High T/P Metamorphic Rocks in Southern Yili Plate: Representative for Precambrian Crystalline Basement or Active Continental Margin?
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摘要: 新疆伊犁板块南缘的狭长地带内广泛出露了高T/P变质岩系，其成因和属性研究有利于我们深入了解天山造山带的造山演化过程.前人认为这些岩石属早前寒武纪结晶基底，近期研究则显示其主要形成于早古生代.系统总结了课题组近些年在该区开展的工作，结合前人研究，对伊犁板块南缘不同岩石构造单元内的岩石成因进行了分析和讨论，提出伊犁板块南缘的高T/P变质岩系的形成与南天山洋大洋板片在伊犁板块之下的俯冲、岩浆在陆缘弧位置就位并造成伊犁板块南缘地温梯度的明显升高有关.因此，认为伊犁板块南缘狭长地带内的高T/P变质岩系形成于南天山洋俯冲过程中形成的活动大陆边缘环境，而非前寒武纪结晶基底的组成部分.Abstract: Study on high T/P metamorphic rocks in the southern Yili plate is essential for our understanding of the evolution of the Tianshan orogenic belt. Previous researchers suggested these rocks to belong to the Early Precambrian basement of the Nalati Group. However, recent studies show that they were generated in Paleozoic. Here in this study, it discusses the origin and formation environment for rocks in different litho-tectonic units in the southern Yili plate. Combined with other studies, it proposes that the high T/P metamorphic rocks were formed due to the emplacement and transportation of large volume magma in the arc region when the South Tianshan oceanic slab subducted under the Yili plate. The magma intrusion significantly elevated the thermal gradient, resulted in the regional high T/P metamorphism along the southern Yili plate. Therefore, high T/P rocks in the southern Yili plate were not a constituent of the Early Precambrian basement, but represented an active continental margin formed by the subduction of the South Tianshan ocean.
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Key words:
- southern Yili plate /
- high T/P metamorphic rocks /
- active continental margin /
- petrology
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图 1 中亚造山带大地构造简图
1.北天山断裂；2.箐布拉克-那拉提断裂；3.巴伦台断裂；4.Nikolaev断裂；5.Atbashi-Inylchek断裂；6.塔里木北缘断裂；7.Talas-Fergana断裂；YP.伊犁板块；KP.哈萨克斯坦板块；KNT.吉尔吉斯北天山；CCT.中天山陆块；NTO.北天山造山带；STO.南天山造山带；KMT.吉尔吉斯中天山
Fig. 1. Schematic geological map for the Central Asian orogenic belt
图 2 伊犁板块南缘构造岩石单元地质简图
Fig. 2. Simplified geological map for the litho-tectonic units in the southern Yili plate
图 3 伊犁板块南缘陆缘弧岩浆岩年龄分布
Fig. 3. Igneous rocks with arc chemical signature in the southern Yili plate
图 4 陆缘弧位置区域变质作用和岩浆岩侵入体之间的成因联系模式
改自Miyashiro(1994).a和b图分别代表弧岩浆岩侵位到中浅部层位而形成的低压型区域变质作用和侵位到不同深度层位而形成的中压型区域变质作用；A、B则表示由于抬升剥蚀作用，可能出露的现今野外变质岩剖面；And.红柱石；Sil.矽线石；Ky.蓝晶石
Fig. 4. Schematic model showing possible relationships between regional metamorphism and intrusions in the active continental margins
图 5 古生代南天山洋演化模式图(改自Xia et al., 2014a)
Fig. 5. Schematic cartoon showing the Paleozoic evolution of the South Tianshan ocean (revised from Xia et al., 2014a)
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