火山喷发机制、气候效应及火山地球工程

马昌前; 邹博文; 黄贵治

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2022.415

火山喷发机制、气候效应及火山地球工程

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.415

马昌前^{1, 2, ,},
邹博文¹,
黄贵治¹

1.
中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430078

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42130309

国家自然科学基金项目 41972066

详细信息

作者简介:
马昌前（1958-），男，教授，博士，主要从事岩石学、岩浆动力学、地球系统科学的教学与研究工作. ORCID：0000-0002-1778-0547. E-mail：cqma@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P58
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-29
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-25

Volcanic Eruption Mechanism, Climate Impacts and Volcano Geoengineering

1.
School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China

摘要

摘要: 火山是地球内部与表层系统连接的纽带，是地球充满生机活力的体现.减轻大型火山喷发对全球气候和环境的影响是地球科学的重大研究主题.提出探索岩浆储库的累积组装和演变规律，研究火山喷发的触发机制，聚焦地球内、外层圈的相互作用，认识火山活动与全球气候和表层环境变化的互馈关系，构建火山地球工程的理论体系和技术框架，是减轻火山灾害对全人类不利影响的关键.其中，基于岩浆动力学和火山学的岩浆通道系统研究，将会为火山活动的预测和监测提供新的理论依据.火山活动的影响是全球性的.所以，我们要抢占先机，在深化火山喷发机制理论研究和构建减轻火山灾害影响的工程技术体系等方面有所作为.
- 火山喷发 /
- 火山冬天 /
- 火山活动监测 /
- 火山地球工程 /
- 岩石学
Abstract: Volcanoes are the link connecting the Earth's interior and surface systems and are seen as a sign of the vitality of the Earth. Mitigating the impact of large volcanic eruptions on Earth's climate and environment is a major topic in geosciences. In this paper we propose that in order to reduce the negative impact of volcanic disasters on all human beings, it is necessary to explore the incremental assembly and evolution of magma reservoirs, study the triggering mechanism of volcanic eruptions, focus on the interaction between the inner and outer layers of the Earth, and understand the feedback relationship between volcanic activity and global climate and surface environmental changes, and construct the theoretical system and technical framework of volcano geoengineering. Among them, the study of magma plumbing systems based on magma dynamics and volcanology will provide a new theoretical basis for the prediction and monitoring of volcanic activities. The influence of volcanic activity is global. Therefore, it must seize the opportunity to make progress in deepening the theoretical research on the mechanism of volcanic eruption and building an engineering technology system to reduce the impact of volcanic disasters.
- volcano eruption /
- volcanic winter /
- monitoring volcanic activities /
- volcano geoengineering /
- petrology

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图 1 火山喷发的主要触发机制

Fig. 1. Major triggering mechanisms of volcano eruption

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 岩浆通道系统与火山‒气候效应示意图

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of magma plumbing systems and volcanic-climate impacts

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