Characteristics of Compositions of Organic Matter δ13C in Lake Sediments from Dagze Co in Tibetan Plateau and Its Paleoclimatic and Paleoenvironmental Significance
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摘要: 通过对达则错沉积岩心有机质碳同位素（δ13C）和碳氮比（C/N）的分析，结合岩心浮游生物记录、营养盐记录以及温度和降水记录，探讨了过去一千年达则错沉积物有机质δ13C的气候环境指示意义.结果表明，达则错沉积物有机质主要以湖泊自生的水生生物碎屑混合物为主；过去一千年，达则错在受人类活动显著影响之前，气候变化是影响沉积物有机质δ13C形成的主要因素，在1050~1200 AD和1450~1650 AD气候寒冷干燥时段有机质δ13C值显著偏重，反之则相反；过去150年，湖泊沉积物有机质δ13C显著偏重，主要受人类活动导致湖泊营养盐浓度变化影响.本研究还表明对于营养结构较为单一，且西藏拟溞为绝对优势动物物种的半对流型湖泊，应用C/N值判断湖泊有机质来源是不可靠的，需要综合湖泊地理背景谨慎判断.Abstract: Based on the analyses of δ13C and C/N ratio of organic matter in Dagze Co sediments, combined with the records of plankton, nutrient salts, temperature and precipitation, the climatic and environmental implications of organic matter δ13C in Dagze Co sediments during the past 1 000 years were discussed. The results indicate that organic matter of Dagze Co sediment was mainly composed of the autogenous aquatic bioclasts from the lake. Prior to the significant impact of human activities during the past thousand years, climate change was the main factor affecting the formation of δ13C in the Dagze Co sediments. The δ13C value of organic matter was significantly heavier during the cold and dry periods of 1050-1200 AD and 1450-1650 AD, and was considerably lighter during the warmer and wetter periods of 950-1050 AD, 1200-1450 AD and 1650-1850 AD. However, in the past 150 years, the δ13C of organic matter in lake sediments was dramatically heavier, which was mainly affected by changes in the concentration of nutrients caused by human activities. This study also shows that the application of C/N value to determine the source of organic matter in Dagze Co, which is semi-convective and with a single nutrient structure, is not reliable, and it is necessary to combine field factors.
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Key words:
- C/N ratio /
- stable isotope composition of organic carbon (δ13C) /
- climate change /
- ecology /
- Dagze Co /
- Tibetan plateau
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图 1 达则错地理位置(a)、湖泊水系(b)和水深示意图(c)
Fig. 1. Location map (a), drainage basin map (b), and bathymetry map (c) of Dagze Co
图 2 达则错沉积物岩心年龄控制
a.湖心顶部210Pb与137Cs测年结果；b.湖心钻孔的14C年龄校正
Fig. 2. Chronological controls for the Dagze sediment core
图 4 达则错湖泊沉积物有机质来源鉴别图
a.达则错沉积物有机质的δ13C值与C/N比值；b. Meyers（1994）中湖泊沉积物主要来源植物的δ13C值与C/N比值
Fig. 4. The identification charts of organic matter source in the sediments of Dagze Co
图 5 过去1 000年达则错西藏拟溞(a)、总氮含量(b)、δ13C值(c)、C/N比值(d)、TOC含量(e)、温度记录(f)以及叶蜡单体氢同位素记录(g)
Fig. 5. The number of Daphnia tibetana (a), TN content (b), δ13C (c), C/N ratio (d), TOC content (e), temperature record (f) and δDwax record (g) at Dagze Co in the past 1 000 years
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