Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Stable Isotopes in River Water in Hainan Island: Implication for Water Vapor Delivery Path
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摘要: 热带低纬度地区水循环是全球气候系统演变的重要驱动力，海南省是我国唯一的热带岛屿省份，是热带水汽循环研究的理想地区.水体的氢、氧稳定同位素是水文循环研究的重要手段，通过海南岛主要河流的稳定同位素组成及其空间分布特征，对海南岛水汽输送路径和来源进行研究.海南岛河水同位素呈纬向上从西向东逐渐正偏，经向上对称分布的特征，海南岛东部河水同位素呈现“高度效应”，而西部昌化江河水同位素呈现“反高度效应”.海南岛河水同位素空间分布规律表明，地形是控制河水同位素空间分布的最主要因素，海南岛东南部为水汽输送的迎风坡，而西南部处于“雨影区”，水汽从东向西输送.Abstract: The water cycle in the tropical regions is the important driving force for the evolution of the global climate system, and Hainan Province is the only tropical island province in China, which is an ideal area for the study of tropical water vapor cycle. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in water are important method for water cycle research. In this study, the transport path and source of water vapor in Hainan Island are studied through the spatial distribution of stable isotopes of major rivers in Hainan Island. The isotopes of the river water of Hainan Island are gradually positive from west to east in the latitude direction, and are symmetrically distributed in the longitude direction. The isotopes of the southeastern river of Hainan Island show the "altitude effect", while the isotopes of the Changhua River in southwestern Hainan Island show the "anti-altitude effect". The spatial distribution of river water isotopes in Hainan Island shows that topography is the most important factor controlling the spatial distribution of river water isotopes, and the eastern part of Hainan Island is the windward slope of water vapor transport, while the west is in the "rain shadow area", and water vapor is transported from east to west.
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Key words:
- Hainan Island /
- river water /
- stable isotope /
- topography /
- moisture transport /
- environmental geology
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图 1 海南岛河水采样位置分布图(红色圆点代表河水采样点)(a)和海南岛年均降水量分布(b)
图b根据GPM 2011—2021年降水数据，白色圆点代表河水采样位置
Fig. 1. Distribution map of river water sampling location in Hainan Island (red dots represent river water sampling locations) (a) and mean annual precipitation distribution in Hainan Island (b)
图 2 海南岛不同水系氢、氧稳定同位素分布特(a, b)和不同河流氢、氧稳定同位素相关性图(c)
Fig. 2. Stable isotope distribution characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen in different river systems (a, b) and correlation analysis between stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes (c) in Hainan Island
图 3 海南岛河水同位素与经度、纬度相关性图
Fig. 3. Correlation analysis between river water isotopes and latitude and longitude in Hainan Island
图 4 海南岛降水量与河水同位素相关性分析图
Fig. 4. Correlation analysis between precipitation and river water stable isotopes in Hainan Island
图 5 采样点海拔高度与河水同位素的相关性分析
Fig. 5. Correlation analysis between the altitude of the sampling point and the isotopes of river water
图 6 海南岛河水样品氘值(d-excess)与河水同位素相关性分析图
Fig. 6. Correlation analysis between d-excess and river water isotope from Hainan Island
图 7 海南岛河水同位素、海拔、年均降水量和河水d-excess值主成分分析
Fig. 7. Analysis of principal component of river water isotope, altitude, mean annual precipitation and river water d-excess value in Hainan Island
表 1 海南岛各河流采样点位置及水体δ18O、δD值
Table 1. The location of sampling points and δ18O and δD values of various rivers in Hainan Island
采样点 经度(°E) 纬度(°N) 海拔(m) 年平均降雨量(mm) δ18O(‰，VSMOW) δD(‰，VSMOW) d-excess(‰) 南渡江 N-1 110.433 19.900 1 1 940.82 -5.11 -34.49 6.42 N-2 110.313 19.703 10 2 111.31 -5.12 -34.75 6.24 N-3 110.111 19.736 17 2 117.27 -5.42 -36.41 6.97 文澜江 W-1 109.686 19.891 30 1 841.29 -5.52 -38.25 5.88 W-2 109.643 19.793 50 1 919.35 -6.05 -40.61 7.80 W-3 109.637 19.703 61 2 000.96 -6.40 -42.27 8.96 W-4 109.601 19.598 92 2 210.78 -6.83 -45.11 9.50 W-5 109.600 19.530 144 2 148.06 -6.91 -45.51 9.80 昌化江 C-1 108.940 19.221 20 1 688.65 -7.09 -48.02 8.74 C-2 108.830 19.261 9 1 575.68 -7.11 -47.55 9.31 C-3 108.724 19.257 4 1 502.42 -6.98 -47.76 8.10 C-4 108.983 19.032 72 1 685.89 -7.46 -49.61 10.04 C-5 109.010 18.863 143 1 697.23 -7.13 -48.12 8.90 C-6 109.049 18.841 136 1 697.23 -6.95 -46.46 9.13 C-7 109.157 18.807 140 1 750.92 -6.99 -46.04 9.86 C-8 109.169 18.760 138 1 724.88 -6.64 -45.17 7.92 C-9 109.288 18.829 160 1 792.61 -6.72 -45.86 7.93 C-10 109.395 18.880 181 1 829.70 -7.29 -47.65 10.66 C-11 109.480 18.942 197 1 917.77 -7.39 -48.23 10.88 C-12 109.480 18.942 203 1 917.77 -7.25 -47.76 10.21 C-13 109.541 18.963 220 1 959.06 -6.88 -45.23 9.80 C-14 109.543 18.965 220 1 959.06 -6.94 -45.25 10.27 C-15 109.552 18.965 231 1 959.06 -7.06 -47.26 9.25 C-16 109.550 18.753 315 1 907.52 -6.83 -44.61 10.04 陵水河 L-1 109.727 18.636 33 1968.74 -6.18 -41.00 8.44 L-2 109.868 18.586 23 1 966.31 -6.35 -42.06 8.78 L-3 109.993 18.543 13 1 989.38 -5.82 -38.18 8.41 万泉河 WA-1 110.267 19.120 15 2 189.33 -6.35 -38.95 11.85 WA-2 110.333 19.154 13 2 184.88 -6.36 -39.16 11.69 WA-3 110.450 19.239 8 2 162.89 -5.99 -38.04 9.84 WA-4 110.450 19.238 11 2 162.89 -6.07 -38.21 10.33 WA-5 110.488 19.170 6 2 163.20 -5.91 -37.29 9.99 
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