2002 Vol. 27, No. 3
Display Method:
2002, 27(3): 241-245.
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Abstract:
Data possess spatiality and temporality, and a temporalGIS is a GIS thathas the functionof processing temporal data. This paper briefly introduces the basic conception and function of temporal GIS, the former including time, time mark, response time, etc., and the latter, analysis, updating, showing, et al. It also discusses the associated problems in temporal-spatial data representation, indefinablity and multi-scale.Meanwhile itexpounds emphatically the two basic data models, i.e. relation model and object oriented model, relation model has characteristic of rich meaning, integrated theory, high efficiency and soon.Adding time-dimension to relationmodel is attempted, and temporal data are treated with relation algebra and query language. Relation model includes three or more implement methods: classifying save, time segment and time mark. Object-oriented model provides many mechanisms, such as aggregation and relevancy. Many kinds of temporal space data are sustained in temporal GIS. OSAM/Tmodel and Inith OO model are included in Object-oriented model.
Data possess spatiality and temporality, and a temporalGIS is a GIS thathas the functionof processing temporal data. This paper briefly introduces the basic conception and function of temporal GIS, the former including time, time mark, response time, etc., and the latter, analysis, updating, showing, et al. It also discusses the associated problems in temporal-spatial data representation, indefinablity and multi-scale.Meanwhile itexpounds emphatically the two basic data models, i.e. relation model and object oriented model, relation model has characteristic of rich meaning, integrated theory, high efficiency and soon.Adding time-dimension to relationmodel is attempted, and temporal data are treated with relation algebra and query language. Relation model includes three or more implement methods: classifying save, time segment and time mark. Object-oriented model provides many mechanisms, such as aggregation and relevancy. Many kinds of temporal space data are sustained in temporal GIS. OSAM/Tmodel and Inith OO model are included in Object-oriented model.
2002, 27(3): 246-249.
Abstract:
GeoTiff is a special formofTiff spec.GeoTiff 1.0 adds six GeoTags provided to describe all geographic coordinate information and projection informationon the base of Tiff.Using the tags, such as pixel scale, tie points, projection types, coordinate systems etc., you can easily getthe latitude and longitude fromthe rasterspace of GeoTiff image, and vice versa.Firstly, this thesis introduces three kindsof coordinate systems GeoTiff supporting and discusses the relationships of the six GeoTags; next it describes the meanings and the storing method of them.Then, the thesis gives the method and steps of the conversion between coordinates of raster space and model space according to the principle of GeoTiff image data encoding.Finally, considering the application of GeoTiff, the thesis discusses itsmerits and forecasts its development scope.
GeoTiff is a special formofTiff spec.GeoTiff 1.0 adds six GeoTags provided to describe all geographic coordinate information and projection informationon the base of Tiff.Using the tags, such as pixel scale, tie points, projection types, coordinate systems etc., you can easily getthe latitude and longitude fromthe rasterspace of GeoTiff image, and vice versa.Firstly, this thesis introduces three kindsof coordinate systems GeoTiff supporting and discusses the relationships of the six GeoTags; next it describes the meanings and the storing method of them.Then, the thesis gives the method and steps of the conversion between coordinates of raster space and model space according to the principle of GeoTiff image data encoding.Finally, considering the application of GeoTiff, the thesis discusses itsmerits and forecasts its development scope.
2002, 27(3): 250-254.
Abstract:
A universal-purpose pipeline management development platform is designed based on MAPGIS, a large-scale GIS software. This platform has integrated data model and thus possesses a very large capacity for various types of data.With amulti-layerarchitecture, itincludes several modules such as network datamanagement & network analysis, general pipeline data pool management, special pipeline data pool management, pipeline project management, pipeline utility toolbox, C+ + class & ActiveX control library of pipeline management, etc.The platform supports both APIs and component interfaces, which brings convenience and flexibility for secondary development. It meets well the needs of developing pipeline management applications. Using the platform, a series of successful pipeline information systems have been developed and adopted, which proves that ithas verywide application perspective.
A universal-purpose pipeline management development platform is designed based on MAPGIS, a large-scale GIS software. This platform has integrated data model and thus possesses a very large capacity for various types of data.With amulti-layerarchitecture, itincludes several modules such as network datamanagement & network analysis, general pipeline data pool management, special pipeline data pool management, pipeline project management, pipeline utility toolbox, C+ + class & ActiveX control library of pipeline management, etc.The platform supports both APIs and component interfaces, which brings convenience and flexibility for secondary development. It meets well the needs of developing pipeline management applications. Using the platform, a series of successful pipeline information systems have been developed and adopted, which proves that ithas verywide application perspective.
2002, 27(3): 255-258.
Abstract:
The authors of this paper introduce briefly the level, functions and basic principle of OLE DB in Microsoft UDA, which is an important part of Microsoft UDA.They design an OLE DB provider for MAPGIS with VISU-AL C+ + ATL, which can get value of normal type of field according to MAPGIS data structure.They emphasize in particular the design of the provider's data-source object, session object, command object and rowset object.A readonly provider is very useful for the application which only needs data-query, and can be rapidly developed with VB programming environment. Itmay even enable the user to get MAPGIS data to make output tables orWeb page automatically without programming.
The authors of this paper introduce briefly the level, functions and basic principle of OLE DB in Microsoft UDA, which is an important part of Microsoft UDA.They design an OLE DB provider for MAPGIS with VISU-AL C+ + ATL, which can get value of normal type of field according to MAPGIS data structure.They emphasize in particular the design of the provider's data-source object, session object, command object and rowset object.A readonly provider is very useful for the application which only needs data-query, and can be rapidly developed with VB programming environment. Itmay even enable the user to get MAPGIS data to make output tables orWeb page automatically without programming.
2002, 27(3): 259-262.
Abstract:
With the development of WEBGIS, the authors propose a WEBGIS solution based on ASP component technique, meanwhile regard MAPGIS as flatformto explore a group of components with comprehension functions.It is so troubled to make secondary development masters study and command the numerous and complicate components, so the authors abstract ASP codes of these components to form the ASP function library. This ASP function library can make it more easily to master these components for people, and make it more quickly to set up a WEBGIS site.
With the development of WEBGIS, the authors propose a WEBGIS solution based on ASP component technique, meanwhile regard MAPGIS as flatformto explore a group of components with comprehension functions.It is so troubled to make secondary development masters study and command the numerous and complicate components, so the authors abstract ASP codes of these components to form the ASP function library. This ASP function library can make it more easily to master these components for people, and make it more quickly to set up a WEBGIS site.
2002, 27(3): 263-266.
Abstract:
The concept and the technological foundation of COMGIS are discussedwith examples.Further, some differences between COMGIS and traditional GIS, as well as some characteristics of COMGIS are studied. Based on this, we also setup a sample framework solution and development in MAPGIS platform. In this segment, some essential ideas of design and development of MAPGIS components are introduced.With some explicit charts, we can understand the hierarchy of system entirely.In next step, this paper formulates some advantages of development GIS application by using MAPGIS components. At last, the paper introduces major functions and characteristics of COMGIS in some application aspects.At the same time, an amplitude trend of COMGIS development and application is specially introduced.
The concept and the technological foundation of COMGIS are discussedwith examples.Further, some differences between COMGIS and traditional GIS, as well as some characteristics of COMGIS are studied. Based on this, we also setup a sample framework solution and development in MAPGIS platform. In this segment, some essential ideas of design and development of MAPGIS components are introduced.With some explicit charts, we can understand the hierarchy of system entirely.In next step, this paper formulates some advantages of development GIS application by using MAPGIS components. At last, the paper introduces major functions and characteristics of COMGIS in some application aspects.At the same time, an amplitude trend of COMGIS development and application is specially introduced.
2002, 27(3): 267-270.
Abstract:
Based on the comparison of the main storage method used in current GIS, we think that the ORDBMS is a good choice for storing the GIS data. We have discussed the characteristics of a special ORDBMS Postgre-SQL, which include predefined space data type and operation and extensibility fordata and function, forthe storing and processing of GIS data.We have further discussed the extension of the Postgre-SQL following the standard of Open GIS, which involves amore complicated space data structure andmore functions.Moreover, we have extended to the discussion on the store of 3D GIS data applicable in the real world.At last, we discuss the extension for 3D GIS. We use simple complexes as the basic data model, define bounding box in the geometry feather and using the R-tree structure to improve searching proficiency.We also implement two kinds of important function in space manipulation, one is the determiner of the spatial relation between objects, the other is manipulation between two 3D bodies such as union, intersection and clipping.All the function is designed for the extension in server side using C or C+ +, and in the client side, we use JAVA language to get the space data from server.
Based on the comparison of the main storage method used in current GIS, we think that the ORDBMS is a good choice for storing the GIS data. We have discussed the characteristics of a special ORDBMS Postgre-SQL, which include predefined space data type and operation and extensibility fordata and function, forthe storing and processing of GIS data.We have further discussed the extension of the Postgre-SQL following the standard of Open GIS, which involves amore complicated space data structure andmore functions.Moreover, we have extended to the discussion on the store of 3D GIS data applicable in the real world.At last, we discuss the extension for 3D GIS. We use simple complexes as the basic data model, define bounding box in the geometry feather and using the R-tree structure to improve searching proficiency.We also implement two kinds of important function in space manipulation, one is the determiner of the spatial relation between objects, the other is manipulation between two 3D bodies such as union, intersection and clipping.All the function is designed for the extension in server side using C or C+ +, and in the client side, we use JAVA language to get the space data from server.
2002, 27(3): 271-273.
Abstract:
In the fields of resources, environment and engineering exploration, tetrahedral network created up from the three dimensional dispersed data is of great significance for making three dimension spatial analysis to obtain the distribution of unknown three dimensional spatial objects. Based on the analysis of the triangulation irregular network algorithms, the authors put forward three ideas and steps of building tetrahedral network. (1) Triangulation growth: The first tetrahedron is first generated in a data field. Then a new tetrahedron is spread out from one surface of the tetrahedron. This continues until all discrete points are connected to a network. (2) Incremental insertion: The un processed data are inserted in the existing tetrahedral network, once a point. Then the local optimization procedure of the network is realized. (3) Divided conquer: First, the data are ordered. Then the collections of data points are recursively divided until each collection only includes four points to form a tetrahedron. Finally, every tetrahedral network is merged from lower level to upper level until the last tetrahedral network is produced.
In the fields of resources, environment and engineering exploration, tetrahedral network created up from the three dimensional dispersed data is of great significance for making three dimension spatial analysis to obtain the distribution of unknown three dimensional spatial objects. Based on the analysis of the triangulation irregular network algorithms, the authors put forward three ideas and steps of building tetrahedral network. (1) Triangulation growth: The first tetrahedron is first generated in a data field. Then a new tetrahedron is spread out from one surface of the tetrahedron. This continues until all discrete points are connected to a network. (2) Incremental insertion: The un processed data are inserted in the existing tetrahedral network, once a point. Then the local optimization procedure of the network is realized. (3) Divided conquer: First, the data are ordered. Then the collections of data points are recursively divided until each collection only includes four points to form a tetrahedron. Finally, every tetrahedral network is merged from lower level to upper level until the last tetrahedral network is produced.
2002, 27(3): 274-277.
Abstract:
With the development of Internet, WEBGIS has become an emerging focus of the GIS industry. The ASP component solution, developed by us, is a promising solution in this field. It features in prompt accessing, comprehensive functions, and general usage over various platforms. But in the aspect of user/client interface, it remains more to be improved, so we use JAVA Applet technology as a supplement for the client interface interaction. JAVA Applet attributes, such as client end run, platform independent, and complete interaction abilities, can help us to develop a WEBGIS with more powerful, faster accessing, and more friendly user interface.
With the development of Internet, WEBGIS has become an emerging focus of the GIS industry. The ASP component solution, developed by us, is a promising solution in this field. It features in prompt accessing, comprehensive functions, and general usage over various platforms. But in the aspect of user/client interface, it remains more to be improved, so we use JAVA Applet technology as a supplement for the client interface interaction. JAVA Applet attributes, such as client end run, platform independent, and complete interaction abilities, can help us to develop a WEBGIS with more powerful, faster accessing, and more friendly user interface.
2002, 27(3): 278-284.
Abstract:
The application of 3D visibility theory and technology in the cartography science promotes the evolution of the traditional, static and planar maps toward the dynamical and 3D maps, and this has become a new research field of geographic information system (GIS) and digital cartography. The study on the digital map and database provides the edgecutting technology and abundant data resources for the research on 3D maps. This paper discusses the construction of digital elevation model (DEM) which is based on contour and scattered elevation points, the modeling based on DEM and display of other elements of topography map, such as block, street, residential area, vegetation, road network and water system, etc. and gives an account of the establishment of 3D topographical symbol library, dynamical display of the model and the overlay representation with orthographic image. Finally, it explores the application of the 3D visibility technology in shaded relief maps, simulant flights, and virtual cities, etc.
The application of 3D visibility theory and technology in the cartography science promotes the evolution of the traditional, static and planar maps toward the dynamical and 3D maps, and this has become a new research field of geographic information system (GIS) and digital cartography. The study on the digital map and database provides the edgecutting technology and abundant data resources for the research on 3D maps. This paper discusses the construction of digital elevation model (DEM) which is based on contour and scattered elevation points, the modeling based on DEM and display of other elements of topography map, such as block, street, residential area, vegetation, road network and water system, etc. and gives an account of the establishment of 3D topographical symbol library, dynamical display of the model and the overlay representation with orthographic image. Finally, it explores the application of the 3D visibility technology in shaded relief maps, simulant flights, and virtual cities, etc.
2002, 27(3): 285-288.
Abstract:
Component GIS, combined with GIS and component technology, is a mainstream in GIS technology. This paper introduces the concept of GIS and component GIS and presents the merits of component GIS and the structure of MAPGIS component development platform. Meanwhile it shows the common method of GIS application development by using MAPGIS components and the steps of using MAPGIS components in VISUAL BASIC. Also, it describes a sample to demonstrate how to develop GIS application based on MAPGIS components. The sample is combined with VISUAL BASIC and MAPGIS components, such as data management component, graphic display component, graphic editing control and attribute data editing control, and thus possesses the functions of graph display and GIS attribute data editing.
Component GIS, combined with GIS and component technology, is a mainstream in GIS technology. This paper introduces the concept of GIS and component GIS and presents the merits of component GIS and the structure of MAPGIS component development platform. Meanwhile it shows the common method of GIS application development by using MAPGIS components and the steps of using MAPGIS components in VISUAL BASIC. Also, it describes a sample to demonstrate how to develop GIS application based on MAPGIS components. The sample is combined with VISUAL BASIC and MAPGIS components, such as data management component, graphic display component, graphic editing control and attribute data editing control, and thus possesses the functions of graph display and GIS attribute data editing.
2002, 27(3): 289-292.
Abstract:
The electric notebook is often used for field surveying in survey departments. But it only records position coordinates, and cannot display any map surveyed. Now a digital surveying and mapping system of pocked PC can be used for this purpose. This paper discusses the selection of development tools, the general structure, function of the surveying and mapping system. According to the design fundamental of graphical interfaces, a large scale software system of pocket PC is designed with data calculation, collection and management. It can record the primary data, map and attribution of the surveyed object, and can conveniently note text or content. More important, it can look over the actual landform and directly draw maps by the surveyed data without continuing to edit and draw indoors. At the same time, the paper introduces some problem of its realization in development. With the development of pocked PC hardware, a digital surveying and mapping system of pocked PC will be widely used in the map and data updating.
The electric notebook is often used for field surveying in survey departments. But it only records position coordinates, and cannot display any map surveyed. Now a digital surveying and mapping system of pocked PC can be used for this purpose. This paper discusses the selection of development tools, the general structure, function of the surveying and mapping system. According to the design fundamental of graphical interfaces, a large scale software system of pocket PC is designed with data calculation, collection and management. It can record the primary data, map and attribution of the surveyed object, and can conveniently note text or content. More important, it can look over the actual landform and directly draw maps by the surveyed data without continuing to edit and draw indoors. At the same time, the paper introduces some problem of its realization in development. With the development of pocked PC hardware, a digital surveying and mapping system of pocked PC will be widely used in the map and data updating.
2002, 27(3): 293-296.
Abstract:
The professional database system has been developed to manage the land use data, which is the main geographical data of China and will play an important role in the land resources management. On the basis of MAPGIS and according to a few designing guidelines, we present six function modules of the system such as data editing, data query, data statistics and so on. Meanwhile, we explicate the solution to some technical problems such as the data form, attribute relationship with graphics, the B + tree index of graphic cell of database, flows of data query, etc.
The professional database system has been developed to manage the land use data, which is the main geographical data of China and will play an important role in the land resources management. On the basis of MAPGIS and according to a few designing guidelines, we present six function modules of the system such as data editing, data query, data statistics and so on. Meanwhile, we explicate the solution to some technical problems such as the data form, attribute relationship with graphics, the B + tree index of graphic cell of database, flows of data query, etc.
2002, 27(3): 297-300.
Abstract:
Land management by hand can not satisfy the current economic development for it is slow in updating and synthetic use and complicated for query and statistics. According to the requirements given by the "Technique Regulations for Land Use Condition Survey" and "Technique Format of Land Use Database at County Level" in new time land resources survey issued by the National Land Resources Ministry of China, this paper discusses the technical route for collecting land use data, the management model for layering and constructing special data, the technical process for building spatial database and the requirements for running environment and the functions of the system by using the technique of geographic information system (GIS) and spatial database management.
Land management by hand can not satisfy the current economic development for it is slow in updating and synthetic use and complicated for query and statistics. According to the requirements given by the "Technique Regulations for Land Use Condition Survey" and "Technique Format of Land Use Database at County Level" in new time land resources survey issued by the National Land Resources Ministry of China, this paper discusses the technical route for collecting land use data, the management model for layering and constructing special data, the technical process for building spatial database and the requirements for running environment and the functions of the system by using the technique of geographic information system (GIS) and spatial database management.
2002, 27(3): 301-305.
Abstract:
Military field is very special, and so the security of information and multiformity of spatial data are important in application. Today global information development has become a focus, and to keep up the step of development of era, GIS technology must be applied into the construction of information in military force. The paper introduces the present application and integration prospect of the GIS system in military marker mapping and discusses the architecture and the theory in detail. Based on this, it gives an account of a sample solution and characteristics of application system developed from the MAPGIS platform.First, the paper makes an analysis of the needs of geographic information data in military information system and some remarks on the present study of the related area. Then, it systematically introduces entire architecture and data feature of the military marker mapping system. According to data model, the application model and service model are developed and some ideas are brought forward, such as object oriented and integrated and alternating tool. At the same time, some GIS functions are added in this application system. Additionally, the paper formulates the military marker object data model and military marker object operator model, which are realized in the system. Finally, the paper introduces major modules and functions in this application system and the prospect of the GIS research and development.
Military field is very special, and so the security of information and multiformity of spatial data are important in application. Today global information development has become a focus, and to keep up the step of development of era, GIS technology must be applied into the construction of information in military force. The paper introduces the present application and integration prospect of the GIS system in military marker mapping and discusses the architecture and the theory in detail. Based on this, it gives an account of a sample solution and characteristics of application system developed from the MAPGIS platform.First, the paper makes an analysis of the needs of geographic information data in military information system and some remarks on the present study of the related area. Then, it systematically introduces entire architecture and data feature of the military marker mapping system. According to data model, the application model and service model are developed and some ideas are brought forward, such as object oriented and integrated and alternating tool. At the same time, some GIS functions are added in this application system. Additionally, the paper formulates the military marker object data model and military marker object operator model, which are realized in the system. Finally, the paper introduces major modules and functions in this application system and the prospect of the GIS research and development.
2002, 27(3): 306-310.
Abstract:
China will pay more attention to building the national land and resources information system in next few years. The foundation of this system is to integrate information. However, there are three problems in integrating land and resources information: (1) data short of share among different GIS; (2) data do not integrate among diverse types; (3) data do not transfer through data centers in various levels. The first can be solved by adding a middle layer to convert different GIS format data between the GIS ODBC layer and database. The second can be dealt by congruence of map layers that puts different types data in different map lays, then finding their space control points in order to superpose them, so different layers can become a due to their space relationships. The third can be managed by space data warehouse, in which data is divided into different levels by the scale, that is, headquarter stores the smallest scale data that are the most synthetic and therefore the least while bottom branch stores the largest scale data that are the most detail and, therefore the most, thus a data pyramid forms, and data can be transferred through different levels by space control points or a method what is called data abstract in the field of data warehouse. Integrating land and resource information aims to build a platform for the whole system. The platform is a land and resources information infrastructure that is based on data center, can manage all information, support all current popular GIS, and is able to transfer data seamless through different levels. In a word, the whole information system can be divided into two layers: the platform and upper function layer or MIS, and in theory, the former can supply any type, any block and even any scale data for the later.
China will pay more attention to building the national land and resources information system in next few years. The foundation of this system is to integrate information. However, there are three problems in integrating land and resources information: (1) data short of share among different GIS; (2) data do not integrate among diverse types; (3) data do not transfer through data centers in various levels. The first can be solved by adding a middle layer to convert different GIS format data between the GIS ODBC layer and database. The second can be dealt by congruence of map layers that puts different types data in different map lays, then finding their space control points in order to superpose them, so different layers can become a due to their space relationships. The third can be managed by space data warehouse, in which data is divided into different levels by the scale, that is, headquarter stores the smallest scale data that are the most synthetic and therefore the least while bottom branch stores the largest scale data that are the most detail and, therefore the most, thus a data pyramid forms, and data can be transferred through different levels by space control points or a method what is called data abstract in the field of data warehouse. Integrating land and resource information aims to build a platform for the whole system. The platform is a land and resources information infrastructure that is based on data center, can manage all information, support all current popular GIS, and is able to transfer data seamless through different levels. In a word, the whole information system can be divided into two layers: the platform and upper function layer or MIS, and in theory, the former can supply any type, any block and even any scale data for the later.
2002, 27(3): 311-314.
Abstract:
Road red line layout is the framework of layout of the whole city, and thus is very important data for the urban planing department. But the traditional design of road red line layout cannot keep up with the development of the modern cities. This problem will not be resolved unless red line layout is digitalized. Hence, the authors of this article analyse the importance of layouting road red lines in city planning, and the status of GIS technology in the layouting. According to the characteristics of the road red line layout, the authors design digital data and details the function of inputting and creating red line data, such as road mid line, edge line, curves, intersect and trumpet with an aim to make use of computer and GIS technology to realize digital data of layouting road red lines, and to satisfy the demand of the practical city planning.
Road red line layout is the framework of layout of the whole city, and thus is very important data for the urban planing department. But the traditional design of road red line layout cannot keep up with the development of the modern cities. This problem will not be resolved unless red line layout is digitalized. Hence, the authors of this article analyse the importance of layouting road red lines in city planning, and the status of GIS technology in the layouting. According to the characteristics of the road red line layout, the authors design digital data and details the function of inputting and creating red line data, such as road mid line, edge line, curves, intersect and trumpet with an aim to make use of computer and GIS technology to realize digital data of layouting road red lines, and to satisfy the demand of the practical city planning.
2002, 27(3): 315-318.
Abstract:
The using land red line in plannins is an important data of the planning administration. Meanwhile, the digltalization of the using land red line in planning administration is a necessary part of the digital city construction. The paper discusses the basic functions and the methods of the system of the using land red line. These functions include CAD of the using land red line, query and statistic, print, record of the history of the using land red line and WEBGIS. The article introduces the basic ideas and some typical functions about CAD of the using land red line in detail. In part of data organization and technology difficulty, the paper particularly discusses the ideas of recording the history of the using land red line. Lastly, the article discusses the methods of WEBGIS development, and shows the WEBGIS model of the using land red line that is developed by the method of transition of GIS data format.
The using land red line in plannins is an important data of the planning administration. Meanwhile, the digltalization of the using land red line in planning administration is a necessary part of the digital city construction. The paper discusses the basic functions and the methods of the system of the using land red line. These functions include CAD of the using land red line, query and statistic, print, record of the history of the using land red line and WEBGIS. The article introduces the basic ideas and some typical functions about CAD of the using land red line in detail. In part of data organization and technology difficulty, the paper particularly discusses the ideas of recording the history of the using land red line. Lastly, the article discusses the methods of WEBGIS development, and shows the WEBGIS model of the using land red line that is developed by the method of transition of GIS data format.
2002, 27(3): 319-322.
Abstract:
With the development of city information building, a large scale digital surveying and mapping system is widely used in urban geographic information system. In the past, some digital surveying and mapping systems emphasized mapping, and hardly considered application of GIS. This paper discusses the general structure, data organization and function of the system. It also introduces data input, data process and output of many kinds of maps. According to system solutions, compatibility, expansibility and opening fundamental, a whole digital surveying and mapping system is designed and developed based on MAPGIS. The system can perform data collection outdoors and making map automatically indoors. In other words, the system has the functions about data loading, collecting, reading, analyzing, dealing with, mapping, editing, changing and printing etc. At the same time, the system can input the attribute information of surveying object, make maps with topology relation, and print maps that meet the national standards.
With the development of city information building, a large scale digital surveying and mapping system is widely used in urban geographic information system. In the past, some digital surveying and mapping systems emphasized mapping, and hardly considered application of GIS. This paper discusses the general structure, data organization and function of the system. It also introduces data input, data process and output of many kinds of maps. According to system solutions, compatibility, expansibility and opening fundamental, a whole digital surveying and mapping system is designed and developed based on MAPGIS. The system can perform data collection outdoors and making map automatically indoors. In other words, the system has the functions about data loading, collecting, reading, analyzing, dealing with, mapping, editing, changing and printing etc. At the same time, the system can input the attribute information of surveying object, make maps with topology relation, and print maps that meet the national standards.
2002, 27(3): 323-325.
Abstract:
The project of Digital Land is the infrastructure construction of country and is concerned with many fields. It aims to make good use of the resources by the informatization of the resources so asto the promote the sustainable development of the national economy. As the project thus developed includes big data generating, transformation, and updating, it should be supported by the wide band and 3S integration technique as well as related technical achievements. It is necessary for the multi source data to have the uniform standard of database so that it can achieve the sharing of resources. Accordingly the model set up is multi dimensional and can support land resources planning, land management, mine development and other decision making. At the same time, the project should obey the principle of uniform plan and goal.
The project of Digital Land is the infrastructure construction of country and is concerned with many fields. It aims to make good use of the resources by the informatization of the resources so asto the promote the sustainable development of the national economy. As the project thus developed includes big data generating, transformation, and updating, it should be supported by the wide band and 3S integration technique as well as related technical achievements. It is necessary for the multi source data to have the uniform standard of database so that it can achieve the sharing of resources. Accordingly the model set up is multi dimensional and can support land resources planning, land management, mine development and other decision making. At the same time, the project should obey the principle of uniform plan and goal.
2002, 27(3): 326-328.
Abstract:
This paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of three main organizations which include the GIS system, GIS Corp. and GIS development Corp., SCADA Corp. and the electrical departments. It then suggests a method that divides the electrical distribution circuitry GIS system into some layers, which allows the GIS Corps. to develop the platform of electrical distributed Circuitry GIS, and SCADA Corps. and others to make a secondary development of the system on this platform. It also discusses the function range of the platform and key techniques to further develop the platform, which includes large scale data management, topology management, facility warehouse, topology in layers by facilities, COM technique etc. At the same time, it presents an example that uses this method in practice.
This paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of three main organizations which include the GIS system, GIS Corp. and GIS development Corp., SCADA Corp. and the electrical departments. It then suggests a method that divides the electrical distribution circuitry GIS system into some layers, which allows the GIS Corps. to develop the platform of electrical distributed Circuitry GIS, and SCADA Corps. and others to make a secondary development of the system on this platform. It also discusses the function range of the platform and key techniques to further develop the platform, which includes large scale data management, topology management, facility warehouse, topology in layers by facilities, COM technique etc. At the same time, it presents an example that uses this method in practice.
2002, 27(3): 329-332.
Abstract:
Local communication network is an important part of our public communication network, but it was managed by hand in the past. To manage and maintain this network effectively, we must use advanced technology to build local GIS communication network management system. To realize the computerization of the layout design, project construction, maintenance and analysis of the local network so as to provide comprehensive services for different purposes or different layers. This paper discusses the actual management of the local network and the inevitability of building the GIS communication network management system as well as the technical questions to be considered in the building, such as: principle of system design, standards, range, system functions, model of data management, database selection, hardware selection, GIS platform selection, etc. In addition, this paper introduces the application of telecommunication network geographic information system based on MAPGIS.
Local communication network is an important part of our public communication network, but it was managed by hand in the past. To manage and maintain this network effectively, we must use advanced technology to build local GIS communication network management system. To realize the computerization of the layout design, project construction, maintenance and analysis of the local network so as to provide comprehensive services for different purposes or different layers. This paper discusses the actual management of the local network and the inevitability of building the GIS communication network management system as well as the technical questions to be considered in the building, such as: principle of system design, standards, range, system functions, model of data management, database selection, hardware selection, GIS platform selection, etc. In addition, this paper introduces the application of telecommunication network geographic information system based on MAPGIS.
Object-Relation Model of ORACLE Spatial Database: with Discussion of RDB and OODB Application in GIS
2002, 27(3): 333-337.
Abstract:
There are some problems of RDB in GIS application. Sometimes the data type is too simple to describe non-structured or complex-structured data in GIS and the simple model can't express the relation of hierarchy, inheritance, aggregation, generalization or specialization, or there is impedance mismatch between SQL and programming language, especially the current popular object-oriented language. While object-oriented (OO) technology may be useful to solve these problems. ORACLE spatial database extends the traditional relation database with the technology, the so-called object-relation model, which features adding to RDB an object data type named SDO-GEOMETRY to store geometry. An application example of ORACLE spatial database demonstrated the advantages of OODB in describing spatial data and the efficiency in expressing compound object and processing spatial data compared to RDB which only stores meaningless data. Certainly, there are still some issues that need further research in OODB: which direction OODB will develop: pure OODB or object-relation DB, the data model match between RDB and OODB, the mathematic basis and formalization for OODB and how to take advantages of existing mature technologies of RDB such as transaction control, integrity check, data reproduction in the development of OODB.
There are some problems of RDB in GIS application. Sometimes the data type is too simple to describe non-structured or complex-structured data in GIS and the simple model can't express the relation of hierarchy, inheritance, aggregation, generalization or specialization, or there is impedance mismatch between SQL and programming language, especially the current popular object-oriented language. While object-oriented (OO) technology may be useful to solve these problems. ORACLE spatial database extends the traditional relation database with the technology, the so-called object-relation model, which features adding to RDB an object data type named SDO-GEOMETRY to store geometry. An application example of ORACLE spatial database demonstrated the advantages of OODB in describing spatial data and the efficiency in expressing compound object and processing spatial data compared to RDB which only stores meaningless data. Certainly, there are still some issues that need further research in OODB: which direction OODB will develop: pure OODB or object-relation DB, the data model match between RDB and OODB, the mathematic basis and formalization for OODB and how to take advantages of existing mature technologies of RDB such as transaction control, integrity check, data reproduction in the development of OODB.
2002, 27(3): 338-340.
Abstract:
Wavelet transform is widely used in image fusion with its good features. But the algorithm based on Mallat has a major disadvantage for it contains interpolation and decimation. The new Trous algorithm, formed by convolving with an increasingly dilated Wavelet function, doesn't have the procedure of interpolation and decimation, and so it can solve the problem. This article firstly introduce representation of information and algorithms and applications of fusion and emphasize the algorithm based on Trous Wavelet transform. In the end, it indicate that visual effects, average gradient and standard deviation could implement the image quality evaluations after fusion. The results show that the images after fusion can keep the information of the raw image.
Wavelet transform is widely used in image fusion with its good features. But the algorithm based on Mallat has a major disadvantage for it contains interpolation and decimation. The new Trous algorithm, formed by convolving with an increasingly dilated Wavelet function, doesn't have the procedure of interpolation and decimation, and so it can solve the problem. This article firstly introduce representation of information and algorithms and applications of fusion and emphasize the algorithm based on Trous Wavelet transform. In the end, it indicate that visual effects, average gradient and standard deviation could implement the image quality evaluations after fusion. The results show that the images after fusion can keep the information of the raw image.
2002, 27(3): 341-348.
Abstract:
Geographic information system (GIS) and computer techniques will be introduced in the next national land and resources surveying. GIS software will provide modernization techniques with digital mapping of geological maps. MAPGIS, recommended as the first chosen platform of GIS made in China, has a lot of powerful functions of computer-aided mapping. Its application has resulted in considerable progress since it was introduced in regional geological surveying. This paper describs the digital mapping technique with MAPGIS by an example of Qiangtang, Xizang (Tibet), which has complex geological structures and plentiful geological contents, using 1∶500 000 geological map and 1∶1 000 000 structural map of the area. It has given a special account of the data preparing, process design, raster to vector, coordinate grid, error rectification, map junction, topological area creation, line parameter editing, color collocation and copying technology.
Geographic information system (GIS) and computer techniques will be introduced in the next national land and resources surveying. GIS software will provide modernization techniques with digital mapping of geological maps. MAPGIS, recommended as the first chosen platform of GIS made in China, has a lot of powerful functions of computer-aided mapping. Its application has resulted in considerable progress since it was introduced in regional geological surveying. This paper describs the digital mapping technique with MAPGIS by an example of Qiangtang, Xizang (Tibet), which has complex geological structures and plentiful geological contents, using 1∶500 000 geological map and 1∶1 000 000 structural map of the area. It has given a special account of the data preparing, process design, raster to vector, coordinate grid, error rectification, map junction, topological area creation, line parameter editing, color collocation and copying technology.
2002, 27(3): 349-352.
Abstract:
This paper introduces in detail the background, exploitation and technology of synthetical pipeline management system in Shanghai petrochemistry based on WEB. The use of Client/Server structure and JAVA program allows the system to have many good characteristics, such as true information share, flexible management of pipeline delamination, dependable database management structure and good expansibility. Six functional models, such as relief map management, pipeline imputing and editing, were established for users. The important technical factors involved in the system mainly include highly effective management of great capacity of graphics, three dimension data management, source data management and query, auto creating section map, auto generation of real time data, information issuing based on Internet and so on.
This paper introduces in detail the background, exploitation and technology of synthetical pipeline management system in Shanghai petrochemistry based on WEB. The use of Client/Server structure and JAVA program allows the system to have many good characteristics, such as true information share, flexible management of pipeline delamination, dependable database management structure and good expansibility. Six functional models, such as relief map management, pipeline imputing and editing, were established for users. The important technical factors involved in the system mainly include highly effective management of great capacity of graphics, three dimension data management, source data management and query, auto creating section map, auto generation of real time data, information issuing based on Internet and so on.
2002, 27(3): 353-356.
Abstract:
Pipelines which transmit materials and products in petrochemical enterprises are classified into many categories and have complicated spatial relationships. They require highly safe management, so it is necessary to apply GIS technology to manage petrochemical pipeline information with computers. Hence, a pipeline management information system was specially designed for large scale petrochemical enterprises. Based on MAPGIS, this system adopts multi-layer data model and includes several sub systems such as map library management, pipeline inputting and editing, pipeline maintenance, WEB issuing, design aiding, etc. It also adopts some new technologies, such as analysis based on 3D spatial data, virtual reality, pipeline information WEB issuing via ASP and COM, automatically creating real-time profile, etc. Used in Shanghai petrochemical company, this system proves to be steady and reliable. This paper introduces data model of the system, its architecture, its implementation technique and application perspective.
Pipelines which transmit materials and products in petrochemical enterprises are classified into many categories and have complicated spatial relationships. They require highly safe management, so it is necessary to apply GIS technology to manage petrochemical pipeline information with computers. Hence, a pipeline management information system was specially designed for large scale petrochemical enterprises. Based on MAPGIS, this system adopts multi-layer data model and includes several sub systems such as map library management, pipeline inputting and editing, pipeline maintenance, WEB issuing, design aiding, etc. It also adopts some new technologies, such as analysis based on 3D spatial data, virtual reality, pipeline information WEB issuing via ASP and COM, automatically creating real-time profile, etc. Used in Shanghai petrochemical company, this system proves to be steady and reliable. This paper introduces data model of the system, its architecture, its implementation technique and application perspective.
