岩溶洞穴系统SO42-、NO3-来源及其对水岩作用的影响

石亮星; 周忠发; 张恒; 安丹; 丁圣君; 黄静; 董慧

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2021.115

岩溶洞穴系统SO₄^2-、NO₃^-来源及其对水岩作用的影响

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.115

石亮星^{1, 2, ,},
周忠发^{1, 2, , ,},
张恒^{1, 2},
安丹^{1, 2},
丁圣君^{1, 2},
黄静^{1, 2},
董慧^{1, 2}

1.
贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院/地理与环境科学学院, 贵州贵阳 550001
2.
贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地, 贵州贵阳 550001

基金项目:

贵州师范大学资助博士科研项目 GZNUD[2017]6号

国家自然科学基金地区项目 41361081

贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划—“百”层次人才项目黔科合平台人才〔2016〕5674

详细信息

作者简介:
石亮星(1994-), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事喀斯特地貌与洞穴研究. ORCID: 0000-0001-5662-9914. E-mail: shiliangxing999@163.com

通讯作者:
周忠发, ORCID: 0000-0002-5021-7254. E-mail: fa6897@163.com

中图分类号: P951
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-26
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Sources of SO₄^2- and NO₃^- and Their Disturbances to Water Rock Processes in Karst Cave Systems

Shi Liangxing^{1, 2
,
,},
Zhou Zhongfa^{1, 2
, ,
,},
Zhang Heng^{1, 2},
An Dan^{1, 2},
Ding Shengjun^{1, 2},
Huang Jing^{1, 2},
Dong Hui^{1, 2}

1.
College of Karst Institute/Geography and Environmental Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
2.
National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Karst Mountain Ecological Environment in Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001, China

摘要

摘要: 为揭示洞穴系统中SO₄^2-和NO₃^-离子来源及其对洞穴碳酸盐溶解的影响，通过对麻黄洞6个水点自2018年8月至2019年7月进行为期一个完整水文年的系统监测，对于监测结果进行综合分析.结果表明：（1）麻黄洞洞穴水水化学类型为HCO₃-Ca·Mg以及HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg型；（2）通过实地调查与元素比值法综合分析可知，麻黄洞NO₃^-与SO₄^2-各水点来源存在一定差异，其中麻黄洞NO₃^-主要源于农业活动和大气N沉降，而SO₄^2-主要以农业活动、石膏溶解为主要来源，SO₄^2-和NO₃^-均参与了岩溶作用，加速了基岩的溶蚀，这一过程主要受离子浓度、径流大小以及补给模式影响；（3）基于水化学计量法和稳定同位素技术估算可知，SO₄^2-和NO₃^-洞穴水DIC的贡献为0.05~0.61，释放DIC的同时改变了水中离子浓度，对于岩溶作用形成扰动，总体呈现出旱季>雨季、滴水>裂隙水的特征.同样，由于岩溶区的复杂和不可知，在对其进行系统研究时应当注重多种方法的结合与比较，提高研究精度与可信度.
- 岩溶洞穴 /
- 水岩作用 /
- SO₄^2-和NO₃^- /
- 麻黄洞 /
- 水文地质
Abstract: In order to reveal the source of SO₄^2-and NO₃^-in the cave water and their influence on the hydrogeochemical process, a complete hydrological year monitoring was carried out at six monitor points in Mahuang Cave from August 2018 to July 2019. The results showed as follows: (1)The cave waters hydrochemical types are HCO₃-Ca·Mg and HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg; (2)SO₄^2- and NO₃^- are mainly derived by agricultural activities, atmospheric deposition and gypsum dissolution, and their sources are different at different drip points. NO₃^- in the Mahuang cave is mainly caused by agricultural activities and atmospheric N deposition, while SO₄^2- is supplemented by agricultural activities and gypsum dissolution; The SO₄^2- and NO₃^- both participate in the karstification and accelerate the dissolution of bedrock; (3)Based on the estimation of hydrochemistry method and stable isotope technique, the contribution of DIC of SO₄^2- and NO₃^-cave water ranges from 0.05 to 0.61. The release of DIC also changes the ion concentration in the water, causing disturbance to karstification and presenting a general pattern of Dry season > Rainy season and dripwaters > fissure water. Similarly, due to the complexity and unknowability of karst area, the combination and comparison of various methods should be paid attention to in the systematic study of karst area, so as to improve the accuracy and credibility of the study.
- Karst caves /
- water-rock process /
- SO₄^2-and NO₃^- /
- Mahuang Cave /
- hydrogeology

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图 1 研究区水文地质概况

Fig. 1. Overview of hydrogeology in the study area.

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图 2 各水点基本参数变化特征

Fig. 2. The variation of general parameter of the cave water samples in the Mahuang Cave

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图 3 麻黄洞各水点Piper图

Fig. 3. Piper diagram of the cave water samples in the Mahuang Cave

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图 4 麻黄洞各水点水化学参数变化特征

Fig. 4. The variation characteristics of hydrochemical parameter of the cave water samples in the Mahuang Cave

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图 5 麻黄洞各类型水中(NO₃^-/Cl^-)与Cl^-的当量浓度比

Fig. 5. Equivalence ratio of (NO₃^-/Cl^-) and Cl^- in Mahuang Cave water

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图 6 (a) 麻黄洞各类型水中(SO₄^2-/Ca²⁺)与(NO₃^-/Ca²⁺)的当量浓度比; (b)麻黄洞各类型水中(SO₄^2-/Cl^-)与(NO₃^-/Cl^-)相关性分析

Fig. 6. (a) Equivalence ratio of (SO₄^2-/Ca²⁺) and (NO₃^-/Ca²⁺) of the cave water samples in the Mahuang Cave in Mahuang Cave water; (b) the relationship with (SO₄^2-/Cl^-) and (NO₃^-/Cl^-) in Mahuang Cave water

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图 7 (a) 麻黄洞各类型水中[HCO₃^-]与[Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺]的当量浓度比; (b)麻黄洞各类型水中[HCO₃^-+SO₄^2-+NO₃^-]与[Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺]的当量浓度比

Fig. 7. (a)Equivalence ratio of [HCO₃^-] and [Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺] of the cave water samples in the Mahuang Cave; (b) Equivalence ratio of [HCO₃^-+SO₄^2-+NO₃^-] and [Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺] of the cave water samples in the Mahuang cave

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图 8 麻黄洞各类型水中[Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺]/[HCO₃^-]与δ¹³C_DIC相关关系

Fig. 8. The relationship of [Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺]/[HCO₃^-] with δ¹³C_DIC of the cave water samples in the Mahuang Cave

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表 1 洞穴水点基本参数

Table 1. General parameters of cave water in the Mahuang cave

序号	样号	水样类型	滴水类型	沉积物类型	顶板厚度(m)	距洞口距离(m)
1	MH1#	钟乳石滴水	慢速常年性滴水	石钟乳	99.979	107.27
2	MH2#	钟乳石滴水	慢速常年性滴水	石笋、石钟乳	107.826	173.47
3	MH3#	裂隙水	快速常年流水	石幔、石钟乳	123.5	427.40
4	MH4#	壁流水	季节性流水	石幔	96.7	523.75
5	MH5#	地下河流水	常年流水	石幔	86.9	720.68
6	MH6#	钟乳石滴水	慢速常年性滴水	石笋、石钟乳	107.6	1169.73

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 SO₄^2-、NO₃^-对洞穴基岩溶蚀贡献估算比例.

Table 2. Estimation of the contribution ratio of SO₄^2- and NO₃^- to cave bedrock dissolution of the cave water samples in the Mahuang Cave

	MH1#	MH2#	MH3#	MH4#	MH5#	MH6#
201808	0.29	0.54	0.32	0.08	0.41	0.42
201809	0.60	0.29	0.31	0.45	0.47	0.49
201810	0.57	0.56	0.40	0.31	0.34	0.61
201811	0.47	0.31	0.50	0.39	0.29	0.53
201812	0.51	0.56	0.51	0.51	0.46	0.74
201901	0.41	0.16	0.24	0.26	0.37	0.39
201902	0.35	0.17	0.08	0.19	0.11	0.25
201903	0.04	0.35	0.16	0.12	0.42	0.26
201904	0.26	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.24
201905	0.24	0.06	0.14	0.04	0.08	0.05
201906	0.28	0.19	0.17	0.37	0.10	0.36
201907	0.23	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.23
Average	0.36	0.30	0.24	0.23	0.25	0.38
Cv	0.46	0.64	0.74	0.80	0.72	0.50

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表 3 SO₄^2-、NO₃^-对洞穴水DIC贡估算比例.

Table 3. The ratio of contribution of SO₄^2- and NO₃^- to DIC in of the cave water samples in the Mahuang Cave

	MH1#	MH2#	MH3#	MH4#	MH5#	MH6#
201808	0.23	0.32	0.15	0.15	0.22	0.39
201809	0.21	0.31	0.10	0.07	0.15	0.11
201810	0.26	0.38	0.11	0.09	0.26	0.29
201811	0.24	0.38	0.21	0.26	0.46	0.41
201812	0.22	0.40	0.27	0.42	0.57	0.45
201901	0.27	0.42	0.37	0.46	0.60	0.42
201902	0.32	0.42	0.39	0.47	0.61	0.42
201903	0.33	0.39	0.36	0.42	0.58	0.40
201904	0.25	0.36	0.17	0.07	0.10	0.34
201905	0.28	0.32	0.15	0.11	0.23	0.30
201906	0.25	0.30	0.14	0.08	0.09	0.40
201907	0.19	0.29	0.10	0.05	0.05	0.39
Average	0.25	0.36	0.21	0.22	0.33	0.36
Cv	0.16	0.13	0.53	0.78	0.67	0.25

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岩溶洞穴系统SO₄^2-、NO₃^-来源及其对水岩作用的影响

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.115

作者简介:
石亮星(1994-), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事喀斯特地貌与洞穴研究. ORCID: 0000-0001-5662-9914. E-mail: shiliangxing999@163.com

通讯作者:
周忠发, ORCID: 0000-0002-5021-7254. E-mail: fa6897@163.com

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Sources of SO₄^2- and NO₃^- and Their Disturbances to Water Rock Processes in Karst Cave Systems

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