Petrogenesis and Geotectonica Significance of TTG Gneiss in Late Neoarchean Dengfeng Complex
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摘要: 英云闪长岩-奥长花岗岩-花岗闪长岩（TTG）是地球早期大陆地壳最重要的组成部分，与早期构造环境和地壳分异过程关系紧密.通过岩相学、强烈的轻重稀土元素分异等地球化学特征、锆石的Hf模式年龄和U-Pb年龄以及微量元素模拟等手段，界定了登封地区TTG片麻岩的源岩及其残留相.锆石U-Pb定年显示登封杂岩内有两期TTG岩浆作用（2.57~2.55 Ga和2.55~2.51 Ga）.并且，同位素系统研究表明，登封杂岩中具有较高的εHf（t）和εNd（t）值（1.7~9.7和0.23~3.87），接近同时代亏损地幔值.TTG片麻岩具有较高的SiO2和Na2O含量，较低的Mg#、Cr、Ni、Yb和Y含量，具有较高的La/Yb和Sr/Y比值.这些资料表明，登封地区的岩石代表了成熟地壳的主要岩石组成.该地区的岩性组合、构造样式和地球化学等多方面证据表明登封杂岩内部的绿岩带组合（变质火山沉积岩）是弧前杂岩和增生杂岩；以TTG为主的东部和西部登封杂岩可能是岛弧核部，它们共同组成了板块汇聚的标志性产物.微量元素模拟进一步表明登封地区TTG片麻岩是由俯冲洋壳的含水玄武岩（角闪岩）部分熔融形成，并留下了含石榴子石的角闪岩残余物.据此推断在此期间发生了年轻地壳生长，而华北克拉通南缘的新太古代晚期TTG片麻岩（2.57~2.50 Ga）见证了新陆壳的生长.Abstract: Tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) is the most important component of the early continental crust of the Earth, which is closely related to the early tectonic environment and crustal differentiation process. By means of petrography, rare earth element differentiation, U-Pb age and Hf model age of zircon and trace element simulation based on the partial melting degree, this paper defines the protolith of TTG gneiss in Dengfeng area and its residual phase during partial melting. Meanwhile, zircon U-Pb dating shows that Dengfeng complex recorded two TTG magmatism (2.57-2.55 Ga and 2.55-2.51 Ga). TTG in Dengfeng complex has high εHf(t) and εNd(t) values (1.7-9.7 and 0.23-3.87), which are close to the depleted mantle values of the same period. In addition, TTG gneiss has high SiO2, Na2O, La/Yb and Sr/Y ratios and low Mg#, Cr, Ni, Yb, and Y contents. These data indicate that the rocks in the Dengfeng area represent the main components of mature crust. It is suggested by various data, including rock types, structural patterns, and geochemistry, that the greenstone belt combination (metamorphic volcanic sedimentary rocks) within the Dengfeng complex is forearc and accretionary terranes. The TTG-dominated Dengfeng complexes in the eastern and western parts may represent the island arc's core, and they collectively constitute the signature product of plate convergence. Further simulations of trace elements indicate that TTG gneisses in the Dengfeng area were partially melted from hydrated basaltic (amphibolite) rocks of the subducted oceanic crust, leaving behind garnet-bearing amphibolite residues. As such, we can infer that there was significant growth of young crust during this period, and the late Neoarchean TTG gneiss (2.57- 2.50 Ga) found along the southern margin of the North China Craton provides evidence to the formation of a new continental crust.
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Key words:
- North China Craton /
- TTG /
- trace element simulation /
- Hf isotope /
- continental crust evolution /
- petrology /
- geochemistry
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图 1 华北克拉通基底构造单元划分图据(Zhai and Santosh, 2011)
Fig. 1. Tectonic subdivision of the North China Craton (after Zhai and Santosh, 2011)
图 2 登封地区地质简图(据Diwu et al., 2011)
Fig. 2. Geological map of Dengfeng area (after Diwu et al., 2011)
图 3 登封花岗岩‒绿岩带构造单元野外及镜下显微照片
a. 二长花岗岩脉与奥长花岗质片麻岩接触关系；b. 二长花岗岩脉侵入到奥长花岗质片麻岩和斜长角闪岩中间，奥长花岗岩与斜长角闪岩呈不整合接触；c. 花岗闪长片麻岩中的斜长角闪岩包体；d~f. 奥长花岗岩镜下显微照片. Bt. 黑云母；Pl. 斜长石；Qz. 石英
Fig. 3. Field and microscopic photographs of tectonic units in Dengfeng granite-greenstone belt
图 4 登封地区TTG岩石性质判别图
a. SiO2-K2O+Na2O，底图据Middlemost（1994）；b. An-Ab-Or三角图，底图据Barker and Arth（1976）；c. SiO2-K2O，底图据Rickwood（1989）；d. K2O-Na2O-CaO三角图；e. SiO2-MgO，PMB. 实验条件下变质玄武岩的部分熔融；LSA.低硅adakite；HAS.高硅adakite，底图据（Martin et al.2005）；f. A/CNK-A/NK，底图据Maniar and Piccoli（1989）
Fig. 4. TTG rock property discrimination diagram in Dengfeng area
图 5 登封地区TTG片麻岩中锆石U-Pb数据协和图及锆石微量元素特征
Fig. 5. Concordia diagrams of zircon U-Pb data from TTG gneisses in the Dengfeng area
图 6 登封地区基性岩微量元素模拟结果对比
a~b. 以Wang et al.（2017b）报道的斜长角闪岩进行1%~25%批式部分熔融的结果；c~d. 以周艳艳等（2009）报道的斜长角闪岩包体进行1%~25%批式部分熔融的结果；e~f. 以周艳艳等（2009）报道的类MORB型斜长角闪岩进行1%~25%批式部分熔融的结果；分配系数来自Barth et al.（2002）、Xiong（2006）；原始地幔标准化值来自Sun and McDonough（1989）
Fig. 6. Comparative diagram of trace element simulation results of basic rocks in Dengfeng area
图 7 登封地区TTG片麻岩和斜长角闪岩锆石年龄-εHf(t)和锆石年龄-εNd(t)图解
Fig. 7. Zircon ages-εHf(t) and zircon ages-εNd(t) of TTG gneiss and amphibolite in Dengfeng area
图 8 登封地区TTG片麻岩构造成因判别图
a. La/Yb-Sr/Y，底图据Moyen（2011）；b. Y-Ce/Sr底图据Moyen（2011）；c. Y-Sr/Y，底图据Moyen and Martin（2012）；d. Sr/Y-Eu/Eu*. PM.部分熔融；AllFC.同化混染；Cpx.单斜辉石；Hbl.角闪石；Pl.斜长石；Grt.石榴子石. 图例同图 4一致
Fig. 8. Discriminant map of TTG gneiss structure in Dengfeng area (the legends are the same to figure 4)
图 9 登封地区TTG片麻岩岩石成因判别图
a. Rb-Rb/Sr；b. Nb/Ta-Zr/Sm；c. 3CaO-Al2O3/（FeOT+MgO）-5K2O/Na2O，底图据Laurent et al.（2014）；d. SiO2-Mg#. 图例同图 4一致
Fig. 9. Genetic discriminant map of TTG gneiss in Dengfeng area
图 10 登封地区TTG岩石和斜长角闪岩的锆石年龄变化
Fig. 10. Zircon age variation of TTG rocks and amphibolite in Dengfeng area
图 11 洋壳不同部位大洋板块地层序列与华北克拉通中部造山带南段新太古代大地构造模型（据黄波，2020；Huang et al., 2022）
Fig. 11. Neo-Archean geotectonic model of the southern part of the central orogenic belt of the North China Craton (after Huang, 2020; Huang et al., 2022)
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