Evaluation of Shale Oil Sweet Spot and Rich Area in Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation, Northeast Sichuan Basin
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摘要: 2020年四川盆地东北部平安1井在侏罗系凉高山组页岩层系试油112.8 m3/d，页岩油勘探获得突破.然而，其他相继部署的多口井日产油量差异较大，勘探开发效果并不理想，制约了页岩油富集区的优选.对此，本文分别基于改进后的ΔlgR法和地层游离油量恢复模型获取含油性甜点参数（游离油量）、利用多元线性回归分析得到物性甜点参数（孔隙度）、借助Bowers法预测弹性能甜点参数（地层压力系数）、综合随机森林算法预测的脆性指数和数学模型获取的杨氏模量得到可压裂性甜点（可压裂性指数），通过采取一种改进后的层次分析计算方法获取了甜点综合评价指数并将其应用于重点页岩油勘探井，认为PY1井、PA1井的潜在有利层段分布于凉上1的底部、凉上2的底部和凉上3的中部，YQ1井分布于凉上1的中底部、凉上3的底部和顶部.平面优选目标区主要集中在PY1、PA1井的北部和YQ1井附近.Abstract: In 2020, the Ping'an 1 well in the northeastern part of Sichuan Basin tested 112.8 m3/d in the Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation shale, making a breakthrough in shale oil exploration. However, the daily oil production of other Wells deployed in succession is very different, and the exploration and development effect are not ideal, which restricts the selection of shale oil rich areas. In response, in this paper, the oil sweet spot parameter (free oil amount) is obtained based on the improved ΔlogR method and the formation free oil recovery model, the physical property sweet spot parameter (porosity) is obtained by multiple linear regression analysis, the elastic energy sweet spot parameter (formation pressure coefficient) is predicted by Bowers method, the brittleness index predicted by comprehensive random forest algorithm and the Young's modulus obtained by mathematical model. By adopting an improved analytic hierarchy method, the comprehensive evaluation index of the sweet spot is obtained and applied to key shale oil exploration wells. It is considered that the potential favorable intervals of PY1 and PA1 wells are distributed in the bottom of Liangshang1, the bottom of Liangshang2 and the middle of Liangshang3, and the YQ1 well is distributed in the middle bottom of Liangshang1, the bottom and the top of Liangshang3. The target areas of plane optimization are mainly concentrated in the north of PY1 and PA1 wells and near YQ1 wells.
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图 2 四川盆地地质概况图(a)和下侏罗统地层柱状图(b)(据Wang et al.，2024修改)
Fig. 2. Geologic overview map of the Sichuan basin (a) and histogram of the Lower Jurassic stratigraphy (b) (modified from Wang et al., 2024)
图 3 实测TOC与ΔlgRTOC(a)、预测TOC(b)关系及实测S1与ΔlgR$ {}_{{S}_{1}} $(c)、预测S1(d)关系
Fig. 3. Measured TOC vs. ΔlgRTOC (a), predicted TOC (b) and measured S1 vs. ΔlgR$ {}_{{S}_{1}} $ (c), predicted S1 (d)
图 4 岩心孔隙度与AC(a)、DEN(b)和CNL(c)测井值关系
Fig. 4. The relationship between rock porosity and AC (a), DEN (b) and CNL (c) logging value
图 6 基于常规测井法的实测岩心孔隙度与预测孔隙度关系
Fig. 6. The relationship between the measured porosity of rock sample and the porosity predicted by logging
图 7 凉高山组实测地层压力系数与预测地层压力系数关系
Fig. 7. Relationship between measured formation pressure coefficient and predicted formation pressure coefficient in Lianggaoshan Formation
图 8 实测脆性指数与预测脆性指数关系
a. 训练样本；b. 测试样本
Fig. 8. Relationship between measured brittleness index and predicted brittleness index
图 9 实测杨氏模量与预测杨氏模量关系
Fig. 9. Relationship between measured Young's modulus and predicted Young's modulus
图 10 PA1井凉高山组甜点综合指数单井图
Fig. 10. Map of sweet spot comprehensive evaluation index logging in PA1 well
图 11 PY1井凉高山组甜点综合指数单井图
岩相类型：0.其他岩相，1.粉砂质泥岩，2.含有机质纹层状黏土质页岩，3.富有机质纹层状黏土质页岩，4.含有机质纹层状长英质页岩，5.含有机质层状混合质页岩，6.（细）粉砂岩
Fig. 11. Map of sweet spot comprehensive evaluation index logging in PY1 well
图 12 YQ1井凉高山组甜点综合指数单井图
Fig. 12. Map of sweet spot comprehensive evaluation index logging in YQ1 well
图 13 川东北地区YQ1⁃PY1⁃PA1⁃DY1井凉高山组甜点综合评价指数空间分布特征
Fig. 13. Spatial distribution characteristics of sweet spot comprehensive evaluation index of YQ1⁃PY1⁃PA1⁃DY1 in the Lianggaoshan Formation in Northeast Sichuan
图 14 川东北地区凉高山组有利区平面分布特征
Fig. 14. Characteristics of sweet spot area planar distribution in the Lianggaoshan Formation in Northeast Sichuan
表 1 川东北地区凉高山组杨氏模量和泊松比测试结果
Table 1. Results of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of Lianggaoshan Formation, Northeast Sichuan Province, China
井名 深度(m) 样品直径(mm) 样品高度(mm) 样品质量(g) 围压(MPa) 杨氏模量(GPa) 泊松比 PY1 3 025.90 25.18 26.26 34.21 34.35 25.75 0.264 PY1 3 029.10 25.05 49.74 65.47 36.35 32.24 0.321 PY1 3 109.61 25.11 36.71 48.39 37.32 33.08 0.271 PY1 3 148.80 25.01 41.31 53.16 37.79 31.78 0.256 PY1 3 156.30 25.28 35.67 47.80 37.88 42.28 0.220 YS5 1 651.77 25.12 37.28 48.05 19.82 29.19 0.283 PA1 2 862.70 25.19 27.26 35.98 34.35 26.43 0.217 YS6 1 737.50 25.23 24.78 32.80 20.85 22.67 0.237 
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表 2 比较矩阵中不同参数的判断值
Table 2. The judgment values of different parameters in the comparison matrix
参数1：
游离油量参数2：
孔隙度参数3：
地层压力系数参数4：
可压裂性指数rj 参数1：游离油量 1 0 0 0 1 参数2：孔隙度 2 1 1 0 4 参数3：地层压力系数 2 1 1 0 4 参数4：可压裂性指数 2 2 2 1 7 ri 7 4 4 1 — 注：ri和rj分别表示某个参数i或参数j与所有参数比较后的判断值之和.
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