• 中国出版政府奖提名奖

    中国百强科技报刊

    湖北出版政府奖

    中国高校百佳科技期刊

    中国最美期刊

    留言板

    尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

    姓名
    邮箱
    手机号码
    标题
    留言内容
    验证码

    星地碰撞的板块构造效应

    刘广润 张宏泰 唐辉明

    刘广润, 张宏泰, 唐辉明, 2007. 星地碰撞的板块构造效应. 地球科学, 32(3): 381-388.
    引用本文: 刘广润, 张宏泰, 唐辉明, 2007. 星地碰撞的板块构造效应. 地球科学, 32(3): 381-388.
    LIU Guang-run, ZHANG Hong-tai, TANG Hui-ming, 2007. The Effect of the Impact of a Celestial Body with the Earth on the Plate Structure of the Crust. Earth Science, 32(3): 381-388.
    Citation: LIU Guang-run, ZHANG Hong-tai, TANG Hui-ming, 2007. The Effect of the Impact of a Celestial Body with the Earth on the Plate Structure of the Crust. Earth Science, 32(3): 381-388.

    星地碰撞的板块构造效应

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      刘广润(1929-), 男, 中国工程院院士, 主要从事工程地质环境地质研究.E-mail: liugrs@tom.com

    • 中图分类号: P541

    The Effect of the Impact of a Celestial Body with the Earth on the Plate Structure of the Crust

    • 摘要: 板块构造是一种全球大地构造理论.它以洋底扩张、洋壳边缘俯冲及转换断层为主要构造活动形式, 配以地幔对流为原动力, 建立一套颇具魅力的板块构造机制理论, 被受到广泛认同.但也存在一些重要问题, 主要是其地幔对流理念难以令人信服和对海陆格局变迁问题没提出明确的动力机制.在阐明造成板块构造理论这两方面困难问题的主要理由之后, 介绍了星地碰撞事件的存在状况及其动力作用, 着重论述了大规模星地碰撞的动力作用强大, 对全球地质构造活动都有重要影响, 板块构造也难以避免; 星地碰撞的强烈冲击作用, 有能力造成洋底开裂或使大陆裂解.据此设想, 可用“星地撞击成缝, 减压诱发岩浆上侵”的模式, 取代与地球内部层圈结构相抵触的“地幔对流”模式来解释洋底扩张; 并以星地碰撞发生地点的随机变化性作为大规模海陆格局变迁的主控原因.如此, 则可有助于上述板块构造理论中存在的两大难题的解决.

       

    • 图  1  全球板块构造分区图(转引自上田诚也, 1973)

      1.扩张轴, 大洋裂谷; 2.洋壳俯冲到大陆架之下; 3.几种类型的断裂带; 4.大陆裂谷; 5.洋壳俯冲到科迪勒拉山系之下; 6.洋壳俯冲到洋壳之下; 7.大陆-大陆碰撞

      Fig.  1.  Distribution of global plate tectonics

      图  2  地幔对流及洋底扩张示意剖面图(a图和b图转陈琦和刘永祥, 2004; c图据鄢全树和石学法, 2006)

      Fig.  2.  Schematic section of mantle convection and sea-floor spreading

      图  3  地球内部层圈结构划分图(a)、地球内部圈层的波速和密度图(b)和地球内部圈层物理数据统计(c)

      Fig.  3.  Distribution of layers in earth interior (a); Map of wave velocity and density of layers in earth interior (b); Statistics of physical data of layers in earth interior (c)

      图  4  南非维德佛特陨石坑卫片图像

      Fig.  4.  Satellite image of Vredefort aerolite pit in South Africa

      图  5  星地碰撞的动力作用图解

      Fig.  5.  Map of dynamic action of collision of a celestial body with the earth

      表  1  地震震级与地震裂缝长度的关系统计

      Table  1.   Statistics of seismic magnitude and the length of seismic crack

    • Albat, H. M., 1988. Shatter cone/bedding interrelation-ship in the Vredefort structure: Evidence for meteorite impact. South African Journal of Geology, 91: 106-113.
      Bischoff, L., Brockmeyer, P., Jenchen, U., et al., 1992. Structural aspects of the Araguainha impact structure (Brazil) (abstract). In: International Conference on Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution. LPI Contribution, (790): 6-7.
      Chen, Q., Liu, Y. X., 2004. Introduction to geology. Jilin University Press, Changchun (in Chinese).
      China Earthquake Network Center, 2007. Earhquake history-Representative earthquake. China Earthquake Bureau, Beijing.
      Fu, C. Y., 1972. Continental drift, sea-floor expansion and plate tectonics. Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
      Gorter, J. D., Gostin, V. A., Plummer, P. S., 1989. The enigmatic sub-surface Tookoonooka complex in south-west Queensland: Its impact origin and implications for hydrocarbon accumulations. In: O'Neil, B. J., ed., The Cooper and Eromanga basins, Australia. Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia, Adelaide, 441-456.
      Hong, H. J., Ma, Z. J., Cheng, G. L., et al., 2005. Characteristics of fossil continental plate evolution and movementin China. Oil & Gas Geology, (1): 23-28(in Chinese with English abstract).
      Hou, K. M., Lei, Z. S., Wai. F. L., et al., 2005. Research on the 1879 southern Wudu M8.0 earthquake and its coseismic ruptures. Earthquake Research in China, (3): 295-310(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZGZD200503000.htm
      Jiang, C. F., 2002. Several significant geological problems about central orogenic belt and the progress of its research. Geological Bulletin of China, 21(8-9): 453-455(in Chinese with English abstract).
      Li, C. Y., Tang, Y. Q., 1983. Some problems of subdivision of palaeo-plates in Asia. Acta Geologica Sinica, (1): 1-10(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE198301000.htm
      Liu, G. R., Zhang, H. T., 2005. Cause of geomagnetic polarity reversal: A view of collision dynamics of a celestial body with earth. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 30(3): 371-376(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200503015.htm
      Liu, G. R., Zhang, H. T., 2007. Continenal folding orogenesis from the perspective of collision dynamics of a celestialbody with the earth. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 32(1): 63-70(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200701008.htm
      Ma, Z. J., Du, P. R., 1995. Current problems of earth movement. Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese).
      Ma, Z. J., Gao, X. L., 2004. Some thoughts on the researchon continental tectonics, oceanic tectonics and earth tectonics. Earth Science Frontiers, (3): 9-14(in Chinese with English abstract).
      Ouyang, Z. Y., 1997. Ruins on the earth collided by planet 2 billion years ago. Nature Magazine, (4): 93-95(in Chinese with English abstract).
      Ouyang, Z. Y., Guan, X. B., 1992. Preliminary study on paleoclimate cycle induced by huge collision. Chinese Science Bulletin, (9): 829-831(in Chinese).
      Shangtian, C. Y., 1973. New earth view. Trans lated by Chang, Z. W., Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
      Spray, J., 2006. Earth impact database. Planetary and Space Science Centre, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.
      Sun, D. Q., Chen, Q. X., Cui, S. Q., et al., 1995. Astudy on the tectonic framework of the earth and causative dynamics. Earth Science Frontiers, (2): 137-139(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY502.001.htm
      Tang, H. M., Yan, T. Z., 1993. The theory of rockmass fracture andits application. China University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan (in Chinese).
      Tao, Z. Y., Pan, B. T., 1991. Principle and methods of rock mechanics. China University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan (in Chinese).
      Wang, D. J., Wang, X. J., Ding, S. J., et al., 1997. Baisha crater in Hainan Island. Hannan Island Press, Hainan (in Chinese).
      Wang, J. Z., 2001. Extension and simplification of the formula of mechanical energy loss in the collision. Journal of Hangzhou Institute of Applied Engineering, (4): 40-45(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-YYGC200104010.htm
      Wang, Z. J., Dang, G. M., Zhang, R. B., et al., 2002. Styles and characteristics of the surface rupface of the West Kunlun Mountains earthquake with Ms8.1. Platean Earthquake Research, (1): 17-25(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-GYDZ200201002.htm
      Wu, H. Z., 1997. Geodynamics of the rotating earth. Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese).
      Xu, J. H., 1985. A stormy record of geoscience revolution. Translated by He, Q. X. . Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese).
      Xu, J. H., He, Q. X., 1980. The impact of comet-Reason of disaster in earth at the end of Cretaceous. Journal of Jiling University (Earth Science Edition), (2): 1-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
      Xu, Z. Q., Zhao, Z. X., Yang, J. S., et al., 2003. Tectonic beneath plates and mantle dynamics. Geological Bulletinof China, 22(3): 149-159(in Chinese). doi: 10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00073-0
      Yan, Q. S., Shi, X. F., 2006. Mantle plume (hotspot)-ridge interaction. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, (5): 131-138(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-HYDZ200605021.htm
      Zhang, G. W., Dong, Y. P., Yao, A. P., 2002. Some thoughts on the study of continental dynamics and orogenic belt. Geologyin China, 29(1): 7-13(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DIZI200201002.htm
      Zhong, Z. Q., Suo, S. T., Zhang, H. F., et al., 2001. Major constituents and texture of the Tongbai-Dabie collisional orogenic belt. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 26(6): 560-567. http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200106001.htm
      Zhu, N. J., Shangtian, C. Y., Jinshen, B. X., 1978. A hypothesis of crust movement-From continent drift to plate structure. Translated by Mou, W. G. . Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese).
      Kulikovski, Π. Г., 1954. Handbook for the lovers of astronomy. Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
      Woronkov, И. М., 1954. Course of theoretical mechanics. Translated by Theoretical Mechanics Section, Harbin Institute of Technology. Higher Education Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
      陈琦, 刘永祥, 2004. 地质学概论. 长春: 吉林大学出版社.
      傅承义, 1972. 大陆漂移、海底扩张和板块构造. 北京: 科学出版社.
      洪汉净, 马宗晋, 程国梁, 等, 2005. 我国大陆古板块运动演化的特征. 石油与天然气地质, (1): 23-28. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9985.2005.01.005
      侯康明, 雷中生, 万夫岭, 等, 2005.1879年武都南8级大地震及其同震破裂研究. 中国地震, (3): 295-310. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4683.2005.03.001
      姜春发, 2002. 中央造山带几个重要地质问题及其研究进展. 地质通报, 21(8-9): 453-455. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD2002Z2000.htm
      李春昱, 汤耀庆, 1983. 亚洲古板块划分以及有关问题. 地质学报, (1): 1-10. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE198301000.htm
      刘广润, 张宏泰, 2005. 地球磁极倒转的星地碰撞成因. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 30(3): 371-376. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200503015.htm
      刘广润, 张宏泰, 2007. 大陆褶皱造山运动的星地碰撞成因. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 32(1): 63-70. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200701008.htm
      马宗晋, 杜品仁, 1995. 现今地壳运动问题. 北京: 地质出版社.
      马宗晋, 高祥林, 2004. 大陆构造、大洋构造和地球构造研究构想. 地学前缘, (3): 9-14. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2004.03.002
      欧阳自远, 1997.20亿年前小行星撞击地球的遗址——南非弗里德佛撞击坑初探. 自然杂志, (4): 93-95. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZRZZ199704001.htm
      欧阳自远, 管云彬, 1992. 巨大撞击事件诱发古气候旋回的初步研究. 科学通报, (9): 829-831. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB199209016.htm
      上田诚也, 1973. 新地球观. 常子文译. 北京: 科学出版社.
      孙殿卿, 陈庆宣, 崔盛芹, 等, 1995. 全球构造格局及其动力学机制研究. 地学前缘, (2): 137-139. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.1995.02.016
      唐辉明, 晏同珍, 1993. 岩体断裂力学理论与工程应用. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.
      陶振宇, 潘别桐, 1991. 岩石力学原理与方法. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.
      王道经, 王秀娟, 丁式江, 等, 1997. 海南岛白沙陨石坑. 海南: 海南岛出版社.
      王鸿祯, 张世红, 2002. 全球前寒武纪基底构造格局与古大陆再造问题. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 27(5): 467-481. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200205000.htm
      王建中, 2001. 碰撞过程机械能损失公式的推广及简化. 浙江科技学院学报, (4): 40-45. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8798.2001.04.011
      王赞军, 党光明, 张瑞斌, 等, 2002. 昆仑山口西8.1级地震地表破裂的类型与性质. 高原地震, (1): 17-25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-586X.2002.01.004
      吴汉珍, 1997. 旋转地球动力学. 北京: 地质出版社.
      许靖华, 1985. 地学革命风云录. 何起祥, 译. 北京: 地质出版社.
      许靖华, 何起祥, 1980. 彗星冲击作用——白垩纪末期地球上发生灾变的原因. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), (2): 1-8. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CCDZ198002000.htm
      许志琴, 赵志兴, 杨经绥, 等, 2003. 板块下的构造及地幔动力学. 地质通报, 22(3): 149-159. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD200303001.htm
      鄢全树, 石学法, 2006. 洋中脊与地幔柱热点相互作用研究进展. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, (5): 131-138. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYDZ200605021.htm
      张国伟, 董云鹏, 姚安平, 2002. 关于中国大陆动力学与造山带研究的几点思考. 中国地质, 29(1): 7-13. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DIZI200201002.htm
      钟增球, 索书田, 张宏飞, 等, 2001. 桐柏-大别碰撞造山带的基本组成与结构. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 26(6): 560-567. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200106001.htm
      中国地震台网中心, 2007. 地震史话——典型地震. 北京: 中国地震局.
      竹内均, 上田诚也, 金森博雄, 1978. 地壳运动假说——从大陆漂移到板块构造. 牟维国译. 北京: 地质出版社.
      利寇夫斯基, Π. Г., 1954. 天文爱好者手册. 北京: 科学出版社.
      沃伦科夫, И. М., 1954. 理论力学教程. 哈尔滨工业大学理论力学教研室译. 北京: 高等教育出版社.
    • 加载中
    图(5) / 表(1)
    计量
    • 文章访问数:  3308
    • HTML全文浏览量:  451
    • PDF下载量:  260
    • 被引次数: 0
    出版历程
    • 收稿日期:  2007-03-19
    • 刊出日期:  2007-05-25

    目录

      /

      返回文章
      返回