The Fault System and Its Tectonophysics Simulation in the Eastern Huanghekou Sag in Bohai Bay Basin
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摘要: 黄河口凹陷东洼是渤海盆地典型的盆缘洼陷，基于新一轮区域三维地震精细解释资料，采用构造解析与构造物理模拟技术相结合的方式，对黄河口凹陷东洼的断裂体系特征与构造演化过程进行研究.研究表明，受走滑和伸展变形的共同作用，研究了发育了以NNE-NE走向为主的走滑断裂体系和以EW-NEE走向为主的伸展断裂体系，断裂构造演化经历了孔店组-沙四段沉积时期的初始张扭裂陷阶段、沙三段沉积时期的走滑伸展裂陷阶段、沙一二段和东营组沉积时期的伸展萎缩持续走滑阶段、馆陶组和明化镇组沉积时期张扭变形阶段等4个阶段.其中，主走滑断层是在初始张扭裂陷阶段所形成的NE向伸展断层基础上持续活化而成；主伸展断层则形成于走滑伸展裂陷阶段的SN向伸展作用应力背景下.在伸展萎缩持续走滑阶段，各方位断裂在近SN向伸展作用下持续再活动，表现为走滑-伸展复合变形为主；在张扭变形阶段，先期主干断裂选择性活动，同时新生形成大量新近系的次级断层.Abstract: The eastern Huanghekou Sag was a typical hydrocarbon-rich sag in Bohai Bay Basin. The fault system of the sag were studied based on new 3D seismic interpretation. A combination of structure interpretation and tectonophisics simulation were applied to reconstruct the tectonic evolution. The results showed that controlled by strike slip and extensional stress, the studied area developed NNE-NE strike slip fault system and EW-NEE extensional fault system, experiencing four stages: the Ek-Es4 (the Kongdian Formation: The 4th member of the Shahejie Formation) initial extension-twist rifting stage, the Es3 (the 3rd member of the Shahejie Formation) strike slip extension rifting stage, the Es1-2-Ed (the 1st and 2nd member of the Shahejie Formation-the Dongying Formation) strike slip stage, and the Ng-Nm (the Guantao Formation-the Minghuazhen Formation) extension twisting stage. The major strike slip fault developed by activating the NE extensional faults formed during the initial stage. The major extensional fault developed on the basis of SN extensional stress during the strike slip extension rifting stage. During the strike slip stage, extension weakened, the faults of all directions activated due to SN extensional stress and showed strike slip-extension complex deformation. During the extension-twisting stage, some of the earlier major faults activated and in the meanwhile, many new secondary faults formed in Neogene.
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图 1 黄河口东洼区域构造格局
a. 研究区构造位置示意图；b. 研究区新生界地层格架
Fig. 1. Tectonic setting of Eastern Huanghekou Sag
图 5 黄河口凹陷东洼断裂平面展布特征
a. 断陷层系（T8）；b. 坳陷层系（T02）；相干切片，蓝色框内为走滑西支断裂带，红色框内为走滑东支断裂带
Fig. 5. Fault distribution of the eastern Huanghekou Sag
图 6 三维砂箱实验模型不同变形阶段变形模型
a. 变形前模型；b. NW-SE向伸展变形模型；c. SN向伸展变形模型；d. 右旋剪切变形模型
Fig. 6. 3D sandbox models of different deformation stages
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