热融滑塌形态特征、演化过程和稳定性模拟综述

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2025.166

热融滑塌形态特征、演化过程和稳定性模拟综述

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.166

1. 兰州理工大学土木与水利工程学院, 甘肃兰州 7300500;
2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学与冻土工程重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
3. 中国水利水电第四工程局有限公司, 青海西宁 810000

基金项目:

中国科学院“西部之光-西部交叉团队”重点实验室专项(xbzg-zdsys-202304)

国家自然科学基金(42461019)

甘肃省科技重大专项(23ZDFA007)

甘肃省科技专员专项(24CXGA063)

兰州市青年科技人才创新项目(2024-QN-170)

详细信息

作者简介:
郝君明（1981—），男，博士，副教授，主要从事冻土灾害机理和监测研究，E-mail:haojm198@lzb.ac.cn，ROCID:0000-0002-9172-9344

通讯作者:
郝君明（1981—），男，博士，副教授，主要从事冻土灾害机理和监测研究，E-mail:haojm198@lzb.ac.cn，ROCID:0000-0002-9172-9344

中图分类号: p694
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-16
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-08

A Review of RTS Characteristics, Evolution, and Permafrost Stability Analysis Methods

1. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;
3. Sinohydro Engineering Bureau No. 4, Xining, Qinghai 810000.

摘要

摘要: 在全球气候变暖的背景下，加速退化的多年冻土降低了边坡稳定性，诱发热融滑塌等冻土灾害，严重威胁寒区的工程稳定性和生态环境安全。然而，当前学界对热融滑塌形态特征与演化过程的认知仍不充分，且模型模拟方法体系和适用性缺乏系统综述。因此，本文结合多年野外考察和文献资料，从热融滑塌的形态特征、演化过程、失稳机理和模拟方法四个方面进行了综述。研究发现：（1）热融滑塌形态特征可以划分为11种不同的类型，其空间分布与地形地貌、冻土环境条件和发育过程相关；（2）热融滑塌演化过程经历了地表裂缝、活动层剥离滑动、多旋回性退缩和逐渐趋于稳定等四个阶段，主要受到地下冰和极端气候事件影响；（3）热融滑塌失稳是热-水-力场相互作用的结果，应力场作用下影响水热传导，温度场和水分场决定空隙水压力来影响应力场，改变边坡稳定性；（4）极限平衡、数值模拟和不确定性是主要的冻土稳定性模拟方法，各有优缺点。本研究有助于认识和理解热融滑塌的现象和过程，对揭示冻土-气候-地貌交互机制具有重要意义，为寒区地貌学、冻土力学等学科理论体系的完善提供支撑。
- 热融滑塌 /
- 形态特征 /
- 演化过程 /
- 边坡稳定性模拟 /
- 多年冻土
Abstract: Under global climate warming scenarios, permafrost degradation has triggered retrogressive thaw slumps, posing threats to engineering infrastructure and ecological security in cold regions. However, many scholars lack sufficient understanding of the morphological characteristics and evolutionary processes of RTSs, and the applicability of simulation models has not been systematically summarized. In this study, RTSs from four perspectives: morphology, evolution, destabilization mechanisms, and simulation methods, based on field investigation and literature analysis. The main findings include：(1) The morphological characteristics of RTSs can be classified into 11 types, and their spatial distribution is associated with topographic features, permafrost conditions, and developmental stages. (2) The evolution of RTSs experiences four stages: surface cracking, active layer detachment, polycyclic recession, and gradual stabilization, mainly affected by ground ice and extreme climatic events. (3) The instability of RTSs is the result of the interaction among Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical fields. Under the influence of the stress field, moisture and heat transfer are affected, while the temperature and moisture fields determine the pore water pressure, which in turn influences the stress field and change slope stability. (4) The Limit equilibrium method, numerical simulation, and uncertainty analysis are the main methods for simulating permafrost stability, each with its own advantages and limitations. This study enhances the understanding of the phenomena and processes of RTSs. It is of great significance for revealing the interaction mechanisms among permafrost, climate, and geomorphology, and provides support for the improvement of theoretical frameworks in cold-region geomorphology, permafrost mechanics, and related disciplines.
- Retrogressive thaw slump /
- Morphological characteristics /
- Evolution process /
- Slope stability modeling /
- Permafrost

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参考文献(128)

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热融滑塌形态特征、演化过程和稳定性模拟综述

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.166

作者简介:
郝君明（1981—），男，博士，副教授，主要从事冻土灾害机理和监测研究，E-mail:haojm198@lzb.ac.cn，ROCID:0000-0002-9172-9344

通讯作者:
郝君明（1981—），男，博士，副教授，主要从事冻土灾害机理和监测研究，E-mail:haojm198@lzb.ac.cn，ROCID:0000-0002-9172-9344

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A Review of RTS Characteristics, Evolution, and Permafrost Stability Analysis Methods

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留言板

热融滑塌形态特征、演化过程和稳定性模拟综述

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.166

作者简介: 郝君明（1981—） ，男，博士，副教授，主要从事冻土灾害机理和监测研究，E-mail:haojm198@lzb.ac.cn，ROCID:0000-0002-9172-9344

通讯作者: 郝君明（1981—） ，男，博士，副教授，主要从事冻土灾害机理和监测研究，E-mail:haojm198@lzb.ac.cn，ROCID:0000-0002-9172-9344

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出版历程

A Review of RTS Characteristics, Evolution, and Permafrost Stability Analysis Methods

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
郝君明（1981—），男，博士，副教授，主要从事冻土灾害机理和监测研究，E-mail:haojm198@lzb.ac.cn，ROCID:0000-0002-9172-9344

通讯作者:
郝君明（1981—），男，博士，副教授，主要从事冻土灾害机理和监测研究，E-mail:haojm198@lzb.ac.cn，ROCID:0000-0002-9172-9344