浙江天台中新统润楠属化石及其古环境指示

丁素婷; 孙柏年; 吴靖宇; 李相传

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2012.004

Volume 37 Issue 1

Jan. 2012

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Earth Science > 2012 > 37(1): 35-46

DING Su-ting, SUN Bai-nian, WU Jing-yu, LI Xiang-chuan, 2012. Machilus Fossil from Miocene in Tiantai, Zhejiang Province, China, and Its Paleoenvironmental Implications. Earth Science, 37(1): 35-46. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.004

Citation:

DING Su-ting, SUN Bai-nian, WU Jing-yu, LI Xiang-chuan, 2012. Machilus Fossil from Miocene in Tiantai, Zhejiang Province, China, and Its Paleoenvironmental Implications. Earth Science, 37(1): 35-46. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.004

Citation:

PDF( 3196 KB)

Machilus Fossil from Miocene in Tiantai, Zhejiang Province, China, and Its Paleoenvironmental Implications

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.004

DING Su-ting^{1, 2
,},
SUN Bai-nian^{1, 2
,
,},
WU Jing-yu^{1, 2},
LI Xiang-chuan¹

1.
Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China

Received Date: 2011-07-26
Publish Date: 2012-01-15

Abstract

Abstract

Six fossil leaves with fine venation and well-preserved cuticles of Machilus tiantaiensis Ding S. T. et Sun B. N. sp. nov. (Lauraceae) were discovered from the Late Miocene Xiananshan Formation of Tiantai County, eastern Zhejiang Province, China. The fossils were characterized by elliptic shape with entire margin, acuminate apex, cuneate base and pinnate venation; the anticlinal walls of epidermal cells are undulated, the unicellular trichome bases are mostly found on the veins; leaves hypostomatic, stomata paracytic with two embedded guard cells and one or two subsidiary cells. The leaf cuticular and architectural features of these fossil leaves suggest the affinity within the genus Machilus. The quantitative traits of leaf morphology were studied here, and a free data analysis package (palaeontological statistics) is utilized for cluster analysis. The leaf morphologic and cuticular features show that the fossil is similar to the modern leaves of M. pingii mostly. The paleoatmospheric CO₂ concentration is estimated through the stomatal ratio between the fossil species and the extant M. pingii Cheng ex Yang (nearest living relative of the fossil species), and the result shows that the level of atmospheric CO₂ in the Late Miocene of Tiantai is about 407.9×10^-6. The modern trees of Machilus are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of South and Southeast Asia, which indicates that the Miocene climate of eastern China was warm and humid.
- Machilus,
- cuticle,
- cluster analysis,
- plant fossils,
- paleoenvironment,
- Miocene,
- climate change

FullText(HTML)

References(83)

References

Bandulska, H., 1926. On the cuticles of some fossil and recent lauraceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 47: 383-425. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1926.tb00517.x

Barclay, R., McElwain, J., Dilcher, D., et al., 2007. The cuticle database: developing an interactive tool for taxonomic and paleoenvironmental study of the fossil cuticle record. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 258: 39-55. http://www.springerlink.com/content/w4765w6817k0t852

Beerling, D.J., Berner, R.A., 2005. Feedbacks and the coevolution of plants and atmospheric CO₂. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(5): 1302-1305. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0408724102

Beerling, D.J., Lomax, B.H., Royer, D.L., et al., 2002. An atmospheric p_CO₂ reconstruction across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary from leaf megafossils. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(12): 7836-7840. doi: 10.1073/pnas.122573099

Carpenter, R.J., Jordan, G.J., Hill, R.S., 2007. A toothed lauraceae leaf from the Early Eocene of Tasmania, Australia. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168(8): 1191-1198. doi: 10.1086/520721

Christophel, D.C., Kerrigan, R., Rowett, A.I., 1996. The use of cuticular features in the taxonomy of the lauraceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 83(3): 419-432. doi: 10.2307/2399871

Christophel, D.C., Rowett, A.I., 1996. Leaf and cuticle atlas of Australian leafy lauraceae. Australian Biological Resources Study, Flora of Australia supplementary series 6, Canberra. http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/19970607928.html

Dilcher, D.L., 1974. Approaches to the identification of angiosperm leaf remains. The Botanical Review, 40(1): 1-157. doi: 10.1007/BF02860067

Ding, C.S., 1992. Lauraceae. In: Wang, J.X., ed., Flora of Zhejiang, Vol. 2. Zhejiang Science and Technology Publishing House, Hangzhou, 355-361 (in Chinese).

Drinnan, A.N., Crane, P.R., Friis, E.M., et al., 1990. Lauraceous flowers from the Potomac Group (Mid-Cretaceous) of eastern North America. Botanical Gazette, 151(3): 370-384. doi: 0006-8071/90/5103-0009

Edwards, H.H., 1990. The stomatal complex of Persea borbonia. Canadian Journal of Botany, 68(12): 2543-2547. doi: 10.1139/b90-320

Eklund, H., Kva ek, J., 1998. Lauraceous inflorescences and flowers from the Cenomanian of Bohemia (Czech Republic, central Europe). International Journal of Plant Sciences, 159(4): 668-686. doi: 1058-5893/98/5904-0016

Faggetter, C.D., 1987. Leaf cuticles (phytoglyphs) of selected Lauraceae. In: Metcalfe, C.R., ed., Anatomy of the dicotyledons, 2nd ed., Vol. Ⅲ. Magnoliales, Illiciales, and Laurales. Claredon Press, Oxford, 157-160.

Frumin, S., Eklund, H., Friis, E.M., 2004. Mauldinia hirsuta sp. nov., a new member of the extinct genus Mauldinia (Lauraceae) from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Kazakhstan. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 165(5): 883-895. doi: 1058-5893/2004/16505-0019

Hammer, O., Harper, D.A.T., Ryan, P.D., 2009. PAST-palaeontological statistics. Version 1.88, 1-89.

Hetherington, A.M., Woodward, F.I., 2003. The role of stomata in sensing and driving environmental change. Nature, 424: 901-908. doi: 10.1038/nature01843

Hill, R.S., 1986. Lauraceous leaves from the Eocene of Nerriga, New South Wales. Alcheringa, 10: 327-351. doi: 10.1080/03115518608619144

Ho, K.S., Chen, J.C., Lo, C.H., et al., 2003. ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar dating and geochemical characteristics of Late Cenozoic basaltic rocks from the Zhejiang-Fujian region, SE China: eruption ages, magma evolution and petrogenesis. Chemical Geology, 197: 287-318. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00399-6

Hu, Y.Q., Ferguson, D.K., Li, C.S., et al., 2007. Alseodaphne (Lauraceae) from the Pliocene of China and its paleolimatic significance. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 146: 277-285. doi: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.06.002

Huzioka, K., Takahasi, E., 1970. The Eocene flora of the Ube coal-field, Southwest Honshu, Japan. Journal of the Mining College, Akita University (Ser. A), 4: 1-88. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/284340117_The_Eocene_flora_of_the_Ube_coal-field_southwest_Honshu_Japan

Ina, H., 2004. Plants from the Middle Miocene Shukunohora sandstone facies of the Mizunami group, Mizunami city, Gifu prefecture, Central Japan. Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum, 31: 73-76 (in Japanese with an English abstract).

Jia, H., Sun, B.N., Li, X.C., et al., 2009. Microstructures of one species of Quercus from the Neogene in eastern Zhejiang and its palaeoenvironmental indication. Earth Science Frontiers, 16(5): 79-90 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-DXQY200905011.htm

Kerp, H., 1990. The study of fossil gymnosperms by means of cuticular analysis. Palaios, 5(6): 548-569. doi: 10.2307/3514861

Kerp, H., 2002. Atmospheric CO₂ from fossil plant cuticles. Nature, 415: 38. doi: 10.1038/415038b

Kürschner, W.M., Van der Burgh, J., Visscher, H., et al., 1996. Oak leaves as biosensors of Late Neogene and Early Pleistocene paleoatmospheric CO₂ concentrations. Marine Micropaleontology, 27: 299-312. doi: 10.1016/0377-8398(95)00067-4

Kürschner, W.M., 1997. The anatomical diversity of recent and fossil leaves of the durmast oak (Quercus petraea Lieblein/Q. pseudocastanea Goeppert): implications for their use as biosensors of palaeoatmospheric CO₂ levels. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 96: 1-30. doi: 10.1016/S0034-6667(96)00051-6

Kürschner, W.M., Kva ek, Z., Dilcher, D.L., 2008. The impact of Miocene atmospheric carbon dioxide fluctuations on climate and the evolution of terrestrial ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(2): 449-453. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708588105

Kürschner, W.M., Wagner, F., Visscher, E.H., et al., 1997. Predicting the response of leaf stomatal frequency to a future CO₂-enriched atmosphere: constraints from historical observations. Geologische Rundschau, 86(2): 512-517. doi: 10.1007/s005310050158

Lakhanpal, R.N., 1958. The Rujada Flora of West Central oregon. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 35(1): 1-66. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/284993617_The_Rujada_flora_of_west_central_Oregon

LAWG (leaf architecture working group), 1999. Manual of leaf architecture: morphological description and categorization of dicotyledonous and net-veined monocotyledonous angiosperms. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., 1-65. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/270216765_Manual_of_Leaf_Architecture_-_Morphological_description_and_categorization_of_dicotyledonous_and_net-veined_monocotyledonous_angiosperms

Li, S.G., 1982. Machilus Nees. In: Li, X.W., ed., Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese).

Li, H.M., 1984. Neogene floras from eastern Zhejiang, China. In: Whyte, R.O., ed., The evolution of the East Asian environment, Vol. Ⅱ. Palaeobotany, palaeozoology and palaeoanthropology, centre of Asian studies. University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 461-466.

Li, J.Z., Qiu, J., Liao, W.B., et al., 2009. Eocene fossil Alseodaphne from Hainan Island of China and its paleoclimatic implications. Science in China (Ser. D), 52(10): 1537-1542. doi: 10.1007/s11430-009-0120-1

Li, J., Christophel, D.C., 2000. Systematic relationships within the Litsea complex (lauraceae): a cladistic analysis based on morphological and leaf cuticle data. Australian Systematic Botany, 13: 1-13. doi: 10.1071/SB98015

Li, J., Li, X.W., 2004. Advances in lauraceae systematic research on the world scale. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 26 (1): 1-11 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://europepmc.org/abstract/CBA/358677

Lin, X.Z., 2007a. Quantitative classification of plants of machilus in Zhejiang Province. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 43(11): 151-156 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-LYKE200711026.htm

Lin, X.Z., 2007b. The systematical studies on species from genus Machilus in Zhejiang Province. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese).

Little, S.A., Stockey, R.A., Penner, B., 2009. Anatomy and development of fruits of lauraceae from the Middle Eocene Princeton. American Journal of Botany, 96(3): 637-651. doi: 10.3732/ajb.0800318

Liu, R.X., Chen, W.J., Sun, J.Z., et al., 1992. The K-Ar age and tectonic environment of Cenozoic rock in China. In: Liu, R.X., ed., The age and geochemistry of Cenozoic volcanic rock in China. Seismic Press, Beijing, 1- 43 (in Chinese).

Liu, Y.S., 1990. Cuticular studies on two Pleistocene species of lauraceae in Baise basin, Guangxi. Acta Botanica Sinica, 32(10): 805-808 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/19910649862.html

Liu, Y.S., 1993. A palaeoclimatic analysis on Early Pleistocene flora of Changsheling Formation, Baise basin, Guangxi. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 32: 151173 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-GSWX199302003.htm

Liu, Y.S., Zetter, R., Ferguson, D.K., et al., 2007. Discriminating fossil evergreen and deciduous Quercus pollen: a case study from the Miocene of eastern China. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 145: 289-303. doi: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2006.12.001

Liu, Y.S., Zetter, R., Ferguson, D.K., et al., 2008. Lagerstroemia (lythraceae) pollen from the Miocene of eastern China. Grana, 47(4): 262-271. doi: 10.1080/00173130802457255

McElwain, J.C., 1998. Do fossil plants signal palaeoatmospheric carbon dioxide concentration in the geological past?Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-series B, 353(1365): 83-96. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1998.0193

McElwain, J.C., Chaloner, W.G., 1996. The fossil cuticle as a skeletal record of environmental change. Palaios, 11(4): 376-388. doi: 10.2307/3515247

Nanjing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1982. Paleontological Atlas of East China, Vol. 3., Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese).

Osborne, C.P., Beerling, D.J., Lomax, B.H., et al., 2004. Biophysical constraints on the origin of leaves inferred from the fossil record. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(28): 10360-10362. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0402787101

Pole, M., 2007. Lauraceae macrofossil and dispersed cuticle from the Miocene of southern New Zealand. Palaeontologia Electronica, 10(1): 1-10. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/43474496_Lauraceae_Macrofossils_and_Dispersed_Cuticle_from_the_Miocene_of_Southern_New_Zealand

Royer, D.L., Wing, S.L., Beerling, D.J., et al., 2001. Paleobotanical evidence for near present-day levels of atmospheric CO₂ during part of the Tertiary. Science, 292(5525): 2310-2313. doi: 10.1126/science.292.5525.2310

Salisbury, E.J., 1927. On the causes and ecological significance of stomatal frequency, with special reference to the Woodland flora. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-series B, 216: 1-65. http://www.onacademic.com/detail/journal_1000036014533910_1603.html

Sun, Q.G., Song, S.Y., Wang, Y.F., et al., 1997. Introduction to terminology of classification of dicotyledonous leaf architecture. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, 35(3): 275-288 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://europepmc.org/abstract/CBA/304684

Uemura, K., 2005. Ⅳ. Fossil of Plant. In: Kasumi Education Committee, ed., The investigation report of footprint fossils from Kasumi. Kasumi, 67-77 (in Japanese).

Upchurch, G.R., Dilcher, D.L., 1990. Cenomanian angiosperm leaf megafossils, Dakota Formation, Rose Creek locality, Jefferson County, southeastern Nebraska. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1915: 1-55. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/36442572_Cenomanian_Angiosperm_Leaf_Megafossils_Dakota_Formation_Rose_Creek_Locality_Jefferson_County_Southeastern_Nebraska

Upchurch, G.R., 1995. Dispersed angiosperm cuticles: their history, preparation, and application to the rise of angiosperms in Cretaceous and Paleocene coals, southern western interior of North America. International journal of coal geology, 28: 161-227. doi: 10.1016/0166-5162(95)00018-6.

Van der Burgh, J., Visscher, H., Dilcher, D.L., et al., 1993. Paleoatmospheric signatures in Neogene fossil leaves. Science, 260(5115): 1788-1790. doi: 10.1126/science.260.5115.1788

Wilkinson, H.P., 1979. The plant surface (mainly leaf). In: Metcalf, C.R., Chalk, L., eds., Anatomy of the dicotyledons. I. Clarendon Press, Oxford 2nd ed., 97-165.

Wolfe, J.A., 1977. Paleogene floras from the Gulf of Alaska region. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 997: 1-108. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/285426059_Paleogene_floras_from_the_Gulf_of_Alaska_Region

Woodward, F.I., 1987. Stomatal numbers are sensitive to increases in CO₂ from pre-industrial levels. Nature, 327: 617-618. doi: 10.1038/327617a0

Writing Group of Cenozoic Plants of China, 1978. Fossil Plants of China, Vol. 3: Cenozoic plants from China. Science Press, Beijing, 24 (in Chinese).

Wu, J.Y., Sun, B.N., Xie, S.P., et al., 2008. Two Neogene machilus (lauraceae) fossils leaves from Tengchong, Yunnan Province and its paleoenvironmental significance. Geological Journal of China Universities, 14(1): 90-98 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/285786310_Two_Neogene_Machilus_Lauraceae_fossil_leaves_from_Tengchong_Yunnan_Province_and_its_paleoenvironmental_significance

Xia, K., Su, T., Liu, Y.S., et al., 2009. Quantitative climate reconstructions of the Late Miocene Xiaolongtan megaflora from Yunnan, Southwest China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 276: 80-86. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.02.024

Xu, Y.D., Yu, J.X., Luo, G.M., et al., 2007. Triassic palynological assemblage of the Gulangdi Formation in Tongren County, Qinghai Province, China. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 32(5): 638-650 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/286919446_Triassic_palynological_assemblage_of_the_Gulangdi_formation_in_Tongren_County_Qinghai_Province_China

Yabe, A., 2008. Early Miocene terrestrial climate inferred from plant megafossil assemblages of the Joban and Soma areas, Northeast Honshu, Japan. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan, 59(7/8): 397-413. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/271106331_Early_Miocene_terrestrial_climate_inferred_from_plant_megafossil_assemblages_of_the_Joban_and_Soma_areas_Northeast_Honshu_Japan

Yin, J.R., Cui, Z.J., Ge, D.K., et al., 1996. Paleoecological analysis of quateranry fossil assemblages from Kunlun pass area, and geological significance for Kunlun Mountains rising. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 21(3): 241-248 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX603.001.htm

Zhou, Z.K., 2000. On the Miocene Xiaolongtan flora from Kaiyuan, Yunnan Province. In: Tao, J.R., ed., The evolution of the Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic floras in China. Science Press, Beijing, 64-72 (in Chinese).

Zhuang, X.Y., Zhang, Y., Sun, T.X., 2002. Leaf epidermis and their taxonomic significance in Machilus of Hong Kong. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 23(1): 52-54 (in Chinese with an English abstract). http://europepmc.org/abstract/CBA/367907

地质矿产部南京地质矿产研究所, 1982. 华东地区古生物图册(三), 中、新生代分册. 北京: 地质出版社.

丁陈森, 1992. 樟科. 见: 王景祥, 主编. 浙江植物志, 第2卷. 杭州: 浙江科学技术出版社, 355-361.

贾慧, 孙柏年, 李相传, 等, 2009. 浙东新近纪一种栎属植物化石微细特征及其古环境指示. 地学前缘, 16(5): 79-90. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2009.05.008

李捷, 李锡文, 2004. 世界樟科植物系统学研究进展. 云南植物研究, 26(1): 1-11. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0845.2004.01.001

李树刚, 1982. 润楠属. 见: 李锡文主编, 中国植物志. 北京: 科学出版社.

林夏珍, 2007a. 浙江润楠属植物的数量分类. 林业科学, 43(11): 151-156. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LYKE200711026.htm

林夏珍, 2007b. 浙江省润楠属植物系统研究. 北京: 中国林业出版社.

刘若新, 陈文寄, 孙建中, 等, 1992. 中国新生代火山岩的K-Ar年代与构造环境. 见: 刘若新编. 中国新生代火山岩年代学与地球化学. 北京: 地震出版社, 1-43.

刘裕生, 1990. 广西百色盆地更新世樟科两种植物角质层研究. 植物学报, 32(10): 805-808. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZWXB199010012.htm

刘裕生, 1993. 广西百色盆地早更新世长蛇岭组植物群的古气候分析. 古生物学报, 32(2): 151-173. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GSWX199302003.htm

孙启高, 宋书银, 王宇飞, 等, 1997. 介绍双子叶植物叶结构分类术语. 植物分类学报, 35(3): 275-288. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZWFX199703014.htm

吴靖宇, 孙柏年, 解三平, 等, 2008. 云南腾冲新近系樟科润楠属两种植物化石及其古环境意义. 高校地质学报, 14(1): 90-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7493.2008.01.010

徐亚东, 喻建新, 罗根明, 等, 2007. 青海省同仁县古浪堤中上三叠统古浪堤组孢粉组合及其地层意义. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 32(5): 638-650. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200705009.htm

阴家润, 崔之久, 葛道凯, 等, 1996. 昆仑山口第四纪化石组合的生态环境分析及其对昆仑山隆升的意义. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 21(3): 243-248. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX603.001.htm

中国科学院北京植物研究所中国新生代植物编写组, 1978. 中国各门类化石中国植物化石第三册, 中国新生代植物. 北京: 科学出版社, 24.

周浙昆, 2000. 云南开远小龙潭中新世植物. 见: 陶君容编. 中国晚白垩世至新生代植物区系发展演变. 北京: 科学出版社, 64-72.

庄雪影, 张粤, 孙同兴, 2002. 香港润楠属植物叶表皮形态及分类学意义. 华南农业大学学报, 23(1): 52-54. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNNB200201014.htm

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Figures(5) / Tables(4)

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article views (3644) PDF downloads(88)

Machilus Fossil from Miocene in Tiantai, Zhejiang Province, China, and Its Paleoenvironmental Implications

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.004

Abstract

References

Proportional views

Catalog

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Proportional views

Export File

Citation

Format

Content