太平洋板块的俯冲紧密相关.

       

    • 图  1  华北克拉通地质简图(a)和北京西山南部区域地质构造略图(b)

      a.据Wang et al.(2011)修改; b. 据舒坦等(2019)修改. 1. 第四系; 2. 白垩系; 3. 侏罗系; 4. 三叠系‒石炭系; 5. 寒武系‒奥陶系; 6. 新元古界青白口系; 7. 中元古界蓟县系; 8. 早元古界长城系; 9. 太古宇官地杂岩; 10. 房山花岗闪长岩体; 11. 背斜轴迹; 12. 向斜轴迹; 13. 拆离断层; 14. 逆断层及产状(°); 15. 正断层及产状(°); 16. 地质界线; 17. 平行不整合及角度不整合; 18. 面理产状(°); 19. 城镇及居民点; 20. 剖面线

      Fig.  1.  Geologic sketch map of the North China craton (a) and regional structural and geological sketch map of the southern part of the West Hill of Beijing (b)

      图  2  东岭子‒南观区域地质构造略图

      据《周口店地质图》(1∶5万)修改. 1. 第四系; 2. 下‒中二叠统山西组; 3. 中石炭‒下二叠统太原组; 4. 中石炭统本溪组; 5. 下‒中奥陶统冶里‒马家沟组; 6. 上寒武统炒米店组; 7. 中元古界下马岭组; 8. 早元古界长城系; 9. 太古宇官地杂岩; 10. 房山花岗闪长岩; 11. 房山石英闪长岩; 12. 拆离断层; 13. 逆断层; 14. 地质界线; 15. 糜棱面理或韧性剪切带产状(°); 16. 地层产状(°); 17. 倒转地层产状(°); 18. 剖面线

      Fig.  2.  Regional structural and geological sketch map of the Donglingzi-Nanguan area

      图  3  南观实测剖面(A-A’)(a)和野外照片(b~g)

      b.花岗质糜棱岩(官地杂岩), 糜棱面理的产状为46°∠66°; c.下马岭组(Pt2x)粉砂质板岩, 层理产状为44°∠72°; d.炒米店组(∈4ch), 地层产状为57°∠62°; e.冶里组‒马家沟组(O1y-2m)灰岩, 地层产状为46°∠73°; f.炒米店组(∈4ch), 地层倒转,产状为53°∠50°; g.长城系(Pt1ch)砂质板岩(面理产状为62°∠53°)呈“布丁状”透镜体的花岗岩脉; h.长城系(Pt1ch)砂质板岩呈“布丁状”透镜体的闪长玢岩脉. 图例同图 2

      Fig.  3.  Measured section (A-A') at the Nanguan area (a) and the relevant field pictures (b-g)

      图  4  官地杂岩中的花岗质糜棱岩和韧性剪切带

      a.韧性剪切带野外照片,角闪岩被剪切呈透镜体状; b.东岭子村东万路北侧太古代花岗质糜棱岩(Arg)野外素描图

      Fig.  4.  Granitic mylonite and ductile shear zone in Archean rocks

      图  5  向斜倒转翼炒米店组(∈4ch)中发育的不对称小褶皱

      a.野外照片; b.素描图,显示“左行”剪切变形

      Fig.  5.  Asymmetrical small fold at the synclinal inverted wing (Chaomidian Formation, ∈4ch)

      图  6  向斜倒转翼炒米店组(∈4ch)中发育的次级褶皱

      a.野外照片; b.素描图,显示“左行”剪切变形

      Fig.  6.  Sunsidiary fold at the synclinal inverted wing (Chaomidian Formation, ∈4ch)

      图  7  向斜转折端炒米店组(∈4ch)中发育的次级褶皱

      a.野外照片; b.三维素描图,显示转折端加厚

      Fig.  7.  Sunsidiary fold at the synclinal turning end (Chaomidian Formation, ∈4ch)

      图  8  (a) “布丁状”花岗岩脉; (b) 左上角的插图是局部放大, 标注测年样品采集点

      Fig.  8.  Granitic lenses in pudding shape (a); illustration at the top left corner is a local zoom showing location of dating sample (b)

      图  9  “布丁状”闪长玢岩脉, 标注测年样品采集点(a)和局部放大图(b)

      Fig.  9.  Puddings of diorite porphyrite showing location of dating sample (a) and the local zoom (b)

      图  10  部分锆石CL图像和相应的206Pb/238U年龄

      a.花岗岩脉(17NG01); b. 闪长玢岩脉(17NG02). 黄色圈为锆石U-Pb原位测年点(束斑大小: 32 μm)

      Fig.  10.  CL images of representative zircon grains with 206Pb/238U age of the dykes at the Nanguan area

      图  11  花岗岩脉锆石U-Pb年龄

      Fig.  11.  Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams for the granitic dyke

      图  12  闪长玢岩脉锆石U-Pb年龄

      a.所有测年数据包括继承核、捕虏晶和岩浆结晶颗粒; b.早白垩世岩浆结晶年龄数据

      Fig.  12.  Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams for the dyke of diorite porphyrite

      图  13  “布丁状”岩脉透镜体形成示意图

      a.~140 Ma, 花岗岩脉和闪长玢岩脉侵入长城系(Pt1ch); b.140~130 Ma(?), 南观逆冲推覆构造发育过程中,岩脉发生简单剪切变形(如图所示)

      Fig.  13.  Schematic diagrams of the dyke lenses in pudding shape

      图  14  “楔沉式”构造组合型式的形成机制三维示意图: 变质核杂岩+逆冲推覆的构造组合

      Jy. 侏罗系窑坡组; Ts. 三叠系双泉组; 其他图例同图 2. 详细描述见正文

      Fig.  14.  A 3-D schematic diagram showing generation of the downward"diapiric" tectonics: tectonic association of the thrust nappe structure and metamorphic core complex structure

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