Numerical Simulation for Data Analyses of First Gas Hydrate Trial Production Test in Shenhu Area
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摘要: 2017年神狐海域第一次试开采成功后，许多学者应用数值模拟对试采数据进行研究，但模拟结果与实际试采数据存在偏差.为了探求原因，本研究建立了二维柱坐标系下水合物降压开采数学模型，开发了相应的程序，能够模拟渗透率等储层参数非均匀分布条件下开采过程，同时能够模拟开采井压力等动态参数对开采过程的影响.通过数值实验，得出偏差原因：（1）泥质粉砂型储层存在水敏性，水合物分解产生的淡水引起粘土膨胀，使渗透率下降；（2）须将开采井压力作为动态输入参量.据此，修正了渗透率模型，考虑了开采井压力随时间的变化，得到的模拟产气量与试采数据十分接近，使降压开采数值模拟更逼近实际情况.Abstract: After the first successful trial production in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea in 2017, many scholars have used numerical methods to simulate this process, but the simulation results have always been deviated from the data of actual trial production. In order to explore the reasons for the deviation, a mathematical model is established for depressurization discovery in a two-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system, and a corresponding program is developed in this study, to simulate not only the non-uniform distribution of reservoir parameters such as permeability and so on, but also the impact of dynamic parameter such as the wellbore pressure on the production process. Making full use of the flexibility of the autonomous program, the reasons for the deviation are obtained through numerical experiment analysis: (1) The muddy silt-type reservoir has water sensitivity, and the fresh water produced by the decomposition of hydrate causes clay swelling, which makes the permeability decrease; (2) The production well pressure must be taken as the dynamic input parameter. Based on this, the permeability model was revised, and the time-varying pressure in production well was dynamically input. The simulated gas production obtained is very close to the trial production data, making the numerical simulation of depressurization closer to the actual situation.
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Key words:
- natural gas hydrate /
- Shenhu area /
- deviation /
- permeability /
- production well pressure /
- numerical simulation /
- petroleum geology
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图 4 储层初始渗透率和降压开采过程中压力分布
Fig. 4. The initial permeability of the reservoir and the pressure distribution map during the depressurization mining process
图 5 储层初始孔隙度和降压开采过程中压力分布
Fig. 5. The initial porosity of the reservoir and the pressure distribution map during the depressurization mining process
图 6 储层初始饱和度和降压开采过程中压力分布图
Fig. 6. The initial saturation of the reservoir and the pressure distribution map during the depressurization mining process
图 7 产气量模拟结果与试采数据对比
Fig. 7. Simulation results of the cumulative gas production compared with the field test data obtained at well SHSC-4
图 8 产气量计算结果与试采数据对比
Fig. 8. Comparison of gas production calculation results and trial production data
图 9 产气量计算结果（修正模型后）与试采数据对比
Fig. 9. Comparison of gas production calculation results(after model improving) and trial production data
图 11 产气量计算结果（调整井眼压力后）与试采数据对比
Fig. 11. Comparison of gas production calculation results (after adjusting the borehole pressure) and trial production data
表 1 水合物藏各层中地质和物性参数
Table 1. Geological and physical parameters in each layer of hydrate reservoir
水合物藏 层厚(m) 孔隙度 渗透率(md) 水饱
和度气饱
和度水合物饱和度 水合物层 35 0.35 2.9 0.660 0.000 0.34 混合层 15 0.33 1.5 0.526 0.164 0.31 气态烃层 27 0.32 7.4 0.922 0.078 0.00 
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表 2 南海神狐海域第一次试采产气数据
Table 2. The production data of the first trial in Shehu area of South China Sea
生产时间（d） 日均产气量（104 m3） 累积产气量（104 m3） 8 $ 1.6 $ $ 12.5 $ 16 $ 1.0 $ $ 16.1 $ 22 $ 0.84 $ $ 18.4 $ 31 $ 0.68 $ $ 21.1 $ 42 $ 0.56 $ $ 23.5 $ 60 $ 0.52 $ $ 30.9 $
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