Depositional Timing and Provenance Characteristics of the Early Paleozoic Gaotan Formation in the Wugongshan Area, Jiangxi Province: New Evidence from Detrital Zircon U-Pb Dating and Rare Earth Element Compositions of Garnet-Bearing Mica Quartz Schist
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摘要:
武功山地区高滩组是华南板块分布较为广泛的早古生代地层之一，经历了绿片岩相‒角闪岩相变质，其沉积时代限定与物源性质确定对客观重建华南板块早古生代地壳演化过程具有重要的意义.本文利用LA-ICP-MS对高滩组中的含榴云母石英片岩进行了碎屑锆石U-Pb测年与稀土元素分析，获得含榴云母石英片岩最年轻一组碎屑锆石年龄为524±12 Ma，结合区域上高滩组被早古生代约462 Ma花岗岩侵入的地质关系，初步限定武功山地区高滩组的沉积时代为524~462 Ma.高滩组含榴云母石英片岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄变化于3 622~497 Ma之间，最主要的年龄峰值为956 Ma，4个次要的年龄峰值分别为2 456 Ma、1 644 Ma、850 Ma与524 Ma.对比扬子、华夏陆块早古生代沉积岩系的碎屑锆石年龄图谱，发现高滩组与华夏陆块早古生代地层具有相似的物源特征，指示早古生代期间武功山地区属于华夏陆块的组成部分.
Abstract:The Gaotan Formation, which has undergone greenschist to amphibolite facies metamorphism, is one of the most widely distributed Early Paleozoic strata units in the Wugongshan complex of Jiangxi Province. Depositional timing and provenance of the Gaotan Formation is vital for probing the Early Paleozoic crustal evolutionary of the Wugongshan complex. In this paper, LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) was used to analyze the zircon U-Pb ages and rare earth element compositions of bearing-garnet micas quartz schist in the Gaotan Formation of the Wugongshan complex. The age of the youngest group of detrital zircons from the garnet-bearing micas quartz schist is 524±12 Ma, combined with geological relationship which the Gaotan Formation was intruded by the ca. 462 Ma granites in the Wugongshan complex, it is speculated that the depositional timing of the Gaotan formation is 524-462 Ma. Detrital zircon U-Pb ages of the Gaotan Formation range from 3 622 Ma to 497 Ma, with the main age peak of 956 Ma and four secondary age peaks of 2 456 Ma, 1 644 Ma, 850 Ma and 524 Ma, respectively. By comparing the detrital zircon ages of the Early Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, the provenance characteristics of the Gaotan Formation are similar to the Early Paleozoic strata in the Cathaysia block, indicating that the Wugongshan complex was a part of the Cathaysia block during the Early Paleozoic.
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图 1 武功山大地构造位置简图(a；修改自Metcalfe, 2013)，武功山区域地质简图(b；修改自Shu et al., 1998)，柱状图及采样位置(c；修改自马虎超等，2019)
Ⅰ.中国中部造山带；Ⅱ.松潘‒甘孜增生杂岩；Ⅲ.羌塘板块；Ⅳ.拉萨地体；Ⅴ.喜马拉雅地体；Ⅵ.缅甸西部地体；Ⅶ.西布马苏地体；Ⅷ.印度支那地体；MDF.主要断裂带
Fig. 1. Sketch map of Wugong mountain geotectonic location (a; modified from Metcalfe, 2013) and simplified geological map of the Wugongshan complex showing sampling localities (b; modified from Shu et al., 1998), and histogram (c; modified from Ma et al., 2019)
图 2 武功山杂岩高滩组含榴云母石英片岩代表性野外和显微照片
矿物缩写据沈其韩（2009）；a~c.高滩组含榴云母石英片岩主要矿物组合：石英+斜长石+黑云母+白云母+石榴子石；a-1~c-1.露头尺度小型褶皱；a-2~c-2.单偏光镜下显微尺度的挤压褶皱；a-3~c-3.正交偏光镜下显微尺度的挤压褶皱
Fig. 2. Representative photomicrographs and field photos of garnet-bearing mica quartz schist from the Gaotan Formation in the Wugongshan complex
图 3 武功山杂岩高滩组含榴云母石英片岩中碎屑锆石的阴极发光图像与U-Pb年龄
Fig. 3. Cathodoluminescence image and U-Pb age of detrital zircon from the garnet-bearing mica quartz schist of the Gaotan Formation in the Wugongshan complex
图 4 武功山杂岩高滩组含榴云母石英片岩中碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图(a, b)，锆石年龄频率直方图(c, d)与稀土元素配分模式（e, f）
球粒陨石稀土元素数据Sun and McDonough（1989）
Fig. 4. U-Pb age concordia diagram (a, b), histogram with frequency distribution diagram (c, d) and REE patterns (e, f) of detrital zircons from the garnet-bearing mica quartz schist of the Gaotan Formation in the Wugongshan complex
图 5 武功山杂岩高滩组含榴云母石英片岩中最小一组碎屑锆石238U-206Pb年龄谐和图与238U-206Pb加权平均年龄
Fig. 5. 238U-206Pb age concordia diagram and 238U-206Pb weighted average age map of the smallest group of detrital zircons from the garnet-bearing mica quartz schist of the Gaotan Formation in Wugongshan complex
图 6 武功山杂岩与世界区域前寒武系碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄频率直方对比图
数据来源：a.本次研究及Wang et al.（2015）；b.Yao et al.（2011）；c. Yin（2003）、Wang et al.（2010）、Yao et al.（2015）；d. Webb et al.（2011，2013）；e~g. Condie et al.（2009）
Fig. 6. Comparison of U-Pb age frequency histograms of Precambrian detrital zircons from Wugongshan complex and the world area
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