南阿尔金早古生代后碰撞花岗岩的成因及地质意义

徐楠; 吴才来; 赵苗苗; 刘畅

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2023.171

南阿尔金早古生代后碰撞花岗岩的成因及地质意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2023.171

徐楠^{1, 2, ,},
吴才来^2, ,,
赵苗苗³,
刘畅⁴

1.
安徽理工大学深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室, 安徽淮南 232001
2.
中国地质科学院地质研究所, 北京 100037
3.
河南省公平竞争审查事务中心, 河南郑州 450000
4.
核工业北京地质研究院, 中核集团铀资源勘查与评价技术重点实验室, 北京 100029

基金项目:

安徽省高等学校科学研究项目 2023AH051168

深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室开放基金 SKLMRDPC21KF17

安徽理工大学引进人才基金；国家自然科学基金面上项目 41872071

地质调查项目 DD20190006

详细信息

作者简介:
徐楠(1984-)，男，讲师，博士后，硕士研究生导师，长期从事火成岩岩石学、成因矿物学方面研究.ORCID：0000-0002-2665-856X.E-mail：2020059@aust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
吴才来, 研究员，博士，博士生导师，岩石学专业，长期从事火成岩岩石学、岩浆与成矿科研工作.E-mail: wucailai@126.com

中图分类号: P581
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-30
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-09
- 刊出日期: 2024-12-25

Genesis and Geological Significance of Post-Collision Granites in South Altun

Xu Nan^{1, 2
,
,},
Wu Cailai^{2
, ,},
Zhao Miaomiao³,
Liu Chang⁴

1.
State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
2.
Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
3.
Fair Competition Review Transaction Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
4.
CNNC Key Laboratory of Uranium Resources Exploration and Evaluation Technology, Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 南阿尔金早古生代洋陆转换作用的极性是近年来的研究热点之一，但深俯冲陆壳的折返作用缺少详实的岩石学证据.本文对茫崖北杂岩体开展岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素研究，探讨其物质来源及成岩时的构造环境，揭示造山带早古生代构造演化的岩浆活动响应.研究表明，南阿尔金458~420 Ma花岗岩的ε_Hf (t)和t_DM2具有相似的变化范围，显示高碱、富钾、低钛、贫铁等钾玄质岩石特征，指示其相似的物质来源和岩浆源区.458~453 Ma花岗岩是深俯冲陆壳断离并折返至上地壳后经历减压熔融的产物，451~420 Ma花岗岩是后碰撞伸展环境下幔源岩浆底侵下地壳的产物.因此，南阿尔金深俯冲陆壳的折返作用在 < 453 Ma已经完成，造山带在 < 451 Ma进入造山晚期的后碰撞环境.
- 南阿尔金 /
- 早古生代 /
- 折返 /
- 后碰撞 /
- 岩石学 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: The polarity of Early Paleozoic ocean-continent transformation in South Altun has been an issue recently. However, detailed petrological evidence for the exhumation of the deep subducted continental crust is still lacking. In this paper, it researches petrological, geochemical, zircon U-Pb chronological and Lu-Hf isotopic characteristics of the northern Manya complex, to discuss its source and tectonic environment, and reveal magmatic response to the Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution. The 458-420 Ma granites have similar material source and magmatic source, resulting from the similar ranges of ε_Hf (t) and t_DM2 values, and shoshonitic characteristics such as rich in alkali and K, and lack of Ti and Fe. The 458-453 Ma granites were formed by decompression melting of deep-subducted continental crust, which were transported to the upper crust by exhumation. The 451-420 Ma granites were product of partial melting of lower crustal materials triggered by underplating of mantle-derived magma in a post-collisional extensional environment. Thus, exhumation of the deep-subducted continental crust completed at < 453 Ma, and the orogenic belt were in late orogenic post-collisional environment at < 451 Ma.
- South Altyn /
- Early Paleozoic /
- exhumation /
- post-collisional /
- petrology /
- geochemistry

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图 1 阿尔金地区花岗岩分布图(a)和茫崖区域地质图(b)

Fig. 1. Distribution of granities in the South Altun (a) and geological map of the Mangya area (b)

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图 2 茫崖花岗岩正交偏光显微照片

Fig. 2. Orthogonal polarizing microscopes of the Mangya granites

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图 3 茫崖花岗岩A/CNK-A/NK图解(a)和K₂O-SiO₂图解(b)

Fig. 3. Diagrams of A/CNK vs. A/NK (a) and K₂O-SiO₂ (b) of Mangya granites

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图 4 原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(a)和球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图(b) (Sun and McDonough, 1989)

Fig. 4. Primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams (a) and chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns (b)(Sun and McDonough, 1989)

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图 5 茫崖花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图

Fig. 5. U-Pb concordia diagrams for the zircon grains of the Mangya granites

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图 6 南阿尔金花岗岩Hf同位素演化

Fig. 6. Zircon ε_Hf (t) values versus age (Ma) diagram of the granites in the South Altun

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图 7 茫崖北花岗岩Ta/Yb-Th/Yb图解(a)、CaO/(MgO+FeO^T)-Al₂O₃/(MgO+FeO^T)图解(b)、(Na₂O+K₂O+MgO+FeO^T+ TiO₂)- (Na₂O+K₂O)/(MgO+FeO^T)图解(c)、CaO/(MgO+FeO^T)-K₂O/ Na₂O图解(d)、Al₂O₃/TiO₂-CaO/Na₂O图解(e)和Rb/Sr-Rb/Ba图解(f)

Fig. 7. Plots of Ta/Yb vs. Th/Yb (a), CaO/(MgO+FeO^T) vs. Al₂O₃/(MgO+FeO^T) (b), (Na₂O+K₂O+MgO+FeO^T+ TiO₂) vs. (Na₂O+K₂O)/(MgO+FeO^T) (c), CaO/(MgO+FeO^T) vs. K₂O/Na₂O (d), Al₂O₃/TiO₂ vs. CaO/Na₂O (e) and Rb/Sr vs. Rb/Ba (f) of the north Mangya granites

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图 8 Ta/Yb与Ce/Yb关系图(a)、Ta/Yb与Th/Yb关系图(b)、Sr-Y图解(c)和(La/Yb)_N-Yb_N图解(d)

Fig. 8. Diagrams of Ta/Yb vs. Ce /Yb (a), Ta/Yb vs. Th/Yb (b), Sr vs. Y (c) and (La/Yb)_N vs. Yb_N (d)

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图 9 茫崖北花岗岩Rb/30-Hf-Ta×3图解(a)、Ta/Yb-Th/Yb图解(b)、R1-R2判别图(c)和Rb-(Y+Nb)判别图(d)

Fig. 9. Plots of Rb/30-Hf-Ta×3 (a), Ta/Yb vs. Th/Yb (b), R1 vs. R2 (c) and Rb vs. (Y+Nb) (d)

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表 1 茫崖花岗岩主量元素(%)和微量元素(10^-6)分析结果

Table 1. Major (%), trace and rare earth element (10^-6) results of the Mangya granites

样品编号	CL 124	CL 123	CL 121-1	CL 121-2	CL 126
SiO₂	69.74	48.17	52.66	59.13	73.84
TiO₂	0.29	1.27	0.94	0.84	0.17
Al₂O₃	15.64	15.20	10.61	17.65	13.64
Fe₂O₃	0.23	1.06	1.36	0.96	0.36
FeO	1.80	7.98	7.58	3.87	0.88
TFeO	2.00	8.94	8.81	4.73	1.21
MnO	0.03	0.15	0.17	0.09	0.02
MgO	0.87	9.01	10.06	1.97	0.25
CaO	2.16	10.00	10.65	4.38	0.99
Na₂O	3.69	2.26	0.55	4.10	3.60
K₂O	3.97	1.17	1.89	3.37	4.76
P₂O₅	0.06	0.29	0.29	0.38	0.05
A/CNK	1.09	0.65	0.47	0.96	1.06
K₂O+Na₂O	7.66	3.43	2.44	7.47	8.36
K₂O/Na₂O	1.08	0.52	3.43	0.82	1.32
Rb	166.24	63.49	186.41	207.17	227.66
Ba	545.77	378.40	204.60	1295.17	480.75
Th	17.08	3.50	4.90	12.29	24.16
U	2.18	1.82	3.54	2.70	1.95
Ta	1.43	0.79	0.81	1.89	1.25
Nb	14.66	15.84	7.69	33.16	23.52
La	34.77	24.81	23.08	67.10	41.49
Ce	68.50	53.09	47.67	129.69	65.10
Sr	316.13	535.22	106.22	649.97	154.29
Nd	28.52	27.20	27.37	48.30	20.75
Zr	143.96	165.32	101.64	300.69	139.17
Hf	4.02	4.13	3.31	6.59	4.49
Sm	5.75	5.71	6.20	7.61	3.10
Y	22.83	28.85	27.71	26.28	13.75
Yb	1.16	2.14	2.31	1.87	1.24
Lu	0.18	0.33	0.35	0.28	0.21
ΣREE	161.18	135.78	130.82	286.82	146.62
LREE	146.98	119.17	112.38	269.46	137.84
HREE	14.19	16.62	18.44	17.36	8.78
LREE/HREE	10.36	7.17	6.09	15.52	15.69
La_N/Yb_N	21.41	8.30	7.18	25.69	23.91
δEu	0.77	0.87	0.72	0.92	0.55
δCe	0.97	0.98	0.93	0.97	0.86
Th/U	7.84	1.93	1.39	4.55	12.39
Ta/Yb	1.23	0.37	0.35	1.01	1.00
Ce/Yb	58.80	24.77	20.67	69.22	52.30
Ta/Yb	1.23	0.37	0.35	1.01	1.00
Th/Yb	14.67	1.63	2.13	6.56	19.41

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表 2 南阿尔金花岗岩数据

Table 2. Data of South Altun granites

地区	年龄 (Ma)	岩性	ε_Hf(t)		t_DM2(Ma)		岩浆源区	源岩	数据来源
茫崖	510~494	石英二长岩	0.04~1.69	-3.51~-0.08	1 466~1 363	1 684~1 473	下地壳	变杂砂岩、变玄武岩	Xu et al. (2020)
长沙沟	503	花岗闪长岩	0.5~5.9	-5.7~-0.7	1 342~1 020	1 659~1 437	下地壳		康磊(2014)
茫崖	472	二长花岗岩	0.14~1.86	-2.28~-0.06	1 246~1 162	1 371~1 259	上地壳	变杂砂岩	康磊等(2016)
茫崖	466	花岗岩	0.6~3.6		1 364~1 191				吴才来等(2014)
茫崖	466	闪长岩			1 453~1 254	1 496~1 447			吴才来等(2014)
茫崖	458	石英闪长岩					上地壳	变中基性岩，角闪岩	康磊等(2016)
茫崖	457	正长花岗岩	6.08~0.98	-2.97~-0.68	1 417~1 053	1 537~1 486	上地壳	变杂砂岩	本文
茫崖	454	花岗岩		-2.6~-0.4		1 454~1 331	上地壳	变杂砂岩	康磊等(2014)
江格勒萨依	453	二长花岗岩		-3.1~-1.5		1 478~1 391	上地壳	变杂砂岩、变泥质岩
吐拉	453	正长花岗岩		-3.8~-1.1		1 518~1 371	上地壳	变杂砂岩、变泥质岩
茫崖	451	角闪闪长岩	0.07~3.08		1 426~1 238		下地壳	变玄武岩	本文
玉苏普	450~447	二长花岗岩	0.12~3.40	-0.67~-0.1	1 219-1 058	1 474~1 432	下地壳	变玄武岩、变杂砂岩、角闪岩、变安山岩	Wang et al.(2014); 高栋等(2022)
玉苏普	450~447	二长花岗岩	0.03~2.86	-0.79~-0.05	1 418~1 242	1 479~1 430	下地壳	变玄武岩、变杂砂岩、角闪岩、变安山岩	Wang et al.(2014); 高栋等(2022)
且末	448~444	花岗岩	0.2~5.0	-12.4~-3.5	1 420~1 399	2 211~1 646	下地壳	变玄武岩、变杂砂岩、角闪岩、变安山岩	吴才来等(2016)
南阿尔金	445	石英闪长岩					下地壳	变中基性岩	曾忠诚等(2022)
茫崖	442	闪长岩	0.29~2.68	-0.08	1 406~1 258	1 424	下地壳	变杂砂岩、变泥质岩	本文
茫崖	435	闪长岩	0.41~5.41		1 394~1 078		下地壳	变玄武岩、角闪岩、变中基性岩	本文
茫崖	435	花岗岩	0.2~6.0	-0.4	1 413~1 033	1 454	下地壳		吴才来等(2016)
茫崖	430	二长花岗岩		-3.72~-0.08		1 648~1 419	上地壳	变杂砂岩、变泥质岩	本文
玉苏普	426~420	二长花岗岩	0.36~3.18	-0.32~-0.07	1 390~1 215	1 433~1 409	下地壳	变杂砂岩、变中基性岩	Wang et al.(2014); 高栋等(2022)

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