The Difference of Source Rocks in Source-Reservoir Structure of Tight Sandstones of Chang 71 Submember and Its Influence on Hydrocarbon Enrichment, Longdong Area, Ordos Basin
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摘要: 为推进鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段致密油勘探，依托砂地比、岩石热解、生烃热模拟试验和测井、录井数据系统划分长71亚段源储结构，分析不同源储结构的烃源岩差异，探究其烃源岩对致密砂岩含油性的影响.结果表明，研究区主要发育源夹储型、源储互层型和储夹源型3类源储结构.由于生油母质的差异，页岩比泥岩具有更优的生排烃能力，源夹储型具有最好的自源供烃条件，其次为源储互层型与储夹源型.源储结构中砂体的含油性主要受控于烃源岩品质与储层物性的耦合关系，优质储层与中等品质源岩交互叠置的空间配置关系使得源储互层型的含油性较高且稳定，储夹源型中优质砂体与较差源岩的耦合导致了其含油性次之，而源夹储型中的差储层限制了其含油性.Abstract: The Member 7 in the Longdong area of the Ordos basin mainly develops semi-deep lacustrine-deep lacustrine shale, which is a significant target for tight oil exploration. Based on the sand-ground ratio and lithologic thickness, the source-reservoir structures of submember 71 were systematically divided. Based on the rock pyrolysis, hydrocarbon generation thermal simulation and logging data, the source rocks' differences of different source-reservoir structures of submember 71 were evaluated, and the influence of source rocks on the oil bearing property of tight sandstone was explored. The results show that the submember 71 of Yanchang Formation can be divided into three types of primary source reservoir structures, namely reservoir sandwiching source(Type 1), source reservoir interbedding (Type 2), and source sandwiching reservoir (Type 3). The black shale has better hydrocarbon generation and expulsion ability than the dark mudstone, which leads to the result that the Type 3 structure with high source-land ratio has the best hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, followed by the Type 2 structure and Type 1 structure. The oil bearing property of tight sand in different source-reservoir structure is mainly controlled by the coupling relationship between source rock quality and reservoir physical properties. The high-quality reservoir and medium quality source rock in Type 2 structure make it stable with high oil-bearing property. For the Type 1 structure, the coupling between the high property sand bodies (> 6%) and the adjacent poor source rocks results in the large variation of oil saturation (13%-53%). The poor properties of the Type 3 structure's reservoir limit its oil enrichment.
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图 1 研究区构造位置（a）与延长组长7段综合柱状图（b）
修改自吕奇奇等（2020）
Fig. 1. Structural location of the study area (a) and the stratigraphic column of the Chang 7 Member (b)
图 2 研究区长71亚段泥页岩测井响应
Fig. 2. Logging response of mudstone and shale in the Chang 71 submember of the study area
图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71亚段源储结构模式
Fig. 3. Source-reservoir structure of Chang 71 submember in Longdong area, Ordos basin
图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71亚段烃源岩厚度(a)，沉积相(b)，砂地比及油藏分布区(c)，孔隙度与油水产量平面图(d)
Fig. 4. Thickness of source rock (a), sedimentary facies map (b), sand ratio and reservoir distribution (c), and porosity and oil production (d) of Chang 71 submenber in Longdong area of Ordos basin
图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71段AA1 (a)与BB1(b)烃源岩及油藏分布
Fig. 5. Distribution of AA1 (a) and BB1 (b) source rocks and reservoirs in Chang 71 submember, Longdong area, Ordos basin
图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71段泥岩页岩地化特征对比
a. 烃源岩TOC分布；b. 烃源岩有机质类型；c. 泥页岩Ro分布；d. 宁49井长71亚段综合柱状图
Fig. 6. Geochemical parameters of mudstone and shale of Chang 71 submember in Longdong area, Ordos basin
图 7 黑色页岩和暗色泥岩生排烃量特征
a. 庄140井，1 834 m，长71亚段，黑色页岩开放热模拟实验累计生烃量；b. 西233，1 944.3 m，长71亚段，暗色泥岩开放热模拟实验累计生烃量；c. 热模拟计算不同Ro烃源岩累计生烃量；d. 热模拟计算不同TOC烃源岩累计生烃量；e. 热模拟计算不同Ro烃源岩累计排烃量；f. 热模拟计算不同TOC烃源岩累计排烃量
Fig. 7. Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of black shale and dark mudstone
图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71亚段源储结构烃源岩特征
a. 烃源岩总厚度；b. 烃源岩单层厚度；c. TOC；d. S1+S2；e. HI
Fig. 8. Source rock thickness and pyrolysis parameters of source-reservoir structure of Chang 71 submember in Ordos basin
图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71亚段源储结构含油性差异
Fig. 9. Difference in oil-bearing of source-reservoir structure of Chang 71 submember in Ordos basin
图 10 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区典型井长71亚段储层物性与含油性特征
a. 典型井长71亚段储层孔隙度；b. 典型井长71亚段储层渗透率；c. 长71亚段储层充注强度；d. 长71亚段储层含油饱和度；e. 长71亚段储层油层数/砂层数
Fig. 10. Reservoir physical properties and oil-bearing characteristics for the typical wells of Chang 71 submember in Longdong area, Ordos basin
图 11 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71亚段致密油So、TOC与φ耦合关系
a. 源储互层型；b. 源夹储型；c. 储夹源型；d. 整体数据关系
Fig. 11. Coupling relationship between So, TOC and φ of Chang 71 submember in Longdong area, Ordos basin
图 12 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71亚段致密油差异富集模式
Fig. 12. Oil enrichment pattern of tight sandstone of Chang 71 submember in Longdong area, Ordos basin
表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长71亚段源储结构烃源岩差异
Table 1. Differences in soucre rock of source-reservoir of Chang 71 submember in Longdong area
类型 源岩厚度(m) 泥地比(%) 页地比(%) TOC(%) S1(mg/g) S2(mg/g) HI(mg/g TOC) S1+S2(mg/g) 储夹源型 1.6~14 8~36 0~23 0.52~3.00 0.09~3.42 0.33~5.80 63.5~287.8 0.42~6.74 7.1 26.5 3.1 1.20 0.80 1.68 125.11 2.48 源储互层型 5.4~15.7 22~50 0~13 0.52~3.60 0.09~1.25 0.33~11.30 63.5~311.8 0.42~12.54 10.69 40.2 3.6 2.40 0.40 3.10 140.8 3.50 源夹储型 9.9~27.2 13~83 0~40 0.36~15.30 0.16~7.40 0.09~27.20 66.7~319.6 0.34~30.8 15.2 67 5.6 4.60 2.30 8.30 161.3 10.50 注：$ \frac{\mathrm{最}\mathrm{小}\mathrm{值}\sim \mathrm{最}\mathrm{大}\mathrm{值}}{\mathrm{平}\mathrm{均}\mathrm{值}} $. 
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