2015 Vol. 40, No. 8
Display Method:
2015, 40(8): 1287-1294.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.108
PDF 2836KB
Abstract:
Hyperspectral remote sensing technology obtains hundreds of narrow spectral bands in the visible, near-infrared, mid-infrared and far-infrared bands and contains a wealth of space, radiation and spectral information. Much materials can be identified that are not recognized in multispectral data. The recent advances in broad width hyperspectral imager, space-borne hyperspectral data digital simulation, calibration and processing and typical applications in the investigation of mineral and oil-gas resources are introduced in the paper. In additon, the information system of hyperspectral data acquisition, storage, management, typical geological application and distribution is established, which shall be of great significance to the application of hyperspectral remote sensing data to the investigation of mineral and energy resources.
Hyperspectral remote sensing technology obtains hundreds of narrow spectral bands in the visible, near-infrared, mid-infrared and far-infrared bands and contains a wealth of space, radiation and spectral information. Much materials can be identified that are not recognized in multispectral data. The recent advances in broad width hyperspectral imager, space-borne hyperspectral data digital simulation, calibration and processing and typical applications in the investigation of mineral and oil-gas resources are introduced in the paper. In additon, the information system of hyperspectral data acquisition, storage, management, typical geological application and distribution is established, which shall be of great significance to the application of hyperspectral remote sensing data to the investigation of mineral and energy resources.
2015, 40(8): 1295-1300.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.109
Abstract:
Enjoying great advantage in accurate classification of ground objects, hyperspectral imaging technology has become popular in geological remote sensing. To determine the suitable sensor specifications for the geological applications, the users' demand and relationship between hyperspectral sensor's specifications including ground resolution, spectral resolution, swath and SNR are analyzed. Specifications of high resolution and wide swath hyper-spectral sensors for geosciences are proposed. Both large area searching and specific area monitoring in details can be achieved with the specifications system, which can facilitate further development of hyperspectral remote sensing in geological applications.
Enjoying great advantage in accurate classification of ground objects, hyperspectral imaging technology has become popular in geological remote sensing. To determine the suitable sensor specifications for the geological applications, the users' demand and relationship between hyperspectral sensor's specifications including ground resolution, spectral resolution, swath and SNR are analyzed. Specifications of high resolution and wide swath hyper-spectral sensors for geosciences are proposed. Both large area searching and specific area monitoring in details can be achieved with the specifications system, which can facilitate further development of hyperspectral remote sensing in geological applications.
2015, 40(8): 1301-1309.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.110
Abstract:
Hyperspectral remote sensing technology is new in oil and gas exploration. Based on the theory of abnormal surface symbiosis with oil and gas microseepage, four typical classifications, maximum likelihood classification in the wavelet-based principal component analysis, endmember extraction, typical alteration classification with spectral libraries and decision tree classification based on vegetation indices are chosen to carry a case study of Hyperion images in Yulin, to obtain the related thematic maps such as clay, carbonate, vegetation and determine six comprehensive anomalous areas. A comprehensive analysis of the distribution of existing gas well and oil-gas anomalous areas show that the information extraction method of oil and gas microseepage is valid.
Hyperspectral remote sensing technology is new in oil and gas exploration. Based on the theory of abnormal surface symbiosis with oil and gas microseepage, four typical classifications, maximum likelihood classification in the wavelet-based principal component analysis, endmember extraction, typical alteration classification with spectral libraries and decision tree classification based on vegetation indices are chosen to carry a case study of Hyperion images in Yulin, to obtain the related thematic maps such as clay, carbonate, vegetation and determine six comprehensive anomalous areas. A comprehensive analysis of the distribution of existing gas well and oil-gas anomalous areas show that the information extraction method of oil and gas microseepage is valid.
2015, 40(8): 1310-1318.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.111
Abstract:
In order to evaluate the hyperspectral satellite data quality effectively, rationally and objectively to facilitate mineral and energy exploration, we carried out an in-depth study, centering on the most representative load indexes (geometric spatial resolution, spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio). systematically and comprehensively analysing the image quality effect on different loading indicators and scale of analog spaceborne Hymap hyperspectral data by multi-angle research methods including mean squared error (MSE) abnormalities, abnormal histogram, data related abnormalities, abnormal reflectivity curve, the signal-noise ratio (SNR) parameter and the practical application of the analog data (alteration information extraction and mineral mapping). Results suggest that the three load index restrict each other. With the improvement of spatial resolution and spectral resolution, SNR will reduce. When the geometric space resolution is 15 m, spectral resolution is 15-20 nm, and SNR≥350, it can satisfy the requirement of the conventional mineral mapping.
In order to evaluate the hyperspectral satellite data quality effectively, rationally and objectively to facilitate mineral and energy exploration, we carried out an in-depth study, centering on the most representative load indexes (geometric spatial resolution, spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio). systematically and comprehensively analysing the image quality effect on different loading indicators and scale of analog spaceborne Hymap hyperspectral data by multi-angle research methods including mean squared error (MSE) abnormalities, abnormal histogram, data related abnormalities, abnormal reflectivity curve, the signal-noise ratio (SNR) parameter and the practical application of the analog data (alteration information extraction and mineral mapping). Results suggest that the three load index restrict each other. With the improvement of spatial resolution and spectral resolution, SNR will reduce. When the geometric space resolution is 15 m, spectral resolution is 15-20 nm, and SNR≥350, it can satisfy the requirement of the conventional mineral mapping.
2015, 40(8): 1319-1324.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.112
Abstract:
The migration enrichment of metallogenic elements in the bearing bed can cause changes of the spectrum of overlying vegetation. Therefore, the metallogenic elements enrichment information which is extracted by using vegetation spectral response characteristics can be used to indicate the underlying mineral deposits. In this paper, Xi Ujimqin Qi grassland in Inner Mongolian was taken as an example. The spectra of the vegetation was collected and Nine metal elements in the vegetation were measured. The influence of red edge and absorption depth on the sensitivity of different metallogenic elements were analyzed. The significance of model parameters was verified and the element-response model based on absorption depth was established to detect W and Co elements, which was applied to hyperspectral data(Hyperion). Combined with the field work, the element contents of enriched samples are testified to be higher than the background values. This research shall provide new perspective for mineral investigation and prediction of hyperspectral remote sensing in vegetated area.
The migration enrichment of metallogenic elements in the bearing bed can cause changes of the spectrum of overlying vegetation. Therefore, the metallogenic elements enrichment information which is extracted by using vegetation spectral response characteristics can be used to indicate the underlying mineral deposits. In this paper, Xi Ujimqin Qi grassland in Inner Mongolian was taken as an example. The spectra of the vegetation was collected and Nine metal elements in the vegetation were measured. The influence of red edge and absorption depth on the sensitivity of different metallogenic elements were analyzed. The significance of model parameters was verified and the element-response model based on absorption depth was established to detect W and Co elements, which was applied to hyperspectral data(Hyperion). Combined with the field work, the element contents of enriched samples are testified to be higher than the background values. This research shall provide new perspective for mineral investigation and prediction of hyperspectral remote sensing in vegetated area.
2015, 40(8): 1325-1329.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.113
Abstract:
The field study of overseas iron ore deposits is difficult because of its remote location. The spectral characteristic was used to extract alteration information in view of the limitation of the traditional methods in this paper, aiming to explore alteration information extraction from hyperspectral images for the Lake Superior type iron ore to facilitate overseas prospecting. A two-dimensional spectral characteristic space takes on an anisotropic feature in associated distribution of two principal bands after principal component analysis. The distribution is usually combined by oval clusters. The scatter points were enclosed in oval clusters of alteration information, and the mean spectra of abnormal scatter points were matched with mineral spectra from United States Geological Survey(USGS) spectral library by means of spectral feature fitting to ensure the type of alteration minerals. Spectral characteristic space method was described with the instance of Lake Superior-type iron deposit—Aguas Claras iron area in Brazil. Hematite, chlorite and other minerals were extracted in this study. It is found that the type and distribution of extracted altered minerals were consistent well with geological condition.
The field study of overseas iron ore deposits is difficult because of its remote location. The spectral characteristic was used to extract alteration information in view of the limitation of the traditional methods in this paper, aiming to explore alteration information extraction from hyperspectral images for the Lake Superior type iron ore to facilitate overseas prospecting. A two-dimensional spectral characteristic space takes on an anisotropic feature in associated distribution of two principal bands after principal component analysis. The distribution is usually combined by oval clusters. The scatter points were enclosed in oval clusters of alteration information, and the mean spectra of abnormal scatter points were matched with mineral spectra from United States Geological Survey(USGS) spectral library by means of spectral feature fitting to ensure the type of alteration minerals. Spectral characteristic space method was described with the instance of Lake Superior-type iron deposit—Aguas Claras iron area in Brazil. Hematite, chlorite and other minerals were extracted in this study. It is found that the type and distribution of extracted altered minerals were consistent well with geological condition.
2015, 40(8): 1339-1345.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.115
Abstract:
To monitor the soil organic matter in the reclamation area of coal mines, the relationship between soil organic matter content and soil spectra in the reclamation area of coal mines was studied, and a quantitative retrieval model was established and validated in order to implement the organic matter content detection in this paper. After the preprocessing of the original spectral, the correlation of the organic matter content and reflectance spectra was analyzed, and 450 nm, 500 nm, 650 nm, 770 nm, 1 460 nm and 2 140 nm wavelength were extracted as feature bands. Using the multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares regression (PLSR) and particle swarm optimization support vector machine regression (PSO-SVM) methods, the hyperspectral quantitative retrieval models for soil organic matter content were built. The results show the coefficient of determination (R2) of MLR, PLSR and PSO-SVM were 0.79, 0.83 and 0.85 respectively, and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were 5.26, 4.93 and 4.76 respectively. The results demonstrate that the stability and predictive ability of PSO-SVM model are better than those of the MLR and PLSR model.
To monitor the soil organic matter in the reclamation area of coal mines, the relationship between soil organic matter content and soil spectra in the reclamation area of coal mines was studied, and a quantitative retrieval model was established and validated in order to implement the organic matter content detection in this paper. After the preprocessing of the original spectral, the correlation of the organic matter content and reflectance spectra was analyzed, and 450 nm, 500 nm, 650 nm, 770 nm, 1 460 nm and 2 140 nm wavelength were extracted as feature bands. Using the multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares regression (PLSR) and particle swarm optimization support vector machine regression (PSO-SVM) methods, the hyperspectral quantitative retrieval models for soil organic matter content were built. The results show the coefficient of determination (R2) of MLR, PLSR and PSO-SVM were 0.79, 0.83 and 0.85 respectively, and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were 5.26, 4.93 and 4.76 respectively. The results demonstrate that the stability and predictive ability of PSO-SVM model are better than those of the MLR and PLSR model.
2015, 40(8): 1346-1352.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.116
Abstract:
Metallogenic prediction using remote sensing alteration information has been widely applied, but there is no systematic mapping method. This paper suggests a new method of isodensity map compilation of remote sensing alteration information. Following the compilation pratice of geochemical field maps, the percentage of the area of each alteration information per unit area is statistically calculated, and the contour map of the areal density is generated. During the remote sensing analysis and geological survey in Dongwuqi region of Inner Mongolia, eight metallogenic prospective areas were successfully delineated by means of this method with the inferred lineation and circular structures based on remote sensing interpretation. Compared to the traditional compilation methods based on pixel units, this new map compilation method can not only effectively enhance the small area information occurring simultaneously on various alterations, but also provide a more visual presentation of the overall spatial distribution and the concentration center of alteration information, favorable for delineation of metallogenic prospective areas and selection of places for further field investigation.
Metallogenic prediction using remote sensing alteration information has been widely applied, but there is no systematic mapping method. This paper suggests a new method of isodensity map compilation of remote sensing alteration information. Following the compilation pratice of geochemical field maps, the percentage of the area of each alteration information per unit area is statistically calculated, and the contour map of the areal density is generated. During the remote sensing analysis and geological survey in Dongwuqi region of Inner Mongolia, eight metallogenic prospective areas were successfully delineated by means of this method with the inferred lineation and circular structures based on remote sensing interpretation. Compared to the traditional compilation methods based on pixel units, this new map compilation method can not only effectively enhance the small area information occurring simultaneously on various alterations, but also provide a more visual presentation of the overall spatial distribution and the concentration center of alteration information, favorable for delineation of metallogenic prospective areas and selection of places for further field investigation.
2015, 40(8): 1353-1358.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.117
Abstract:
Deterioration of soil quality and ecological environment caused by large scale mining poses as a serious threat to the life and social development. Based on measured data of soil in Dexing mining, the restoration potential of abandoned soil is analyzed in this study by using mathematics model and hyperion data to derive the iron ion, clay minerals and organic matter in the abandoned soil. The results show that the favorable contents of soil is low in Ⅰ Tailing Pond, Ⅱ Tailing Pond, Ⅳ Tailing Pond and copper mine, whereas they are high in the forest, which indicates the soil in the mining areas has been ruined due to exploration and development of mining while the soil is better in woods So it is necessary to reclaim the mining wasteland around mining areas after exploitation, and then restore the mining environment by improving soil quality, rational land planning, and close monitoring of the soil quality of mines.
Deterioration of soil quality and ecological environment caused by large scale mining poses as a serious threat to the life and social development. Based on measured data of soil in Dexing mining, the restoration potential of abandoned soil is analyzed in this study by using mathematics model and hyperion data to derive the iron ion, clay minerals and organic matter in the abandoned soil. The results show that the favorable contents of soil is low in Ⅰ Tailing Pond, Ⅱ Tailing Pond, Ⅳ Tailing Pond and copper mine, whereas they are high in the forest, which indicates the soil in the mining areas has been ruined due to exploration and development of mining while the soil is better in woods So it is necessary to reclaim the mining wasteland around mining areas after exploitation, and then restore the mining environment by improving soil quality, rational land planning, and close monitoring of the soil quality of mines.
2015, 40(8): 1359-1364.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.118
Abstract:
In order to enhance the estimation of mixed spectral model, the equidistant/ homalographic model is established to analyze the spectral spatial character to simulate the mixture spectra. Based on the reflex platform and FieldSpec 3 Hi-Res portable spectrum instrument, the equidistant/ homalographic experiment, which takes the effect of distance between optical fiber probe and detected endmember into account, was designed to acquire the mixed spectral reflectance of calcite and green leaf. The measured mixed spectra analysis shows the weight coefficients of distribution change with the distance between the detected endmember and the probe is in a Gauss distribution. Compared with the linear spectral mixture model and improved linear spectral model, the results simulated by the equidistant/ homalographic model is 1.20% greater in similarity and 7.78% lower in RMSE. Considering the influence exerted by spectral spatial structure on mixed spectral simulation, the equidistant/ homalographic model proves to improve the accuracy of mixed spectral simulation and a new method for unmixing the mixed pixel of hyperspectral data.
In order to enhance the estimation of mixed spectral model, the equidistant/ homalographic model is established to analyze the spectral spatial character to simulate the mixture spectra. Based on the reflex platform and FieldSpec 3 Hi-Res portable spectrum instrument, the equidistant/ homalographic experiment, which takes the effect of distance between optical fiber probe and detected endmember into account, was designed to acquire the mixed spectral reflectance of calcite and green leaf. The measured mixed spectra analysis shows the weight coefficients of distribution change with the distance between the detected endmember and the probe is in a Gauss distribution. Compared with the linear spectral mixture model and improved linear spectral model, the results simulated by the equidistant/ homalographic model is 1.20% greater in similarity and 7.78% lower in RMSE. Considering the influence exerted by spectral spatial structure on mixed spectral simulation, the equidistant/ homalographic model proves to improve the accuracy of mixed spectral simulation and a new method for unmixing the mixed pixel of hyperspectral data.
2015, 40(8): 1365-1370.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.119
Abstract:
The objective of this study is to enhance the absorption feature of hydroxyl and carbonate minerals, and to improve the precision of the minerals information extraction in the vegetation covered area. The linear mixing spectra of a pixel containing a hydroxyl/carbonate mineral, green and dry vegetation has been simulated. When a fixed wavelength range is considered, continuum removed absorption depths for diagnostic absorption features of three end-members show significantly linear relation. The vegetation corrected continuum depths (VCCD) model was established to detect hydroxyl or carbonate mineral, which was tested with hyperspectral data (Hyperion) collected at Huma in Xiaoxing'anling, China. Comparing the extracting mineral results and field samples of rock, it is found that the extracting minerals information correspond with that of the polished section of mineral, but the disturbance information is found in the river bed or along the road.
The objective of this study is to enhance the absorption feature of hydroxyl and carbonate minerals, and to improve the precision of the minerals information extraction in the vegetation covered area. The linear mixing spectra of a pixel containing a hydroxyl/carbonate mineral, green and dry vegetation has been simulated. When a fixed wavelength range is considered, continuum removed absorption depths for diagnostic absorption features of three end-members show significantly linear relation. The vegetation corrected continuum depths (VCCD) model was established to detect hydroxyl or carbonate mineral, which was tested with hyperspectral data (Hyperion) collected at Huma in Xiaoxing'anling, China. Comparing the extracting mineral results and field samples of rock, it is found that the extracting minerals information correspond with that of the polished section of mineral, but the disturbance information is found in the river bed or along the road.
2015, 40(8): 1371-1380.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.120
Abstract:
In order to verify the anomalies without any field survey data in remote sensing image caused by hydrocarbon micro seepage phenomenon, the multispectral image and hyperspectral image anomaly interpretation results are used to verify each other in this paper. A new method to confirm the multispectral principal component aberrant threshold value by counting the multispectral pixel value located in the hyperspectral anomaly area is proposed. The overlap rate between the multispectral image anomalies divided by the new method and the hyperspectral image anomay area is computed at 98.808%, higher than the traditional principal component threshold technology.
In order to verify the anomalies without any field survey data in remote sensing image caused by hydrocarbon micro seepage phenomenon, the multispectral image and hyperspectral image anomaly interpretation results are used to verify each other in this paper. A new method to confirm the multispectral principal component aberrant threshold value by counting the multispectral pixel value located in the hyperspectral anomaly area is proposed. The overlap rate between the multispectral image anomalies divided by the new method and the hyperspectral image anomay area is computed at 98.808%, higher than the traditional principal component threshold technology.
2015, 40(8): 1381-1385.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.121
Abstract:
In order to extract the alteration anomaly information with multi-spectral remote sensing data, this paper improves the traditional principal component analysis is improved and the mineral alteration information of Xingcheng region of Liaoning using the method of the feature oriented principal component analysis is extracted, successfully for the alteration anomaly of the limonite (Fe3+), chlorite (Mg-OH group minerals) and kaolinite (Al-OH group minerals) based on the analysis of the characteristic curve of canopy spectral in VNIR-SWIR (visible and near IR-short wave-length IR) band of ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) data about alteration mineral.Field practice and geological data of research area indicate that the method above can effectively extract the alteration information and identify the mainly mineral of research area, which can provide a certain basis for the metallogenic prediction.
In order to extract the alteration anomaly information with multi-spectral remote sensing data, this paper improves the traditional principal component analysis is improved and the mineral alteration information of Xingcheng region of Liaoning using the method of the feature oriented principal component analysis is extracted, successfully for the alteration anomaly of the limonite (Fe3+), chlorite (Mg-OH group minerals) and kaolinite (Al-OH group minerals) based on the analysis of the characteristic curve of canopy spectral in VNIR-SWIR (visible and near IR-short wave-length IR) band of ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) data about alteration mineral.Field practice and geological data of research area indicate that the method above can effectively extract the alteration information and identify the mainly mineral of research area, which can provide a certain basis for the metallogenic prediction.
2015, 40(8): 1386-1390, 1440.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.122
Abstract:
Dexing mine is significant in China, but its resources is endangered with exhaustion, which means it is important to tap the alternative mines. A prediction equation is established in this study by deriving the absorption position of the spectrum in the measured soil data by continuum removal and analyzing the reflectivity of these positions responding to specific clay minerals, using the three clay mineral contents as the dependent variables. It is found that kaolinite retrival correlation coefficient R is 0.811, fitting coefficient R2 is 0.658, F is 5.275, Sig is 0.047 7 < 0.05; chlorite retrival correlation coefficient R is 0.893, fitting coefficient R2 is 0.797, F is 1.602, Sig is 0.016 6 < 0.05; ilitte retrival correlation coefficient R is 0.783, fitting coefficient R2 is 0.619, F is 5.57, Sig is 0.075 4 > 0.05. The testing indicates the independent variable well correlated to the dependent variable, and the inversion accuracy is high. The results indicate that the ensemble content of kaolinite is higher and distributed more widely, compared with chlorite and illite. Overall, the contents of three clay minerals at tailings dam, Ⅱ tailings dam, Ⅳ tailings dam and copper mine are relatively low. The clay mineral accumulated to pyrite, chalcopyrite and hematite by geochemical changes. The resources prediction area is selected, which have high clay minerals and activity geological structure, located on the northeast of IV tailings dam.
Dexing mine is significant in China, but its resources is endangered with exhaustion, which means it is important to tap the alternative mines. A prediction equation is established in this study by deriving the absorption position of the spectrum in the measured soil data by continuum removal and analyzing the reflectivity of these positions responding to specific clay minerals, using the three clay mineral contents as the dependent variables. It is found that kaolinite retrival correlation coefficient R is 0.811, fitting coefficient R2 is 0.658, F is 5.275, Sig is 0.047 7 < 0.05; chlorite retrival correlation coefficient R is 0.893, fitting coefficient R2 is 0.797, F is 1.602, Sig is 0.016 6 < 0.05; ilitte retrival correlation coefficient R is 0.783, fitting coefficient R2 is 0.619, F is 5.57, Sig is 0.075 4 > 0.05. The testing indicates the independent variable well correlated to the dependent variable, and the inversion accuracy is high. The results indicate that the ensemble content of kaolinite is higher and distributed more widely, compared with chlorite and illite. Overall, the contents of three clay minerals at tailings dam, Ⅱ tailings dam, Ⅳ tailings dam and copper mine are relatively low. The clay mineral accumulated to pyrite, chalcopyrite and hematite by geochemical changes. The resources prediction area is selected, which have high clay minerals and activity geological structure, located on the northeast of IV tailings dam.
2015, 40(8): 1391-1395.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.123
Abstract:
In order to reduce the incorrect alteration information extraction caused by the different reflectance values in the different lithologies, this paper explores alteration minerals information extraction by using ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) data, and taking Mongolia Changte'aobao region of Inner Mongolia as the study area. The alteration information has been extracted by segmenting the different lithologies firstly, and conducting the principal component analysis and threshold segmentation methods. It is found that there are 12 limonitization information verification points, of which 6 points match the information extracted directly without segmenting and 8 points match after segmenting; In addition, there are 5 Chloritization information verification points, of which 2 match directly and 4 after segmenting respectively. The results show that the reflectivity of different lithologies is different, resulting in extracting extra information in the high value background region and weak information submerged by noise in the area of low background values, and this method can effectively reduce the reflectance differences in different lithologies.
In order to reduce the incorrect alteration information extraction caused by the different reflectance values in the different lithologies, this paper explores alteration minerals information extraction by using ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) data, and taking Mongolia Changte'aobao region of Inner Mongolia as the study area. The alteration information has been extracted by segmenting the different lithologies firstly, and conducting the principal component analysis and threshold segmentation methods. It is found that there are 12 limonitization information verification points, of which 6 points match the information extracted directly without segmenting and 8 points match after segmenting; In addition, there are 5 Chloritization information verification points, of which 2 match directly and 4 after segmenting respectively. The results show that the reflectivity of different lithologies is different, resulting in extracting extra information in the high value background region and weak information submerged by noise in the area of low background values, and this method can effectively reduce the reflectance differences in different lithologies.
2015, 40(8): 1396-1402.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.124
Abstract:
Silicic alteration, an important alteration type among mineral rock alteration, has close relationship with the formation of several gold mines and it has often been treated as symbol for geological prospecting in the field. This paper proposes a method for the silicification information extraction through analyzing the ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) TIR spectral characteristics of silicification alteration minerals and selecting the content of SiO2 as an accessory factor based on the relationship between silicification and the content of SiO2. The method was applied in northern erlianhot city of Inner Mongolia and the silicification information of study area was extracted. By the field survey, 33 of the 39 silicification sampling sites have been verified, with an accuracy of 86.14%.
Silicic alteration, an important alteration type among mineral rock alteration, has close relationship with the formation of several gold mines and it has often been treated as symbol for geological prospecting in the field. This paper proposes a method for the silicification information extraction through analyzing the ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) TIR spectral characteristics of silicification alteration minerals and selecting the content of SiO2 as an accessory factor based on the relationship between silicification and the content of SiO2. The method was applied in northern erlianhot city of Inner Mongolia and the silicification information of study area was extracted. By the field survey, 33 of the 39 silicification sampling sites have been verified, with an accuracy of 86.14%.
2015, 40(8): 1403-1408.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.125
Abstract:
It is the top priority for rock mapping in the vegetation coverage area to eliminate the vegetation interference effect since the growth of vegetation limits the application of remote sensing in geology. Taking Dong Ujimqin Banner of Inner Mongolia as the study area, this paper compares vegetation inhibition method and maximum likelihood method in lithologic classification. Firstly, ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) data are chosen for vegetation index calculation with the soil factor and the vegetation index without the soil factor for principal component analysis respectively in the study area. Then, the principal component which shows the vegetation information is suppressed for lithologic classification. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted and the lithology classification performance of the two methods is evaluated. It is found that the overall classification precision of the vegetation inhibition method reaches 82.946 8%, while that of the maximum likelihood classification reaches 76.364 3%. It shows that it is feasible to use the vegetation index to suppress the vegetation information in the vegetation coverage area. Compared with the conventional classification method of maximum likelihood method, the vegetation inhibition method greatly improves the accuracy of interpretation.
It is the top priority for rock mapping in the vegetation coverage area to eliminate the vegetation interference effect since the growth of vegetation limits the application of remote sensing in geology. Taking Dong Ujimqin Banner of Inner Mongolia as the study area, this paper compares vegetation inhibition method and maximum likelihood method in lithologic classification. Firstly, ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) data are chosen for vegetation index calculation with the soil factor and the vegetation index without the soil factor for principal component analysis respectively in the study area. Then, the principal component which shows the vegetation information is suppressed for lithologic classification. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted and the lithology classification performance of the two methods is evaluated. It is found that the overall classification precision of the vegetation inhibition method reaches 82.946 8%, while that of the maximum likelihood classification reaches 76.364 3%. It shows that it is feasible to use the vegetation index to suppress the vegetation information in the vegetation coverage area. Compared with the conventional classification method of maximum likelihood method, the vegetation inhibition method greatly improves the accuracy of interpretation.
2015, 40(8): 1409-1414.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.126
Abstract:
The uranium resources of salt lake is positively correlated to the salinity, and the salinity of salt lake is an important factor to evaluate whether it contains rich uranium resources. This paper takes the Gasikule salt lake with uranium resources in Qaidam as the study area, exploring the remote sensing estimation of salinity based on SPOT5 data with high resolution, in order to to identify the salinity fast and precisely. The spectrum of lake water with different salinity are acquired and the spectra feature is studied, and the multi-dimensional salinity indexes of SPOT5 data are constructed. What's more, the paper extracted the salinity information of salt lake by the method of ratio and principal components analysis (PCA), and discovered the high salinity circular abnormal phenomenon in the east of lake, and identified the location of salinity abnormal hiding in the salt lake. The results provide the important basis to identify the location of rich uranium resources in salt lake.
The uranium resources of salt lake is positively correlated to the salinity, and the salinity of salt lake is an important factor to evaluate whether it contains rich uranium resources. This paper takes the Gasikule salt lake with uranium resources in Qaidam as the study area, exploring the remote sensing estimation of salinity based on SPOT5 data with high resolution, in order to to identify the salinity fast and precisely. The spectrum of lake water with different salinity are acquired and the spectra feature is studied, and the multi-dimensional salinity indexes of SPOT5 data are constructed. What's more, the paper extracted the salinity information of salt lake by the method of ratio and principal components analysis (PCA), and discovered the high salinity circular abnormal phenomenon in the east of lake, and identified the location of salinity abnormal hiding in the salt lake. The results provide the important basis to identify the location of rich uranium resources in salt lake.
2015, 40(8): 1415-1419.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.127
Abstract:
In order to solve the problem of interference factors of the rock radiated in traditional lithologic classification with the phenomenon of the different spectra for the same substance and the same spectrum for different substances, and the low lithologic classification accuracy, A study based on the in-depth analysis of spectrum characteristics of mineral rock, taking monzonitic granite, quartz-syenite and syenite of West Kunlun metallogentic belt as the research object is presented in the paper. We set up two spectral index RI and SI on the basis of measured spectral data of three kinds of lithology and the characteristics of ASTER imaging data. Two spectral index methods are used to classify ASTER remote sensing data, and the results show that the accuracy in monzonitic granite extraction with RI and SI spectral index method is above 70%, about 80% in quartz-syenite extraction. The precision of the two kinds of lithology has been significantly increased compared with the classification results of maximum likelihood method.
In order to solve the problem of interference factors of the rock radiated in traditional lithologic classification with the phenomenon of the different spectra for the same substance and the same spectrum for different substances, and the low lithologic classification accuracy, A study based on the in-depth analysis of spectrum characteristics of mineral rock, taking monzonitic granite, quartz-syenite and syenite of West Kunlun metallogentic belt as the research object is presented in the paper. We set up two spectral index RI and SI on the basis of measured spectral data of three kinds of lithology and the characteristics of ASTER imaging data. Two spectral index methods are used to classify ASTER remote sensing data, and the results show that the accuracy in monzonitic granite extraction with RI and SI spectral index method is above 70%, about 80% in quartz-syenite extraction. The precision of the two kinds of lithology has been significantly increased compared with the classification results of maximum likelihood method.
2015, 40(8): 1420-1426.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.128
Abstract:
It is an issue to be addressed as how to efficiently store and manage massive data that in high resolution and high spectral remote sensing images, and achieve rapid processing, retrieval and visualization of remote sensing data is the problem to be solved. Using non-relational database technology, we designed massive image storage model consists of remote sensing metadata database, image database and image pyramid; set up the remote sensing image storage middleware that consists of the hardware support layer, data layer, data service layer, and application layer. Experiment verifies the remote sensing image data storage model and middleware that based on non-relational database is superior to relational database for video data read and write. Research results prove have great practical value for efficiently storage and management of massive remote sensing image data.
It is an issue to be addressed as how to efficiently store and manage massive data that in high resolution and high spectral remote sensing images, and achieve rapid processing, retrieval and visualization of remote sensing data is the problem to be solved. Using non-relational database technology, we designed massive image storage model consists of remote sensing metadata database, image database and image pyramid; set up the remote sensing image storage middleware that consists of the hardware support layer, data layer, data service layer, and application layer. Experiment verifies the remote sensing image data storage model and middleware that based on non-relational database is superior to relational database for video data read and write. Research results prove have great practical value for efficiently storage and management of massive remote sensing image data.
2015, 40(8): 1427-1431.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.129
Abstract:
Due to the location of sensor, the altitude intercept of ground and sensor can't be ignored. In addition, the atmospheric radiation energy contribution also can't be get rid of since the energy which the sensor gets is not all from the terrain reflection. That is the reason why ground measured data is smooth and continuous curve, while the on-board data is discrete line. The coupling calculation of radiative process and spectral response function is realized based on MODTRAN (moderate resolution atmosphere transmittance and radiance code) in this paper, starting from the ground measured spectral data of Monnogranite, quartz syenite, syenite and quartz diorite and the atmospheric and geometric conditions then completes the ASTER (advanced spaceborne theemal emission and reflection radiometer) channel on-board spectrum simulation process, and which establishes the contact of ground spectrum and on-board one, and proves the necessity of the coupling process of atmospheric impact and process of receiving the ground reflection energy of the sensor, which offers support for the formation of multispectral image.
Due to the location of sensor, the altitude intercept of ground and sensor can't be ignored. In addition, the atmospheric radiation energy contribution also can't be get rid of since the energy which the sensor gets is not all from the terrain reflection. That is the reason why ground measured data is smooth and continuous curve, while the on-board data is discrete line. The coupling calculation of radiative process and spectral response function is realized based on MODTRAN (moderate resolution atmosphere transmittance and radiance code) in this paper, starting from the ground measured spectral data of Monnogranite, quartz syenite, syenite and quartz diorite and the atmospheric and geometric conditions then completes the ASTER (advanced spaceborne theemal emission and reflection radiometer) channel on-board spectrum simulation process, and which establishes the contact of ground spectrum and on-board one, and proves the necessity of the coupling process of atmospheric impact and process of receiving the ground reflection energy of the sensor, which offers support for the formation of multispectral image.
2015, 40(8): 1432-1440.
doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.130
Abstract:
Influenced by the atmospheric environment and other factors, the mineral recognition with hyperspectral remote sensing is difficult to achieve a high accuracy. To improve the accuracy of the mineral identification with such technology, a hyperspectral mineral recognition method based on spectral characteristic parameter combination, which can maintain relatively stable characteristics with the atmospheric changes, is proposed in this paper. Various spectral characteristic parameters are calculated, and the optimal combination of the parameters is selected through the optimum index factor (OIF), based on which, mineral identification is realized with pattern recognition method. Based on the above method, mineral type identification test is carried out in Cuprite mine of Nevada, with airborne visible infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS) hyperspectral data. The results are compared with the work of previous mineral mapping, it shows that the combination of the spectral characteristic parameters, P-A-S2 (P is absorption wave trough position, A is absorption area, S2 is absorption right shoulder position) can get the highest identification precision, the overall accuracy can reach 74.68%.
Influenced by the atmospheric environment and other factors, the mineral recognition with hyperspectral remote sensing is difficult to achieve a high accuracy. To improve the accuracy of the mineral identification with such technology, a hyperspectral mineral recognition method based on spectral characteristic parameter combination, which can maintain relatively stable characteristics with the atmospheric changes, is proposed in this paper. Various spectral characteristic parameters are calculated, and the optimal combination of the parameters is selected through the optimum index factor (OIF), based on which, mineral identification is realized with pattern recognition method. Based on the above method, mineral type identification test is carried out in Cuprite mine of Nevada, with airborne visible infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS) hyperspectral data. The results are compared with the work of previous mineral mapping, it shows that the combination of the spectral characteristic parameters, P-A-S2 (P is absorption wave trough position, A is absorption area, S2 is absorption right shoulder position) can get the highest identification precision, the overall accuracy can reach 74.68%.
