3D Geological Visualization Modeling and Its Application in Zhexiang Gold Deposit, Southwest Guizhou Province
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摘要: 者相金矿床是黔西南地区典型的卡林型金矿床之一，其矿体埋藏深、形态复杂，导致深部断裂控矿特征、矿体赋存规律和下一步找矿方向尚不明晰.鉴于此，采用QuantyPES三维建模软件对矿区深部地层、断裂、矿体进行了精细三维可视化建模，借此对深部断裂控矿特征、矿体分布规律开展了详细研究，并进一步开展了深部成矿预测和资源量估算.基于三维可视化功能，结合化探异常特征研究和钻孔岩心揭露，查明F20断层是矿区主要导矿和控矿断裂，并初步构建矿区的构造控矿模式；预测者相金矿外围北北东边深部还有较大的成矿和找矿潜力.对三维矿体模型利用地质统计学法计算得到矿区的总资源量为15 550 kg，平均品位为3.59 g/t，与传统地质块段法的计算结果误差较小，表明利用克里格法进行资源量估算具有较高的可靠性.本研究为该类型的矿床研究和成矿预测提供了新的手段，为者相金矿深部及外围优选找矿靶区、为指导灰家堡背斜其他矿区的矿产勘查起到重要的示范作用.Abstract: Zhexiang gold deposit is one of the typical Carlin-type gold deposits in Southwest Guizhou Province. However, the characteristics of ore-controlling faults, laws of ore-bodies orientation, and directions for further prospecting are still unclear, since the ore bodies are deep buried, with complicated shapes. In this paper it employs QuantyPES 3D modeling software for the fine 3D visualization modeling of deep strata, faults and ore-bodies in the mining area, to characterize the ore-controlling faults and relevant ore-bodies, to evaluate its deep metallogenic capacity, and to estimate the potential mineral resources. Based on the 3D visualization, and data of the characteristics of geochemical anomaly and field drilling exposure, it is revealed that the F20 fault is main ore-leading and controlling fault in the mining area. The structural ore-controlling model in the mining area is constructed, suggesting that there is great metallogenic and prospecting potential in the direction of deep NNE-striking F20 at the periphery of Zhexiang deposit. The calculated gold resources of mining area are 15 550 kg with the average grade of 3.59 g/t according to the 3D ore-bodies model, which is comparable to the results of traditional geological block method, indicating that the gold resources calculated by Kriging method are reliable. This study provides a new approach to characterize and prospect for the Carlin-type gold deposit, and a demonstration of the optimization of prospecting target areas in the depth and periphery of the Zhexiang gold deposit, which can be further used to guide the regional mineral exploration in the Huijiabao anticline.
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图 1 黔西南者相金矿地质图(据贵州省105地质队某报告修改)
1.第四系；2.三叠系嘉陵江组第一段二亚段；3.三叠系嘉陵江组第一段一亚段；4.三叠系夜郎组第三段；5.三叠系夜郎组第三段；6.断裂；7.背斜；8.钻孔；9.勘探线
Fig. 1. Geological map of Zhexiang gold deposit in Southwest Guizhou Province (modified after a report by the 105 geological team in Guizhou Province)
图 2 者相金矿609勘探线剖面图(据贵州省105地质队某报告修改)
1.钻孔；2.矿体及矿体编号；3.省略线；4.地质界线；5.二叠系茅口组；6.构造蚀变体；7.二叠系龙潭组；8.二叠系长兴组合大隆组；9.夜郎组；10.嘉陵江组
Fig. 2. Section of exploration line 609 in Zhexiang gold deposit (modified after a report by the 105 geological team in Guizhou Province)
图 3 勘探线剖面图图层归类及三维竖立
Fig. 3. Layer classification and three-dimensional erection of profile map of exploration line
图 9 者相金矿三维矿床模型图(近南朝北视图)
Fig. 9. 3D model map of Zhexiang gold deposit (near south to north view)
图 10 北北东倾向的矿体及F20隐伏断裂三维模型
Fig. 10. 3D model of the NNE dip ore body and F20 concealed fault
图 11 ZK60940、ZK60924、ZK60908钻孔岩心揭露的F20断层破碎带推断图
1.钻孔；2.矿体及矿体编号；3.省略线；4.地质界线；5.二叠系茅口组；6.构造蚀变体；7.二叠系龙潭组；8.二叠系长兴组和大隆组；9.三叠系夜郎组；10.三叠系嘉陵江组
Fig. 11. The fracture zone of F20 fault exposed by ZK60940, ZK60924 and ZK60908 cores inferred
图 12 624、616、600、609勘探线剖面Au元素异常图
Fig. 12. Au element anomaly maps of exploration lines 624, 616, 600 and 609
图 13 者相金矿构造控矿模式概念
1.矿体；2.断裂；3.灰岩；4.粉砂岩；5.粘土岩；6.粉砂质粘土岩；7.含矿热液流向；8.构造蚀变体带角砾岩
Fig. 13. A schematic illustration showing the possible genetic relationships between sedimentary rocks, structures, and Au orebodies in the Zhexiang gold deposit
图 15 矿石品位三维空间分布统计图(俯视图)
Fig. 15. 3D spatial distribution statistical map of ore grade (top view)
表 1 克里格法与传统地质块段法资源量估算结果对比
Table 1. Comparison of resource estimation results between Kriging method and traditional geological block method
矿体 传统地质块段法 克里格法 资源量对比 平均品位误差(g/t) 资源量(kg) 平均品位(g/t) 资源量(kg) 平均品位(g/t) 误差(kg) 误差率 相似率 Ⅲb 2 607 2.86 2 590 2.73 ‒17.04 ‒1% 99% ‒0.12 Ⅲb+1 1 590 4.24 1 525 4.08 ‒65.22 ‒4% 96% ‒0.16 Ⅲc 5 515 5.31 4 745 4.68 ‒769.64 ‒14% 86% ‒0.63 Ⅲc+1 647 3.08 778 3.24 131.72 20% 80% 0.16 Ⅲe 1 128 5.43 1 143 5.92 14.70 1% 99% 0.49 Ⅳa 392 3.12 384 3.05 ‒8.74 ‒2% 98% ‒0.07 Ⅳb 1 610 2.99 1 581 2.94 ‒29.48 ‒2% 98% ‒0.05 Ⅳc 770 2.66 784 2.69 13.49 2% 98% 0.03 F20 2 078 3.09 2 021 3.02 ‒57.52 ‒3% 97% ‒0.07 合计 16 338 3.74 15 550 3.59 ‒787.73 ‒5% 95% ‒0.15 
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