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    Volume 49 Issue 2
    Feb.  2024
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    Ji Haomin, Ren Zhikun, Liu Jinrui, 2024. Review of Structural Deformation in the Upper Crust of the Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau since the Late Cenozoic. Earth Science, 49(2): 480-499. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2023.160
    Citation: Ji Haomin, Ren Zhikun, Liu Jinrui, 2024. Review of Structural Deformation in the Upper Crust of the Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau since the Late Cenozoic. Earth Science, 49(2): 480-499. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2023.160

    Review of Structural Deformation in the Upper Crust of the Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau since the Late Cenozoic

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2023.160
    • Received Date: 2023-01-15
    • Publish Date: 2024-02-25
    • The southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is an ideal experimental field to test the evolutionary model of the Tibetan Plateau and one of the most seismically active regions in the world. In this paper, we review the decadal and 10, 000⁃year⁃scale slip habits of the major active faults on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and the 100⁃year⁃scale regional seismic activity, combined with the million⁃year time⁃scale chronology studies, we think the internal material of the Tibetan Plateau gradually flowed out to the east and was blocked by the Sichuan Basin, turning to the southeastern margin area for clockwise rotational movement since the middle and late Miocene. In the Late Quaternary, the upper crustal deformation in the southeastern margin has changed from being concentrated in large strike⁃slip boundary faults and thrust fold belts to being diffusely distributed to secondary faults in the region, forming the kinematic characteristics of clockwise rotation around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis with the Xianshuihe⁃Xiaojiang Fault Zone and the Sagaing Fault Zone as boundaries. Accordingly, the deformation of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau can be divided into two stages. The deformation of the early Miocene period was concentrated in large boundary faults, which conforms to the deformation of rigid blocks, and turned into diffuse continuous deformation in the late Quaternary. Based on the comparison of horizontal slip rate, seismogenic capacity and seismic activity, the active faults on the southeast edge of the Tibetan Plateau can be roughly divided into three levels. The first⁃tier faults are the boundary fault Xianshuihe⁃Xiaojiang fault zone and Sagaing fault zone, with horizontal slip rates ≥10 mm/a, capable of occurring earthquakes of M 8 and above alone, and can continuously generate strong earthquakes of M 7⁃7.9, which are the first⁃tier tectonic frame since the Late Quaternary in the southeastern margin; the second⁃tier faults can control the strongly active tectonic units in the southeast margin, with horizontal slip rates ~3⁃6 mm/a, generally capable of occurring earthquakes of M 7⁃7.9, and can continuously generate earthquakes of M 6⁃6.9; the horizontal slip rate of Level 3 faults is generally ≤2 mm/a, they are only capable to generating earthquakes less to M 7, and are generally smaller in scale but more numerous. In addition, the Late Quaternary deformation characteristics of the Chuandian Block have changed from the original slip movement along the large boundary faults to the rotation, translation and differential uplift of the secondary active blocks around the Xianshuihe⁃Xiaojiang Fault Zone.

       

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