Evaluation of Release Amount of Organic Carbon from Clayey Aquitard under Compaction
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摘要: 为定量评估压实过程中黏土弱透水层对相邻含水层的有机碳释放量，以沉湖湿地研究区钻孔沉积物的背景值为约束条件，采集表层原状淤泥开展了自然沉积和人为压实两种压实模式的物理模拟实验，建立了表征不同深度有机碳释放量差异性的数学模型.自然沉积条件下，有机碳通过矿化和相结合矿物的还原溶解随孔隙水释放；黏土层（厚度约20 m）压实释放的有机碳对下伏含水层（厚度约50~80 m）地下水的浓度贡献为6.99~11.19 mg/L，约是对流和扩散作用的3.9倍.人为压实以地面沉降为例，有机碳的浓度贡献为0.19~2.02 mg/L，高于同一时期的对流和扩散作用.黏土弱透水层的压实释水是地下水中有机碳的重要来源，在天然劣质地下水的研究中应引起重视.Abstract: In order to quantitatively assess the amount of organic carbon (OC) released by clayey aquitard to adjacent aquifers during compaction, the background values of OC in borehole sediments were used as the constraint condition in the study area of the Chen Lake Wetland. The physical simulation experiments of natural sedimentation and artificial compaction were carried out by collecting surficial undisturbed silt, and a mathematical model representing the difference of release amount of OC at different depths was established. Under natural deposition conditions, sediment OC was released with pore water through mineralization and reduction dissolution of associated minerals; the concentration contribution of OC to the underlying aquifer (about 50-80 m) from clayey aquitard (about 20 m) is 6.99-11.19 mg/L under compaction, which is about 3.9 times of OC release amount under advection and diffusion. Under artificial compaction condition represented by land subsidence, the concentration contribution of organic carbon is 0.19-2.02 mg/L under compaction, which is higher than that of advection and diffusion in the same period. Compaction release of clayey aquitard pore water is an important source of OC in groundwater, which should be paid more attention in the study of natural inferior groundwater.
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Key words:
- clayey aquitard /
- pore water /
- organic carbon /
- release amount evaluation /
- simulation experiment /
- hydrogeology
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图 3 不同增压速率下释水量和压力的关系
Fig. 3. Relationship between water yield and pressure under different pressurization rates
图 4 实验A中沉积物TOC和孔隙水DOC含量随增压的变化
Fig. 4. Variation of concentrations of sediment TOC and pore water DOC with pressurization in Experiment A
图 5 实验A孔隙水中的主要成分含量随增压的变化
Fig. 5. Variation of concentrations of main components in pore water with pressurization in Experiment A
图 6 沉湖钻孔沉积物TOC和孔隙水DOC含量随深度的变化
Fig. 6. Variation of sediment TOC and pore water DOC contents with pressurization of borehole in Chen Lake
图 7 实验B中沉积物TOC和孔隙水DOC含量随增压的变化
Fig. 7. Variation of concentrations of sediment TOC and pore water DOC with pressurization in Experiment B
图 8 实验A中含水率与DOC释放量的关系
a.含水率和DOC释放量随增压的变化；b.含水率与DOC释放量的线性拟合
Fig. 8. Relationship between moisture content and DOC release amount in Experiment A
图 9 实验B中（a）含水率和DOC释放量随增压的变化；（b）含水率与DOC释放量的线性拟合
Fig. 9. (a) Variation of moisture content and DOC release amount with pressurization; (b) linear fitting of moisture content and DOC release amount in Experiment B
表 1 实验A中气体样品含量随增压的变化
Table 1. Variation of gas content with pressurization in Experiment A
加压时间（h） 累积压力（MPa） CO2（10‒6） CH4（10‒6） 170 3.40 9 268.81±937.83 11 301.92±727.58 220 4.40 8 463.48±16.33 18 851.73±1.44 295 5.90 4 143.31±73.91 15 302.55±14.90 
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表 2 实验B中气体样品含量随增压的变化
Table 2. Variation of gas content with pressurization in Experiment B
加压时间（h） 累积压力（MPa） CO2（10‒6） CH4（10‒6） 120 0.5 1 763.6±50.18 1 834.30±25.28 264 1.1 2 324.6±106.76 3 948.25±19.14
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表 3 单位面积黏土弱透水层释放的DOC通量和及地下水DOC浓度的贡献量
Table 3. Release amount of DOC from clayey aquitard and its contribution to groundwater DOC content in unit area
沉积速率(m/a)×
超采时间(a)压实释放的DOC总量
(mg)压实对地下水DOC的浓度贡献
(mg/L)对流和扩散释放的DOC总量
(mg)对地下水DOC的浓度贡献总量(mg/L) 0.2×5 6462.55 0.19~0.31 12 720 0.57~0.91 0.2×15 10 703.27 0.32~0.51 12 960 0.70~1.13 0.2×30 17 064.36 0.51~0.81 13 320 0.90~1.45 0.4×5 8 582.91 0.26~0.41 12 720 0.63~1.01 0.4×15 17 064.36 0.51~0.81 12 960 0.90~1.43 0.4×30 29 786.54 0.89~1.42 13 320 1.28~2.05 0.6×5 10 703.27 0.32~0.51 12 720 0.70~1.12 0.6×15 23 425.45 0.70~1.12 12 960 1.08~1.73 0.6×30 42 508.71 1.27~2.02 13 320 1.66~2.66 注：压缩比(t)=沉积速率×超采时间/黏土层厚度(20 m)；压实释放的DOC总量(Q)=(20 m3/πR2h)×(7.489 8×压缩比+0.766 9)，R= 4 cm，h=70 cm；浓度贡献=DOC释放量/(含水层厚度×孔隙度×1 m3).
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