Magmatism Records of Palaeo-Tethyan Evolution: Evidence from Indosinian Volcanic Rocks in Southeastern Guangxi
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摘要: 为了探讨古特提斯构造演化是否在华南大陆西南缘保存有岩浆作用记录，本文对桂东南印支期火山岩开展了年代学和元素地球化学分析.研究结果表明，两个代表性英安斑岩样品分别给出了（245±2）Ma和（247±4）Ma的形成时代，表明桂东南发育早‒中三叠世火山作用.英安斑岩具有高钾、富铝、贫钛、贫镁的特征，表现出准铝质高钾钙碱性岩石的特征.样品总体富集Rb、Th、U，亏损Ti、Ba、P、Sr，Nb、Ta负异常明显.轻、重稀土分馏较明显，Eu具中等负异常.综合分析表明，英安斑岩主要来源于地壳物质的熔融，并经历了一定程度的分离结晶作用；桂东南与海南岛、金沙江、哀牢山一带的印支早期岩浆岩在岩石类型、地球化学特征、沉积序列和古生物化石方面均具有可对比性，暗示这些地区在印支早期可能经历了相似的构造演化事件，主要受控于古特提斯构造域，推测桂东南于早‒中三叠世进入同碰撞阶段.Abstract: To determine the availability of the magmatism records of Palaeo-Tethyan evolution in the southeastern margin of the South China continent, detailed LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb geochronological and elemental geochemical analyses of the Indosinian volcanic rocks in the southeastern Guangxi have been carried out in this paper. Geochronological results show that two representative dacite porphyry samples yield zircon U-Pb ages of (245±2) Ma and (247±4) Ma, respectively, indicating that Early to Middle Triassic volcanism occurred in the southeastern Guangxi. Elemental geochemical results show that the dacite porphyry is characterized by high K2O and Al2O3 contents, and low TiO2 and MgO contents, belonging to the metaluminous high-K calc-alkaline series rocks. The samples show enrichment in Rb, Th, and U, and are characterized by negative Ba, Ti, Sr, P, and Nb-Ta anomalies. They also show obvious LREE and HREE fractionation, and have moderate negative Eu anomalies. The above data indicate that the dacite porphyry mainly originated from the melting of crustal materials, and fractional crystallization occurred during the process of magmatic evolution. Combined with regional geological data, it is suggested that the Indosinian magmatic rock assemblages, geochemical characteristics, sedimentary sequences, and paleontological fossils in the southeastern Guangxi are comparable to those in the Hainan Island and Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan regions, suggesting that these regions may have experienced similar tectonic events during the Indosinian Period, which were mainly controlled by the Palaeo-Tethyan tectonic domain during the Indosinian. The formation of the Indosinian dacite porphyry in southeastern Guangxi possibly represents a syn-collisional stage during the Early to Middle Triassic.
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图 1 桂东南大地构造位置（a）及区域地质图（b）
前人花岗岩年龄数据来自Jiao et al.（2015）、Li et al.（2016）、Zhou et al.（2023）
Fig. 1. Tectonic location (a) and regional geological map (b) of Southeast Guangxi
图 2 桂东南钦防地区英安斑岩野外露头（a、b）、手标本（c、d）及显微照片（e、f）
Pl.斜长石；Qtz.石英
Fig. 2. Field outcrops (a, b), rock samples (c, d) and photomicrographs (e, f) of dacite porphyry in Qinfang area, southeastern Guangxi
图 3 桂东南钦防地区英安斑岩锆石CL图像
Fig. 3. Zircon CL images of dacite porphyry in Qinfang area, southeastern Guangxi
图 4 桂东南钦防地区英安斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图
Fig. 4. Zircon U-Pb age concordia diagrams of dacite porphyry in Qinfang area, southeastern Guangxi
图 5 桂东南钦防地区英安斑岩0.000 1×Zr/TiO2-SiO2（a）、SiO2-K2O（b）、A/CNK-A/NK（c）图解
海南、哀牢山、金沙江、东兴-江州流纹岩数据分别引自芶琪钰等（2019）、刘翠等（2011）、Wang et al.（2014）、刘冬梅等（2021）
Fig. 5. Plots of 0.000 1×Zr/TiO2 vs. SiO2 (a), SiO2 vs. K2O (b), and A/CNK vs. A/NK (c) of dacite porphyry in Qinfang area, southeastern Guangxi
图 6 桂东南钦防地区英安斑岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图（a）和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图（b）
数据来源同图 5；标准化值据Sun and McDonough（1989）
Fig. 6. Chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns (a) and primitive mantle-normalized multi-element diagram (b) of dacite porphyry in Qinfang area, southeastern Guangxi
图 7 桂东南钦防地区英安斑岩δEu-(La/Yb)N（a）、La-La/Sm（b）和Rb/Sr-Rb/Ba（c）图解
数据来源同图 5
Fig. 7. Plots of δEu vs. (La/Yb)N (a), La vs. La/Sm (b) and Rb/Sr vs. Rb/Ba (c) of dacite porphyry in Qinfang area, southeastern Guangxi
图 8 钦防、海南、金沙江和哀牢山地区晚古生代‒早中生代岩浆岩年龄统计图
数据来源见Zhou et al.（2023）
Fig. 8. Age of igneous rocks from Qinfang, Hainan, Jinshajiang and Ailaoshan areas in the Late Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic
表 1 桂东南钦防地区英安斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测试结果
Table 1. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic analyses of dacite porphyry in Qinfang area, southeastern Guangxi
点号 元素含量（10‒6） Th/U 同位素比值 年龄（Ma） 232Th 238U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 16DX-35-01 378 928 0.41 0.052 2 0.005 5 0.279 7 0.031 2 0.039 7 0.001 1 295 244 250 25 251 7 16DX-35-02 460 1 609 0.29 0.050 3 0.004 6 0.283 9 0.030 7 0.039 7 0.001 5 209 196 254 24 251 9 16DX-35-03 324 846 0.38 0.050 9 0.003 9 0.281 0 0.021 5 0.039 7 0.001 1 235 208 251 17 251 7 16DX-35-04 542 1 967 0.28 0.049 7 0.003 7 0.276 5 0.025 3 0.038 5 0.000 7 189 157 248 20 244 4 16DX-35-05 764 1 304 0.59 0.051 4 0.003 7 0.268 9 0.019 8 0.038 4 0.001 2 257 167 242 16 243 7 16DX-35-06 176 1 081 0.16 0.051 1 0.005 5 0.278 8 0.029 4 0.038 9 0.001 4 256 220 250 23 246 8 16DX-35-07 293 1 001 0.30 0.051 5 0.004 0 0.277 0 0.021 2 0.039 0 0.000 9 265 176 248 17 247 5 16DX-35-08 118 614 0.20 0.050 4 0.003 4 0.271 0 0.017 8 0.038 2 0.000 7 213 153 243 14 241 4 16DX-35-09 305 1 060 0.29 0.048 7 0.002 8 0.266 4 0.015 6 0.038 8 0.000 6 200 65 240 13 246 4 16DX-35-10 957 2 193 0.44 0.062 7 0.002 4 1.092 9 0.041 1 0.123 2 0.001 6 698 86 750 20 749 9 16DX-35-11 362 826 0.44 0.050 9 0.004 8 0.276 7 0.026 6 0.038 8 0.001 0 235 207 248 21 246 6 16DX-35-12 350 1 377 0.25 0.049 5 0.003 2 0.270 7 0.017 8 0.038 8 0.000 6 172 152 243 14 245 4 16DX-35-13 194 545 0.36 0.057 2 0.004 7 0.273 1 0.020 0 0.039 0 0.002 2 498 183 245 16 246 14 16DX-35-14 587 1 458 0.40 0.050 6 0.002 2 0.271 7 0.011 5 0.038 9 0.000 5 220 102 244 9 246 3 16DX-35-15 599 1 936 0.31 0.087 5 0.006 5 2.416 4 0.135 2 0.199 7 0.010 1 1 372 144 1 247 40 1 174 54 16DX-35-16 605 1 143 0.53 0.055 4 0.005 8 0.292 4 0.028 6 0.038 4 0.000 8 428 240 260 22 243 5 16DX-35-17 325 319 1.02 0.061 4 0.007 8 0.546 2 0.054 9 0.071 1 0.002 2 650 274 443 36 443 13 16DX-35-18 986 1 693 0.58 0.051 1 0.001 9 0.273 3 0.010 1 0.038 7 0.000 4 256 82 245 8 245 3 16DX-35-19 429 1 545 0.28 0.052 3 0.004 8 0.277 1 0.025 4 0.038 6 0.001 0 302 211 248 20 244 6 16DX-35-20 332 1 875 0.18 0.048 2 0.002 2 0.257 1 0.012 0 0.038 5 0.000 5 109 104 232 10 244 3 16DX-36-01 157 424 0.37 0.078 1 0.003 0 2.182 3 0.085 8 0.200 9 0.006 4 1 150 78 1 175 27 1 180 34 16DX-36-02 321 1 090 0.30 0.051 2 0.002 3 0.276 5 0.012 6 0.038 8 0.001 2 250 104 248 10 246 8 16DX-36-03 238 836 0.28 0.051 4 0.003 0 0.279 7 0.016 6 0.039 1 0.001 3 257 135 250 13 247 8 16DX-36-04 285 796 0.36 0.051 0 0.003 0 0.274 2 0.016 8 0.038 8 0.001 5 239 137 246 13 246 9 16DX-36-05 232 516 0.45 0.050 4 0.002 8 0.267 9 0.014 3 0.038 7 0.001 3 213 131 241 11 245 8 16DX-36-06 65.5 163 0.40 0.076 7 0.007 6 1.744 8 0.156 7 0.170 2 0.006 6 1 122 199 1 025 58 1 013 36 16DX-36-07 166 679 0.24 0.056 9 0.008 7 0.286 7 0.031 9 0.038 9 0.001 7 487 343 256 25 246 10 16DX-36-08 518 906 0.57 0.071 5 0.003 2 1.638 0 0.076 1 0.165 2 0.005 5 972 91 985 29 985 30 16DX-36-09 234 456 0.51 0.051 9 0.003 5 0.275 6 0.018 6 0.038 7 0.001 3 283 156 247 15 245 8 16DX-36-10 163 450 0.36 0.051 2 0.003 3 0.270 8 0.017 5 0.038 6 0.001 3 250 150 243 14 244 8 16DX-36-11 298 537 0.55 0.052 3 0.002 7 0.276 2 0.014 1 0.038 6 0.001 3 298 119 248 11 244 8 16DX-36-12 161 775 0.21 0.051 7 0.004 2 0.271 6 0.019 7 0.038 9 0.001 3 333 189 244 16 246 8 16DX-36-13 277 621 0.44 0.055 1 0.008 4 0.311 6 0.047 3 0.041 0 0.001 9 417 348 275 37 259 12 16DX-36-14 175 655 0.26 0.051 8 0.002 8 0.285 8 0.015 4 0.040 0 0.001 3 276 124 255 12 253 8 16DX-36-15 191 408 0.47 0.049 9 0.002 7 0.281 6 0.015 2 0.040 5 0.001 4 191 131 252 12 256 8 16DX-36-16 201 683 0.29 0.050 2 0.003 2 0.281 1 0.018 3 0.040 2 0.001 4 211 144 252 14 254 8 16DX-36-17 415 1 232 0.34 0.050 1 0.002 5 0.279 4 0.013 5 0.040 2 0.001 3 198 115 250 11 254 8 16DX-36-18 77.5 176 0.44 0.051 6 0.005 3 0.276 8 0.028 2 0.038 8 0.001 5 333 243 248 22 245 9 16DX-36-19 119 554 0.21 0.048 6 0.004 0 0.263 6 0.022 5 0.039 2 0.001 4 128 194 238 18 248 9 16DX-36-20 256 881 0.29 0.050 9 0.002 3 0.272 3 0.012 0 0.038 8 0.001 2 235 108 245 10 245 8 16DX-36-21 261 643 0.41 0.050 1 0.003 6 0.272 9 0.020 1 0.039 3 0.001 3 198 160 245 16 249 8 16DX-36-22 1 005 1 212 0.83 0.069 1 0.002 6 1.399 3 0.053 2 0.146 1 0.004 7 902 71 889 23 879 27 16DX-36-23 199 467 0.42 0.051 2 0.003 3 0.269 5 0.016 7 0.038 5 0.001 3 256 145 242 13 243 8 16DX-36-24 471 773 0.61 0.055 5 0.003 3 0.290 0 0.018 4 0.038 4 0.001 4 432 133 259 14 243 9 16DX-36-25 188 501 0.38 0.051 0 0.003 3 0.269 5 0.016 6 0.038 7 0.001 3 239 153 242 13 245 8 
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表 2 桂东南钦防地区英安斑岩主量元素（%）和稀土、微量元素（10-6）分析结果
Table 2. Major elements (%), trace elements (10‒6) and REEs (10‒6) compositions of dacite porphyry in Qinfang area, southeastern Guangxi
样品号 16DX32 16DX33 16DX34 16DX35 16DX36 16DX37 16DX38 16DX39 SiO2 66.2 64.9 65.9 66.0 69.5 68.9 68.4 68.9 TiO2 0.91 0.92 0.94 0.94 0.84 0.87 0.86 0.86 Al2O3 13.7 13.5 13.7 13.8 12.7 12.8 13.1 12.8 Fe2O3T 6.77 6.86 7.00 7.01 6.10 6.29 6.20 6.25 MgO 1.30 1.29 1.31 1.33 1.14 1.15 1.18 1.16 CaO 3.78 3.68 3.75 3.77 3.51 3.51 3.43 3.49 K2O 4.29 4.38 4.45 4.45 3.89 4.00 3.94 3.98 Na2O 1.62 1.69 1.55 1.61 1.54 1.50 1.94 1.61 MnO 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 P2O5 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.17 烧矢量 1.02 1.90 1.03 1.06 0.55 0.55 0.51 0.67 总量 99.9 99.4 100 100 100 99.8 99.7 99.9 A/CNK 0.97 0.95 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.95 0.96 A/NK 1.85 1.77 1.83 1.82 1.86 1.85 1.73 1.81 Mg# 31 31 30 31 30 30 31 30 V 85.0 71.9 75.2 74.7 78.0 67.0 69.3 70.7 Cr 30.0 36.0 38.1 36.9 30.0 31.2 33.7 34.3 Ga 23.3 12.3 12.4 12.5 21.0 12.0 12.0 12.2 Rb 198 205 210 214 181 187 192 198 Sr 132 129 131 131 120 121 120 125 Y 59.0 56.4 56.7 57.4 54.9 53.7 53.0 54.2 Zr 392 388 403 343 354 342 347 352 Nb 17.1 19.7 20.3 20.4 15.8 17.4 17.7 17.9 Cs 7.36 7.58 7.72 7.76 23.1 23.8 23.4 24.7 Ba 713 758 763 759 719 751 772 775 La 51.5 52.5 53.8 54.3 48.1 52.1 51.3 52.8 Ce 105 106 109 110 102 104 104 105 Pr 12.0 12.7 12.7 12.7 11.5 12.3 12.1 12.4 Nd 45.7 36.5 37.7 37.5 44.3 35.7 35.7 36.8 Sm 9.78 10.60 10.80 10.80 9.27 10.20 10.10 10.50 Eu 1.74 1.81 1.82 1.84 1.55 1.70 1.67 1.73 Gd 10.80 9.97 10.10 10.20 10.40 9.67 9.52 9.80 Tb 1.60 1.82 1.85 1.86 1.49 1.78 1.78 1.81 Dy 10.1 10.5 10.4 10.5 9.8 10.2 10.1 10.2 Ho 2.19 2.20 2.19 2.20 2.07 2.14 2.10 2.15 Er 6.22 5.73 5.73 5.86 6.07 5.74 5.57 5.72 Tm 0.93 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.89 0.98 0.94 0.97 Yb 5.82 6.40 6.36 6.53 5.62 6.34 6.18 6.32 Lu 0.92 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.85 0.94 0.92 0.95 Hf 10.4 11.2 11.4 10.2 9.5 10.7 10.4 10.7 Ta 1.30 1.45 1.45 1.49 1.20 1.45 1.42 1.44 Th 23.2 25.3 25.0 25.7 23.2 27.1 25.8 26.1 U 5.37 5.98 5.91 6.08 5.30 6.36 6.10 6.27 W 3.00 2.15 2.03 2.14 2.00 2.59 1.81 1.83 ∑REE 264 259 265 266 254 254 252 257 δEu 0.52 0.54 0.53 0.54 0.48 0.53 0.52 0.52 (La/Yb)N 6.35 5.88 6.07 5.97 6.14 5.90 5.96 6.00 (La/Sm)N 3.40 3.21 3.24 3.25 3.35 3.31 3.27 3.27 (Gd/Yb)N 1.53 1.29 1.32 1.29 1.53 1.26 1.27 1.28
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