Study on the Origin and Accumulation Model of Ordovician Multiphase Oil and Gas Reservoirs in South Tahe Area
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摘要: 针对塔里木盆地塔河南奥陶系多相态油气藏成因模式认识不清的问题，采用油藏地球化学、构造解析及地球物理等方法，查明奥陶系油藏流体具有“四低一高”特征，且干气与湿气并存，发育凝析气藏、挥发油气藏、轻质油藏3种相态，平面上呈现“东气西油”的分布格局. 奥陶系原油成熟度正常，未经历大规模裂解及TSR作用，但玉科地区遭受了较为强烈的蒸发分馏作用，晚期高熟油裂解气的充注改造是凝析气藏形成的重要原因. 塔河南主体区奥陶系轻质油藏具有“早期成藏、垂向运聚、侧向调整、分段富集”的特点，玉科地区奥陶系凝析气藏具有“多源供烃、早油晚气、垂向充注、侧向运聚”的特点. 综合认为：南部坳陷区域走滑断裂带内部可能仍具有巨大的石油资源.Abstract: The genetic model of the Ordovician multiphase oil and gas reservoirs in the south Tahe area is not well understood, the reservoir geochemistry, structural analysis, and geophysics have been used to conduct a deep study of the fluid properties, phase distribution, and origin of the Ordovician. It is discovered that the Ordovician reservoir fluid exhibits "four low and one high" features as well as the coexistence of dry gas and wet gas. Three different types of oil and gas reservoirs-condensate gas reservoir, volatile oil reservoir, and light oil reservoir-present the distribution pattern of east gas and west oil reservoirs, respectively. Only the nose bulge in the Hade block has experienced biodegradation, leaving most of the Ordovician crude oil in excellent condition. The crude oil has not experienced extensive cracking or TSR reaction and is of normal maturity. Early accumulation, vertical migration and accumulation, lateral adjustment, and sublevel enrichment are the characteristics of the primary Ordovician light oil reservoir in the main region. "Multi-source hydrocarbon supply, early oil and late gas, vertical charging and lateral migration and accumulation" are characteristics of the Ordovician condensate gas reservoir in the Yuke area's accumulation mechanism. It is determined that the Ordovician oil and gas preservation conditions are better in the south Tahe area, that there may still be major oil resources in the strike-slip fault zone in the southern depression area, and that there are significant natural gas resources in the platform margin zone of the Middle Cambrian Yijianfang Formation.
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图 1 塔河南区域构造位置及井位分布图
Fig. 1. Structural location and well position distribution diagram in the southern region of Tahe
图 2 塔河南地区奥陶系原油组分交会图
Fig. 2. Composition cross map of Ordovician crude oil in south Tahe area
图 3 塔河南奥陶系天然气性质交会图
Fig. 3. Cross plot of Ordovician natural gas properties in south Tahe area
图 4 塔河南奥陶系油气组分及相态分布图
Fig. 4. Composition and phase distribution map of Ordovician oil and gas in south Tahe area
图 5 塔河南奥陶系原油饱和烃色谱分析图
Fig. 5. Saturated hydrocarbon chromatographic analysis of Ordovician crude oil in the south Tahe area
图 6 塔河南地区奥陶系原油C22TT/C21TT与C24TT/C23TT(a)、C29ββ/(αα+ββ)与C2920S/(20S+20R)(b)、CPI与OEP(c)、C27重排甾烷/（重排甾烷+规则甾烷）与Ts/(Tm+Ts)(d)交会图
Fig. 6. Plot of the intersection between C22TT/C21TT and C24TT/C23TT(a), C29ββ/(αα+ββ) and C2920S/(20S+20R)(b), CPI and OEP(c), C27 rearranged steranes /(rearranged steranes + regular steranes) and Ts/(Tm+Ts)(d) of Ordovician crude oils in the south Tahe area
图 7 塔河南地区奥陶系原油甲基菲参数拟合等效镜质体反射率分布图
Rc1（%）=0.6×MPI1+0.4，MPI1=1.5×（3-MP+2-MP）/（P+9-MP+1-MP）；Rc2（%）=0.166+F1×2.242，F1=（3-MP+2-MP）/（1-+2-+3-+9-）MP；顺北地区数据来源于马安来等（2021）
Fig. 7. Equivalent vitrine reflectance distribution map fitted with methylphenanthrene parameters of Ordovician crude oil in the south Tahe area
图 8 塔河南地区奥陶系原油3-MH+2, 4-DMP与2-MH+2, 3-DMP、DBT/P与DBTs/Ars交会图Fi.8 Intersection diagram of 3-MH+2，4-DMP and 2-MH+2，3-DMP，DBT/P and DBTs/Ars of Ordovician crude oil in the southern Tahe area
塔中4数据来Song et al.（2017）
图 9 塔河南地区原油nC7/MCH与Tol/nC7、天然气Ro-C1与原油Rc1-MPI1交会图
轮古东数据来源于池林贤（2020）
Fig. 9. Intersection diagram of crude oil nC7/MCH and Tol/nC7, natural gas Ro-C1 and crude oil Rc1-MPI1 in the south of Tahe
图 10 塔河南地区奥陶系天然气甲烷碳同位素与乙丙烷碳同位素差值交会图
Fig. 10. The Cross plot of carbon isotope difference between methane and epropane of Ordovician natural gas in Tahenan area
图 11 塔河南地区奥陶系原油成熟度参数、气油比与埋深交会图
TMNr=1，3，7-/（1，3，7+1，2，5）-三甲基萘；GOR为气油比
Fig. 11. Plot of Ordovician oil maturity parameters, gas-oil ratio and burial depth intersection in the southern Tahe area
图 12 塔河南地区奥陶系油气运移趋势图
Fig. 12. Hydrocarbon migration trend of Ordovician in Tahenan area
图 13 玉科地区古生界丘滩体地震反射特征图Fi.13 Seismic reflection characteristics of Paleozoic mounds and shoals in Yuke area
图 14 塔河南-塔北奥陶系油藏成藏演化模式图
Fig. 14. Reservoir formation and evolution model map of Ordovician reservoirs in south Tahe and north Tahe
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