The Evolution of the Taiwan Forearc Basin Constrained by the Volcanic Activities of the North Luzon Island Arc and the Orogenic Events of the Taiwan Orogen Belt
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摘要: 旨在对台湾弧前盆地可容纳空间、盆地边界和基底性质进行分析，并对弧前盆地层序构型及其主控因素和演化阶段进行探索性研究. 结合地震剖面的层序构型解析，基于南海俯冲板俯冲、底侵及隆升剥蚀等造山事件、北吕宋岛弧火山岩活动对弧前区变化的影响，对台湾弧前盆地性质、边界特征及演化阶段进行探讨. 台湾弧前盆地演化可分为3阶段：扩张期矩形裂谷盆地、初始碰撞期楔形弧前盆地和弧-陆碰撞期席状弧前盆地阶段. 扩张期矩形裂谷盆地的东部边界先期为南海洋壳，后期为吕宋岛弧；西部边界为菲律宾海洋壳；基底为弧前扩张区地幔. 初始碰撞期楔形弧前盆地东、西边界分别为北吕宋岛弧和增厚的南海板块边缘；基底为先期复理石沉积及吕宋岛弧火山建造的一部分. 弧-陆碰撞期席状残余弧前盆地东、西边界分别吕宋岛弧和剥露并持续隆升的台湾增生造山带.Abstract: The paper aims to analysis the accommodation feature, basin boundaries and basement properties of the Taiwan forearc basin, and probe into the sequence basic configuration, main controlling factors and evolution stage of the Taiwan forearc basin. Based on the orogenic events, such as the initial and normal subduction of the South China Sea Plate, slabs under plating, accretion, exhumation, uplift and denudation of the accretionary prism and the series of volcanic activities of the North Luzon Island Arc, combined with the sequence configuration analysis of the seismic profiles, this paper will study the basin character, boundary nature and evolutionary stages of the Taiwan forearc basin in more depth. The evolution history of Taiwan forearc basin can be divided into three stages: "rectangular rift basin in the spreading period", "wedge-shaped forearc basin in the initial collision period" and "sheet (residual) forearc basin stage in the arc-continental collision period". The initially eastern boundary of the rectangular rift basin is the South China Sea oceanic crust and later the North Luzon Island Arc, the western boundary is the Philippine Sea oceanic crust, and the basement is forearc split mantle. The eastern and western boundaries of the wedge-shaped forearc basin are the North Luzon Arc and the subducted South China Sea Plate margin which is thickened by the under platings labs respectively, and part of the north Luzon Island Arc gradually evolved into the basement of the forearc basin. The eastern boundary of the deformed residual forearc basin is the North Luzon Island Arc, and the western boundary is the Taiwan accretionary wedge that has been exhumed and continuously uplifted this period.
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Key words:
- sequence configuration /
- seismic sequence /
- forearc basin /
- Taiwan Orogen /
- The North Luzon Island Arc /
- Taiwan /
- tectonics
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图 1 台湾沟弧盆系统结构图
HCF. 新庄断层；CCTF. 屈尺断层；LSF. 骊山断层；LV. 纵谷断层；HeP. 恒春半岛；据Chang et al.（2000），Chi et al.（2014）
Fig. 1. Tectonic map of Taiwan trench-arc-basin system
图 3 台湾海岸山脉和纵谷带构造及吕宋岛弧火山活动年龄
左图据Huang et al.（2018）；Lai et al.（2021）；右图据赖昱铭（2012）
Fig. 3. Tectonic of Taiwan Coastal Range and Longitudinal Valleyand volcanic ages of the Luzon Arc
图 5 俯冲区弧前盆地剖面A地震层序的划分及层序基本构型解析
Fig. 5. Seismic sequence division(a) and stratigraphic structure interpretations(b) of seismic profile A of the Taiwan forearc basin in subduction region
图 6 初始碰撞区弧前盆地剖面B地震层序的划分(a)及层序构型解析(b)
Fig. 6. Seismic sequence division(a) and stratigraphic structure interpretations(b) of seismic profile B of the Taiwan forearc basin in initial collision regiona
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