Organic Carbon Isotopes and Biostratigraphic Corelation during Permian-Triassic Transition in Western Guizhou and Eastern Yunnan
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摘要: 二叠纪-三叠纪之交海、陆相地层对比研究对陆相二叠系-三叠系界线的定义以及全面认识该全球性重大生物与环境突变事件具有重要意义，是当前国际古生物学与地层学研究的重点和难点.选择贵州六盘水仲河二叠系-三叠系界线剖面为研究对象，系统研究了该剖面的化石面貌和有机碳同位素演变特征.结合黔西滇东地区二叠纪-三叠纪之交良好的陆相、海陆过渡相和浅海碎屑岩相地层记录，初步搭建了海、陆相生物地层与有机碳同位素地层对比框架.值得关注的是，综合已有研究的陆相和海陆过渡相剖面植物有机碳同位素和海相剖面无机碳同位素数据，发现均存在相同的碳同位素演变特征，且与生物地层对比方案一致.据此，认为高分辨率的有机碳同位素化学地层是实现海-陆相地层对比的有效手段之一.Abstract: The correlation between the marine and terrestrial Permian-Triassic (P-Tr) strata has a great significance for the definition of the terrestrial P-Tr boundary and the comprehensive understanding for the nature of this global biotic and environmental event. In the present study, it investigated the fossils and organic carbon isotopes of the P-Tr boundary section of Zhonghe in Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province. A preliminary framework for the correlation of marine and terrestrial biostratigraphy and organic carbon isotope stratigraphy was established by combining the previous studies in this area. Moreover, the organic carbon isotopes of plants and marine inorganic carbon isotopes share the same trends, which are confirmed by the evidence of the biostratigraphic correlation framework. Accordingly, it concludes that high-resolution chemostratigraphy of organic carbon isotope is one of the effective proxies to achieve marine and terrestrial stratigraphic correlation.
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图 1 研究剖面地理位置及古地理图
a.仲河剖面交通位置图；b.华南二叠纪-三叠纪之交古地理图（据Yin et al., 2014修改）；图中红色五角星代表研究剖面位置
Fig. 1. The location of the Zhonghe Section and paleogeographic map of the study area
图 2 仲河剖面野外照片
a.飞仙关组与龙潭组界线；b.飞仙关组底部碳酸盐岩夹层与微生物岩；c.飞仙关组底部微生物岩；d.飞仙关组底部微体化石样品采集层位，产牙形石、介形虫及腹足类微体化石；e.飞仙关组底部泥质粉砂岩夹灰岩薄层；f.飞仙关组粉砂质泥岩
Fig. 2. The outcrop photos of Zhonghe Section
图 3 仲河剖面地层柱状图及化石分布与有机碳同位素曲线图
其中δ13Corg为全岩有机碳同位素，数据来源于Wignall et al.（2020）.图中的灰色横线代表有机碳同位素开始负偏的位置
Fig. 3. Lithostratigraphy, fossil distribution and organic carbon isotopes of the Zhonghe Section
图 4 仲河剖面飞仙关组双壳化石
a，b. Pteria ussurica variabilis；a.左壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-6-342；b. 右壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-5-254；c. Unionites canalensis，左壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-8-284；d，e. Claraia wangi；d. 右壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-5-156；e. 右壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-4-555；f. Leptochondria virgalensis，右壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-5-178；g. Eumorphotis venetiana；g. 左壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-5-180；h，i. Eumorphotis multiformis；h.左壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-4-199；i. 左壳，产自仲河剖面飞仙关组下部，标本号ZH-5-173.其中，a~c中的比例尺为1 mm，d~i的比例尺为5 mm
Fig. 4. The bivalves from Feixianguan Formation of the Zhonghe Section
图 5 仲河剖面飞仙关组微体化石
a，d.牙形石化石；a中牙形石为Hindeodus praeparvus；d中牙形石为Clarkina sp.；b，c.介形虫化石Hollinella sp.；e~h. 小腹足类化石.其中，a，d中的比例尺为20 μm，b、c和e~h比例尺为0.2 mm
Fig. 5. The microfossils from Feixianguan Formation of the Zhonghe Section
图 6 黔西滇东地区二叠纪-三叠纪之交不同相区有机碳同位素和海相煤山剖面碳酸盐岩碳同位素对比图
a.岔河剖面有机碳同位素趋势，其中数据来源于Shen et al.（2011），Wu et al.（2021）；b.赤那河剖面有机碳同位素趋势，其中数据来源于Chu et al.（2020），Wu et al.（2021）；c.仲河剖面有机碳同位素趋势，其中全岩有机碳同位素数据来源于Wignall et al.（2020）；d.煤山剖面碳酸盐岩碳同位素趋势，数据来源于Xie et al.（2007）；Shen et al.（2011）；Burgess et al.（2014）.灰色阴影代表有机碳同位素开始负偏
Fig. 6. The chemostratigraphic correlation between the organic carbon isotopes of western Guizhou and eastern Yunnan and the carbonate carbon isotopes of Meishan Section
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