Research of Xi'an Pulsed Reactor (XAPR) for Irradiation Conditions of 40Ar/39Ar Dating Sample
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摘要: 国内样品辐照资源有限, 可供选择的反应堆数量少, 反应堆开启频率低, 缺乏对反应堆辐照样品参数的系统研究, 在不同程度上制约了40Ar/39Ar定年科研进展, 需要开拓新的辐照资源.首次研究西安脉冲堆（XAPR）用于40Ar/39Ar定年样品的辐照条件, 通过黑云母标准物质ZBH-25确定中子通量的径向梯度和轴向梯度变化情况, 并通过钾盐和钙盐获得反应堆的副反应校正因子.结果表明辐照孔道径向J值变化幅度较小, 仅为0.49%, 且包含中子通量的峰值, 表明样品处于反应堆中心位置进行辐照.辐照孔道轴向中子通量梯度为0.54%/cm, XAPR辐照孔道内的校正因子（40Ar/39Ar）K =0.002 082 6、（39Ar/37Ar）Ca =0.000 776 92、（36Ar/37Ar）Ca =0.000 299 98.对标准物质ZBH-25黑云母进行年龄测定, 证明此反应堆满足40Ar/39Ar定年样品的辐照条件, 可以作为一个新的辐照源.Abstract: Domestic sample irradiation resources are limited, with few reactors available, infrequent reactor startups, and a lack of systematic research on the parameters for reactor irradiation samples. These limitations hinder the progress of scientific research in 40Ar/39Ar dating. Therefore, it is essential to develop new irradiation resources. For the first time, the irradiation conditions for 40Ar/39Ar dating samples in the Xi'an Pulsed Reactor (XAPR) were studied. The radial and axial gradient changes in neutron flux were determined using the biotite standard material ZBH-25, and the correction factors for side reactions were obtained using potassium salt and calcium salt. The results indicate that the radial J value of the irradiation channel is 0.49%, and a peak neutron flux, suggesting that the sample is irradiated in the center of the reactor. The axial neutron flux gradient in the irradiation channel is 0.54% /cm, and the correction factors in the XAPR irradiation channel are (40Ar/39Ar)K =0.002 082 6, (39Ar/37Ar)Ca =0.000 776 92, (36Ar/37Ar)Ca =0.000 299 98. The standard material ZBH-25 biotite was dated, confirming that the reactor meets the irradiation conditions for 40Ar/39Ar dating samples and can serve as a new irradiation source.
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图 1 西安脉冲反应堆堆芯
a.反应堆稳定模式；b.反应堆脉冲模式
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the core of Xi'an Pulse Reactor
图 3 不同径向位置的轴向辐照参数J值变化
Fig. 3. Neutron flux gradient curves along with the vertical gradients at different radial positions
图 5 国内外不同反应堆副反应校正因子对比
Fig. 5. Comparison of correction factors for side reactions in different reactors
表 1 国内外反应堆快热中子比对比
Table 1. Comparison of fast/thermal neutron ratio in domestic and foreign reactors
反应堆 XAPR HFETR McMaster HIFAR JMTR 快/热中子比值 > 100 10 0.053 ~0.02 0.083 参考文献 本文 李军杰等, 2019 Bottomley and York, 1976; Clark 1998 McDougall, 1985 Ishizuka, 1998 
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表 2 XAPR辐照参数J值测试数据
Table 2. Result of J value in difference position irradiated by XAPR
1管 2管 距底部距离（mm） J值 距底部距离（mm） J值 0.5 0.006 373 0.5 0.006 117 8 0.006 412 7.5 0.006 160 16 0.006 447 16 0.006 194 26.5 0.006 483 27 0.006 210 35 0.006 502 38.5 0.006 210 37.5 0.006 505 46.5 0.006 194 44 0.006 511 56.5 0.006 191 52.5 0.006 510 58 0.006 173 61.5 0.006 496 66 0.006 151 71 0.006 468 71 0.006 124 80.5 0.006 423 77.5 0.006 088
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表 3 标准物质黑云母ZBH-25年龄测试数据
Table 3. Standard material biotite ZBH-25 age test data
温度（℃） 39ArK（%） 视年龄（Ma, 2σ） 800 5.702 543 0.000 31 0.019 91 5.797 84 7.38 130.20±0.36 850 5.804 583 0.000 10 0.006 92 5.838 02 14.36 132.45±0.37 900 5.809 839 0.000 09 0.008 42 5.840 35 10.28 132.57±0.36 950 5.823 259 0.000 13 0.014 71 5.864 74 5.60 132.86±0.37 1 000 5.816 016 0.000 21 0.020 38 5.879 62 5.74 132.70±0.37 1 050 5.824 823 0.000 14 0.015 98 5.869 29 9.29 132.90±0.36 1 100 5.802 389 0.000 07 0.039 46 5.823 66 13.59 132.40±0.36 1 150 5.799 937 0.000 06 0.042 62 5.817 33 22.03 132.35±0.37 1 200 5.807 431 0.000 07 0.125 96 5.822 05 7.88 132.51±0.37
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