Northern and Central Segments of Shunbei No.5 Strike-Slip Fault Zone in Tarim Basin: Structural Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Evolution Process
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摘要: 顺北5号走滑断裂带，以独特的“纵向分层、走向分段、多期构造叠加”为典型的宏观构造特征.因其构造变形的复杂性，准确掌握其构造特征，进而重建其构造叠加演化历史仍然是一个关键命题，这对于理解走滑断裂带时-空演化过程具有重要意义.研究以深钻井和高精度三维地震资料为基础，通过剖面、层面构造解析与剖面构造回剥反演，对顺北5号带北-中段构造变形特征与多期构造叠加变形时-空序列进行精细、全面的研究，得出如下结论：（1）深部（震旦系至中奥陶统）主剪切带内，不同层系构造特征差异显著，沿断裂带走向构造变形显著分段，在纵向、走向两个维度都表现出显著的应力-应变局部化特征.（2）浅部碎屑岩层内（上奥陶统至石炭系），发育走滑相关褶皱变形和三套雁列正断层组.三套雁列正断层组上下叠置、多期叠加变形.其中，第一、第二雁列正断层组与发育在同一层系的走滑相关压扭背斜分别同期耦合变形.（3）顺北5号带北-中段经历了初始破裂期（中奥陶世末-晚奥陶世初）、构造雏形期（桑塔木组沉积早-中期）、构造大发展期（柯坪塔格组沉积期）、构造继承性活动期（塔塔埃尔塔格组沉积中后期至东河塘组沉积前）、剪切方向反转期（晚石炭世-二叠纪）等5个阶段的构造叠加演化历史.Abstract: The northern and central segments of the Shunbei No.5 strike-slip fault zone are characterized by multi-stage superimposing deformation along with the strike and vertical. Because of the complex structural deformation, it is challenging to understand the deformation and then reconstruct its spatio-temporal evolution process. Based on high-precision 3D seismic data, through precise structural interpretation and analysis of seismic profiles, as well as structural back-stripping restoration, in this study it conducted a more comprehensive study on the structural deformation and multi-stage evolution process of the fault zone, the conclusions are as follows. (1) In the deep sections (Sinian to Middle Ordovician), the principle deformation zone of the fault is characterized by stress-strain localization along with the strike and in the vertical. (2) In the upper sections (Upper Ordovician to Carboniferous), there are transpressional folds and three sets of en echelon normal faults. The three sets of en echelon normal faults are superimposed vertically and formed in different periods. Among them, the No.1 and No.2 en echelon normal faults formed simultaneously with the transpressional anticlines. (3) In general, the northern and central segments of the Shunbei No. 5 strike-slip fault zone had experienced five stages of structural evolution processes, they are the initial rupture period (in phase I of the middle Caledonian), structural embryonic period (the deposition period of the Sangtamu Formation), intense structural deformation period (the deposition period of the Kepingtage Formation), structural inheritance period (from the end of the Early Silurian to the Middle Devonian), and structural inversion period (in Permian).
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Key words:
- structural characteristics /
- structural evolution /
- strike-slip fault /
- Shunbei area /
- Tarim basin /
- tectonics
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图 1 塔里木盆地构造位置(a)与盆地中部下古生界断裂分布图(b)
断裂分布据邓尚等（2018，2019，2021）；马德波等（2018）；Deng et al.（2019）；陈槚俊等（2019）；Lan et al.（2015）及本研究修编
Fig. 1. Tetonic location of Tarim basin (a), and fault distribution of the Lower Paleozoic in center of the basin (b)
图 2 过顺北5号断裂带北-中段典型地震剖面(A-A′)综合解释(a)与顺北5井地层综合柱状图(b)
剖面位置见图 1；地层代号：Pt.元古界；1y+ 1x+ 1w.玉尔吐斯组+肖尔布拉克组+吾松格尔组；2s.沙依里克组；2a.阿瓦塔格组；3ql.秋里塔格组；O1p+O1-2y3-4.蓬莱坝组+鹰山组3-4段；O1-2y1-2+ O2yj.鹰山组1-2段+一间房组；O3q+ O3l+ O3s.恰尔巴克组+良里塔格组+桑塔木组；（O3-S1）k.柯坪塔格组；S1t.塔塔埃尔塔格组；D3d+C1b.东河塘组+巴楚组；P.二叠系；T.三叠系；K.白垩系
Fig. 2. Typical seismic profile (A-A′) and comprehensive interpretation (a), and integrated stratigraphic profiles of well Shunbei 5 (b)
图 6 顺北5号带北-中段典型剖面走滑相关褶皱幅度与断层垂向断距分析
Fig. 6. Amplitude of strike-slip related fold and fault throw of typical profiles in the northern and central segments of the Shunbei No.5 strike-slip fault zone
图 10 顺北5号带北-中段构造叠加演化序列
Fig. 10. Spatio-temporal eveloution process of the structural deformation in the northern and central segments of the No.5 strike-slip fault zone
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