Energy Transfer Mechanism during Movement and Accumulation of Rockslide Avalanche

Rockslide avalanches usually cause catastrophic accidents. Quantitative study on the movement process of rockslide avalanches is of great significance to the study on the mechanism of landslide occurrence and the prediction of disaster scope. Based on the indoor physical model test, the PIV technique was used to analyze the photographs taken by the high-speed camera during the experiment, and the motion parameters such as the horizontal velocity, vertical velocity and displacement of the sliding particles were obtained. The evolution of rockslide avalanche motion was analyzed from angles of the whole landslide and single particles. The results show follows:(1) the front position of landslide shows high speed spot. The spot keeps high speed though the landslide is ending. (2) From the view of single particles, the front particle is the largest one in displacement and most frequent in velocity fluctuation. The front particles own high collision frequency and their energy gains multiple supplements. The displacement of the middle particles ranks the second place. The velocity of middle particles is fluctuating, but less frequent than those of front. The displacement of the rear particles is the smallest. The velocity and energy generally decrease constantly. It is concluded that there are collision and energy transmission between the sliding particles in the process of rockslide avalanches, combined with the facts found in Jiweishan and Black Rapids Glacier rockslide avalanches. The formation mechanism of rockslide avalanche is also discussed in depth, which is of practical significance to the disaster monitoring, prevention, and control.