Quantitative Characterization of Fractures under Volcanic Thermal Expansion Based on Thermal-Mechanical Coupling Analysis
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摘要:
渤南地区是渤海海域近年来油气勘探开发的热点，新生界火山活动为油气成藏提供优势条件的同时，也给油气田开发带来了难题.内部非均质、高温剧烈的火山通道影响了周缘地层的裂缝发育，引发了严重的裂缝性井漏，造成巨大的经济损失，亟需对火山周缘膨胀型裂缝进行有效表征.根据测井、岩心、地震等资料，识别刻画火山岩岩相特征，分析周缘地层裂缝发育情况；通过岩心矿物分析、薄片观察等手段，确定火山活动温度场边界条件；基于能量守恒定律和地质力学，引入热力耦合原理，采用有限元数值模拟方法对火山活动引起的岩石热膨胀裂缝进行定量预测.基于热力耦合分析火山通道对周缘裂缝发育的影响，确定了火山对井漏风险的影响范围，对渤海油田钻井安全、火山相关油藏预测具有重要参考价值.
Abstract:The Bonan region is a hot spot for oil and gas exploration and development in the Bohai Sea area in recent years. Though the Cenozoic volcanic activity provides advantageous conditions for oil and gas reservoir formation, it also poses a problem for oil and gas field development. The internal non-homogeneous, high-temperature and intense volcanic channels have affected the fracture development of the surrounding strata, triggering serious fractured well leaks resulted in huge economic losses. Based on the logging, core and seismic data, we identify the petrographic characteristics of the volcanic rocks and analyze the fracture development of the surrounding strata. The boundary conditions of the temperature field of volcanic activity are determined by means of core mineral analysis and thin section observation. In addition, applying the principle of thermodynamic coupling and the finite element numerical simulation method, the thermal expansion fractures of rocks caused by volcanic activity are quantitatively predicted, based on the law of energy conservation and geomechanics. Based on the thermodynamic coupling analysis of the influence range of volcanic channels on perimeter fracture development, the results have important reference values for drilling safety and volcano-related reservoir prediction in Bohai oil fields.
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图 2 过BZ34-9-E井地震剖面火山相及裂缝特征
Fig. 2. Characteristics of the volcanic phase and fractures in the seismic section of passing through Well BZ34-9-E
图 9 耦合应力场平面分布特征
a.应力强度；b.最大主应力；c.中间主应力；d.最小主应力
Fig. 9. Characteristics of coupled stress field plane distribution
图 10 热力耦合作用下裂缝分布特征
a.裂缝密度；b.裂缝开度
Fig. 10. Fracture distribution characteristics under the action of thermal coupling
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