Three-Dimensional Modeling of Estuary Reservoir Based on Coupling Sedimentary Dynamics Simulation and Multipoint Geostatistics Method
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摘要: 为提高潮控河口湾储层中少井区三维建模精度，以南美Oriente盆地J油田M1层为研究对象，采用沉积动力学模拟与多点统计学建模方法，设定地形坡折高度、潮汐幅度，河口流速、沉积物粒径等参数建立了研究区三维沉积模型.结合M1层储层特征将沉积模拟结果转换为三维训练模板，联合井上测井数据，使用多点地质统计学方法构建沉积动力学模拟约束下的潮控河口湾储层三维精细地质模型.结果表明在沉积动力学建立的三维训练模板约束下，模型中取心井结果与岩心拟合程度高，验证井与井上测井数据相对误差为7.6%，高于序贯高斯模拟方法模拟的精度.在潮控河口湾储层中，通过沉积动力学建立三维训练模板约束储层模型，能够在少井区有效提高模型精度，并得到了验证井交叉验证的结果，这将为潮控河口湾含油储层的勘探与开发提供指导.Abstract: In order to improve the three-dimensional modeling accuracy of the few well areas in the tidal-controlled estuary bay reservoir, the sedimentary dynamics simulation and multipoint geostatistics modeling method were used on the M1 layer of the J oilfield in the Oriente Basin, South America, to establish the sedimentation model of the study area with the selected terrain slope break height, tidal amplitude, estuary velocity, sediment particle size and other parameters. Considering the reservoir characteristics of the M1 layer, the sedimentation simulation results are converted into a three-dimensional training template. Combined with the three-dimensional training template and logging data, the multipoint geostatistics method was used to construct a fine three-dimensional geological model of the tidal-controlled estuary reservoir under the constraints of sedimentary dynamics simulation. The results show that under the constraints of the three-dimensional training template established by the sedimentary dynamics, the results of the core wells in the model fit well with the cores, and the relative error between the verification wells and the logging data is 7.6%, which are much better than those obtained by the sequential Gaussian simulation. It indicates that, in the tidal-controlled estuary bay reservoir, the establishment of a three-dimensional training template constrained reservoir model through sedimentary dynamics could effectively improve the accuracy of model in areas with a few wells, which are supported by the cross-validation results of verification wells. It will provide guidance for the exploration and development of oil-bearing reservoirs in tidal-controlled estuaries.
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图 1 奥连特盆地J油田研究区位置（a）和J油田M1SS层顶部构造图（b）
Fig. 1. Location of study area (a) and structure map of M1SS layer top (b) of J Oilfield, Oriente Basin
图 2 奥连特盆地层序地层剖面和J30取心井岩性测井特征
Fig. 2. Sequence stratigraphic profile and lithofacies logging characteristics of J30 core well in Oriente Basin
图 3 研究区岩心岩相特征
图a、b为砂坝‒高孔渗砂岩，取自J32井3 000 m与2 996 m；图c为砂坪‒中孔渗粗砂岩，取自J32井3 002 m；图d为砂坪‒中孔渗细砂岩，取自J32井2 827 m；图e为混合坪‒钙质胶结低孔渗砂岩与混合坪‒低孔渗砂岩，取自J32井2 797 m；图f为陆棚‒非储层泥岩，取自J32井2 494 m
Fig. 3. Lithologic characteristics of core in the study area
图 4 沉积动力学模拟结果
a. T=30 step初始沉积模拟结果；b、c. T=60 step和T=90 step时的中期沉积模拟；d. T=120 step最终模拟结果
Fig. 4. Sedimentary dynamics numerical simulation data
图 5 沉积动力学模拟的平面和剖面模型
a.平面沉积动力学模型模拟，aa’、bb’、cc’为模型中部横截面位置；b.位于aa’位置的剖面；c.位于bb’位置的剖面；d.位于cc’位置的剖面
Fig. 5. Plane and profile models for sedimentary dynamics simulation
图 7 研究区三维构造模型
a.各小层微幅构造面；b研究区构造模型
Fig. 7. Three-dimensional structural model of study area
图 8 研究区岩性模型模拟结果连井剖面
Fig. 8. The simulation results of lithofacies model in the study area connected with the well profile
图 11 研究区小层孔隙度、渗透率分布直方图
Fig. 11. Histogram of porosity and permeability distribution of small layers in the study area
图 12 J30取心井测井数据与模型模拟结果对比
a.岩性模型、属性模型模拟结果与测井曲线对比；b.各深度段岩心图
Fig. 12. Comparison between logging data of J30 core well and model simulation results
图 13 J30井铸体薄片
a. 2 386 m样品，粒间孔隙度为21.7%；b. 2 391 m样品，粒间孔隙度为15.3%；c. 2 390 m样品，粒间孔隙度为9%；d. 2 394 m样品，粒间孔隙度为0.3%
Fig. 13. Well J30 casting sheet
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