滑坡演化的基本属性与研究途径

唐辉明; 李长冬; 龚文平; 邹宗兴; 张永权; 张抒; 张俊荣

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2022.461

滑坡演化的基本属性与研究途径

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.461

唐辉明^{1, 2,},
李长冬^{1, 2},
龚文平^{1, 2},
邹宗兴²,
张永权^{1, 2},
张抒²,
张俊荣¹

1.
中国地质大学工程学院, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国地质大学湖北巴东地质灾害国家野外科学观测研究站, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金重大项目 42090050

详细信息

作者简介:
唐辉明（1962-），男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事工程地质、地质灾害预测与防治的科研与教学工作.E-mail：tanghm@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P642
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-22
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-10
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-25

Fundamental Attribute and Research Approach of Landslide Evolution

1.
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要:
我国是世界上滑坡地质灾害最严重的国家，重大滑坡防治是国家防灾减灾重大而迫切的战略需求.自然界经历了漫长的演化过程，演化是滑坡的基本属性，是滑坡工程地质研究的重要基础.滑坡演化机理、演化特征的正确认识及其定量表征，是滑坡预测预报和防控研究的关键组成部分.在归纳自然界演化共有特征的基础上，系统阐述了滑坡动力来源、演化形式、孕育模式、演化阶段和演化状态等基本属性；提出多场关联监测是揭示滑坡演化特征的有效手段，介绍了近期取得重要技术突破——滑坡柔性大变形监测技术；提出了演化在重大滑坡预测预报和防治中的应用途径，指出了重大滑坡演化进一步研究的方向.
- 滑坡 /
- 演化过程 /
- 基本属性 /
- 多场关联监测 /
- 预测与防治 /
- 工程地质
Abstract:
China is a particularly landslide-prone country in the world. The prevention and control of major landslides is an important and urgent strategic demand for national disaster prevention and mitigation. The nature has undergone a long evolutionary process, and evolution is the basic property of landslides as well as an important basis for landslide engineering geology research. The correct understanding of landslide evolution mechanism, evolution characteristics and their quantitative characterization are the key components of research on landslide prediction, forecasting, prevention and control. Based on the common characteristics of nature evolution, in this paper it systematically describes the basic properties of power sources, evolutionary forms, development patterns, evolutionary stages and evolutionary states of landslide. Meanwhile, in this paper it proposes that multi-field correlation monitoring is an effective means to reveal the evolutionary characteristics of landslides, introducing the recent technical breakthrough of landslide flexible deformation monitoring technology. Additionally, the application of evolution in the prediction and prevention of major landslides is proposed, and the further research on major landslide evolution is pointed out.
- landslide /
- evolution process /
- fundamental attribute /
- multi-field correlation monitoring /
- forecasting and prevention /
- engineering geology

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图 1 长江三峡地区阶地与滑坡前缘高程关系

据田陵君等(1996)；唐辉明（2015)；Tang et al.(2019)

Fig. 1. The elevation relationship between the river terrace and landslide's leading edge in the Three Gorges reservoir area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 渐变型滑坡演化模型

a.泊松密度函数；b.逻辑斯谛模型；据翁文波(1984)

Fig. 2. Evolution model of progressive landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 滑坡代表性孕育模式

a.顺层缓倾渐进滑移；b.顺层陡倾蠕变溃屈；c.深层顺向蠕变滑移；d.软弱夹层塑流滑脱；e.斜交切层贯通突滑；f.高陡反倾弯折滑移

Fig. 3. Representative formation modes of landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 黄土坡滑坡演化阶段示意图(据Deng et al., 2017)

Fig. 4. Schema of Huangtupo landslide evolutionary stages(after Deng et al., 2017)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 滑坡演化阶段的判识方法

a.工程地质方法; b.多场监测方法; c.数值模拟方法

Fig. 5. Identification method of landslide evolution stage

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图 6 滑坡演化阶段判识的性能切换模型

Fig. 6. Function switching model for landslide evolution stage identification

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图 7 滑坡多场信息关联监测设备

Fig. 7. Multi⁃field information correlation monitoring equipment for landslide

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图 8 滑坡多场动态关联监测体系(据Fang et al., 2022)

Fig. 8. Multi⁃field dynamic correlation monitoring system of landslide(after Fang et al., 2022)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 巴东野外综合试验场监测与试验体系(据Juang, 2021)

Fig. 9. Badong in⁃situ comprehensive experimental station and experimental system(after Juang, 2021)

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图 10 滑坡演化关键特征参量时空变化与地质体本构模型间多重映射关系

Fig. 10. Multiple mapping relationship between key characteristic parameters spatiotemporal variation of landslide evolution and constitutive model of geological body

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图 11 基于演化全过程模型的滑坡数值预报模式

Fig. 11. Landslides numerical prediction mode based on evolutionary global process model

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图 12 根据滑坡演化过程确定防治结构示意图

Fig. 12. Schema of prevention structure determination based on landslide evolution process

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 滑坡-刚性悬臂桩体系演化阶段划分

a.水位波动条件下体系演化阶段划分（据何春灿，2020）；b.不同演化阶段桩顶-坡表位移特征（据周昌，2020）

Fig. 13. Classification of landslide⁃rigid cantilevered stabilizing piles system evolution stages

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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