中元古代微生物硅循环促进浅海硅岩沉积

史青; 史晓颖; JiangGanqing; 汤冬杰; 王新强

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2024.144

Volume 50 Issue 3

Mar. 2025

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Earth Science > 2025 > 50(3): 1082-1104

Shi Qing, Shi Xiaoying, Jiang Ganqing, Tang Dongjie, Wang Xinqiang, 2025. Microbial Silicon Cycling Promoted Shallow-Sea Chert Deposition in Mesoproterozoic Ocean. Earth Science, 50(3): 1082-1104. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2024.144

Citation:

Shi Qing, Shi Xiaoying, Jiang Ganqing, Tang Dongjie, Wang Xinqiang, 2025. Microbial Silicon Cycling Promoted Shallow-Sea Chert Deposition in Mesoproterozoic Ocean. Earth Science, 50(3): 1082-1104. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2024.144

Citation:

PDF( 12949 KB)

Microbial Silicon Cycling Promoted Shallow-Sea Chert Deposition in Mesoproterozoic Ocean

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2024.144

Shi Qing^{1, 2
,
,},
Shi Xiaoying^{1, 3, 4
,
,},
Jiang Ganqing⁵,
Tang Dongjie^{1, 2, 4},
Wang Xinqiang^{1, 3}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3.
School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
4.
Frontier Science Center for Deep-Time Digital Earth, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
5.
Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4010, USA

Received Date: 2024-11-23
Available Online: 2025-03-19
Publish Date: 2025-03-25

Abstract

Abstract

To reveal the silicon cycling and potential mechanism of chert deposition in Mesoproterozoic shallow seas, an integrated study of sedimentology, mineralogy, geobiology and geochemistry was conducted on the Wumishan cherts (~1.48 Ga) using multiple techniques. The results show that the cherts are predominated by microquartz (~90%) in composition, with some silica-replaced carbonate (~5%) and minor pyrite (~1%) grains, indicating that the cherts largely originated from primary silica precipitation. High Ge/Si molar ratios (~8.83 μmol/mol) and positive Eu anomalies (~1.41) in the cherts suggest silica largely deriving from seawater (~94%), with a small contribution of thermally derived Si (~6%). Diverse microbial components (e.g., microbial filaments, EPS (extracellular polymeric substances) relics, mat fragments) and picocyanobacterian fossils were closely associated with organominerals, suggesting that microbial activities played important roles in silica precipitation. The Si liberated from degraded EPS and organo-Si complexes locally increased the dissolved Si concentrations and changed the chemical conditions in shallow substrate and pore-waters, promoting silica precipitation. The flourishing picocyanobacteria and certain prokaryotes that can accumulate silica in their cells or EPS may have changed the Si-cycling in Mesoproterozoic ocean, and the biogenic silica released from the microbial biomass may have promoted the silica precipitation in the Mesoproterozoic shallow-sea environments.
- Mesoproterozoic marine silicon cycle,
- biogenic silica,
- microbial silicification,
- seawater dissolved silica concentrations,
- North China Platform,
- sedimentology,
- mineralogy

FullText(HTML)

References(76)

References

Algeo, T. J., Li, C., 2020. Redox Classification and Calibration of Redox Thresholds in Sedimentary Systems. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 287: 8-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2020.01.055

Algeo, T. J., Tribovillard, N., 2009. Environmental Analysis of Paleoceanographic Systems Based on Molybdenum-Uranium Covariation. Chemical Geology, 268(3-4): 211-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.09.001

Alibert, C., Kinsley, L., 2016. Ge/Si in Hamersley BIF as Tracer of Hydrothermal Si and Ge Inputs to the Paleoproterozoic Ocean. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 184: 329-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.03.027

Andrade, C. N., Lapen, T. J., Chafetz, H. S., 2023. Silicon Isotopic Compositions of Dissolved Silicic Acid in Pre- and Post-Diatom Oceans. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 343: 264-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2022.11.021

Baines, S. B., Twining, B. S., Brzezinski, M. A., et al., 2012. Significant Silicon Accumulation by Marine Picocyanobacteria. Nature Geoscience, 5: 886-891. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1641

Benning, L. G., Phoenix, V. R., Yee, N., et al., 2004. Molecular Characterization of Cyanobacterial Silicification Using Synchrotron Infrared Micro-Spectroscopy. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 68(4): 729-741. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7037(03)00489-7

Brzezinski, M. A., Krause, J. W., Baines, S. B., et al., 2017. Patterns and Regulation of Silicon Accumulation in Synechococcus Spp. Journal of Phycology, 53(4): 746-761. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12545

Buick, R., Knoll, A. H., 1999. Acritarchs and Microfossils from the Mesoproterozoic Bangemall Group, Northwestern Australia. Journal of Paleontology, 73(5): 744-764. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000040634

Cermeño, P., Falkowski, P. G., Romero, O. E., et al., 2015. Continental Erosion and the Cenozoic Rise of Marine Diatoms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(14): 4239-4244. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1412883112

Conley, D. J., Frings, P. J., Fontorbe, G., et al., 2017. Biosilicification Drives a Decline of Dissolved Si in the Oceans through Geologic Time. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4: 397. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00397

Cui, Y. X., Lang, X. G., Li, F. B., et al., 2019. Germanium/Silica Ratio and Rare Earth Element Composition of Silica-Filling in Sheet Cracks of the Doushantuo Cap Carbonates, South China: Constraining Hydrothermal Activity during the Marinoan Snowball Earth Glaciation. Precambrian Research, 332: 105407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2019.105407

Delvigne, C., Cardinal, D., Hofmann, A., et al., 2012. Stratigraphic Changes of Ge/Si, REE+Y and Silicon Isotopes as Insights into the Deposition of a Mesoarchaean Banded Iron Formation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 355: 109-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.07.035

Ding, T. P., Gao, J. F., Tian, S. H., et al., 2017. The δ³⁰Si Peak Value Discovered in Middle Proterozoic Chert and Its Implication for Environmental Variations in the Ancient Ocean. Scientific Reports, 7: 44000. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44000

Dong, L., Shen, B., Lee, C. A., et al., 2015. Germanium/Silicon of the Ediacaran-Cambrian Laobao Cherts: Implications for the Bedded Chert Formation and Paleoenvironment Interpretations. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 16(3): 751-763. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GC005595

Egan, K. E., Rickaby, R. E. M., Hendry, K. R., et al., 2013. Opening the Gateways for Diatoms Primes Earth for Antarctic Glaciation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 375: 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.04.030

Escario, S., Nightingale, M., Humez, P., et al., 2020. The Contribution of Aqueous Catechol-Silica Complexes to Silicification during Carbonate Diagenesis. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 280: 185-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2020.04.016

Escoube, R., Rouxel, O. J., Edwards, K., et al., 2015. Coupled Ge/Si and Ge Isotope Ratios as Geochemical Tracers of Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems: Case Studies at Loihi Seamount and East Pacific Rise 9°50'N. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 167: 93-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.06.025

Froelich, P. N., Blanc, V., Mortlock, R. A., et al., 1992. River Fluxes of Dissolved Silica to the Ocean Were Higher during Glacials: Ge/Si in Diatoms, Rivers, and Oceans. Paleoceanography, 7(6): 739-767. https://doi.org/10.1029/92PA02090

Gao, P., He, Z. L., Lash, G. G., et al., 2020. Mixed Seawater and Hydrothermal Sources of Nodular Chert in Middle Permian Limestone on the Eastern Paleo-Tethys Margin (South China). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 551: 109740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109740

Geilert, S., Vroon, P. Z., van Bergen, M. J., 2014. Silicon Isotopes and Trace Elements in Chert Record Early Archean Basin Evolution. Chemical Geology, 386: 133-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.07.027

Gong, J., Myers, K. D., Munoz-Saez, C., et al., 2020. Formation and Preservation of Microbial Palisade Fabric in Silica Deposits from El Tatio, Chile. Astrobiology, 20(4): 500-524. https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2019.2025

Hamade, T., Konhauser, K. O., Raiswell, R., et al., 2003. Using Ge/Si Ratios to Decouple Iron and Silica Fluxes in Precambrian Banded Iron Formations. Geology, 31(1): 35. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0035: UGSRTD>2.0.CO;2 doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0035:UGSRTD>2.0.CO;2

Handley, K. M., Turner, S. J., Campbell, K. A., et al., 2008. Silicifying Biofilm Exopolymers on a Hot-Spring Microstromatolite: Templating Nanometer-Thick Laminae. Astrobiology, 8(4): 747-770. https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2007.0172

Herdianita, N. R., Browne, P. R. L., Rodgers, K. A., et al., 2000. Mineralogical and Textural Changes Accompanying Ageing of Silica Sinter. Mineralium Deposita, 35(1): 48-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001260050005

Hofmann, H. J., Jackson, G. D., 1991. Shelf-Facies Microfossils from the Uluksan Group (Proterozoic Bylot Supergroup), Baffin Island, Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 65(3): 361-382. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022336000030353

Isson, T. T., Planavsky, N. J., Coogan, L. A., et al., 2020. Evolution of the Global Carbon Cycle and Climate Regulation on Earth. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 34(2): e2018GB006061. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gb006061

Jones, B., Renaut, R. W., 2007. Microstructural Changes Accompanying the Opal-A to Opal-CT Transition: New Evidence from the Siliceous Sinters of Geysir, Haukadalur, Iceland. Sedimentology, 54(4): 921-948. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2007.00866.x

Jurkowska, A., Świerczewska-Gładysz, E., 2020. New Model of Si Balance in the Late Cretaceous Epicontinental European Basin. Global and Planetary Change, 186: 103108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103108

Jurkowska, A., Świerczewska-Gładysz, E., 2024. The Evolution of the Marine Si Cycle in the Archean-Palaeozoic: An Overlooked Si Source? Earth-Science Reviews, 248: 104629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104629

Kastner, M., Siever, R., 1983. Siliceous Sediments of the Guaymas Basin: The Effect of High Thermal Gradients on Diagenesis. The Journal of Geology, 91(6): 629-641. https://doi.org/10.1086/628816

Kent, A. G., Baer, S. E., Mouginot, C., et al., 2019. Parallel Phylogeography of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus. The ISME Journal, 13: 430-441. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0287-6

Knauth, L. P., 1994. Petrogenesis of Chert. Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry, 29: 233-258. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501509698-012

Knoll, A. H., 1982. Microfossils from the Late Precambrian Draken Conglomerate, Ny Friesland, Svalbard. Journal of Paleontology, 56: 755-790.

Knoll, A. H., Nowak, M. A., 2017. The Timetable of Evolution. Science Advances, 3(5): e1603076. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1603076

Konhauser, K. O., Phoenix, V. R., Bottrell, S. H., et al., 2001. Microbial-Silica Interactions in Icelandic Hot Spring Sinter: Possible Analogues for Some Precambrian Siliceous Stromatolites. Sedimentology, 48(2): 415-433. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00372.x

Krause, J. W., Brzezinski, M. A., Baines, S. B., et al., 2017. Picoplankton Contribution to Biogenic Silica Stocks and Production Rates in the Sargasso Sea. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 31(5): 762-774. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GB005619

Kremer, B., 2020. Entrapment and Transformation of Post-Bloom Radiolarians in Cyanobacterial Mats as a Factor Enhancing the Formation of Black Cherts in the Early Silurian Sea. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 90(2): 151-164. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2020.7

Li, C. Q., Dong, L., Ma, H. R., et al., 2022b. Formation of the Massive Bedded Chert and Coupled Silicon and Iron Cycles during the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 594: 117721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117721

Li, J., Liu, P., Menguy, N., et al., 2022a. Intracellular Silicification by Early-Branching Magnetotactic Bacteria. Science Advances, 8(19): eabn6045. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abn6045

Maliva, R. G., Knoll, A. H., Simonson, B. M., 2005. Secular Change in the Precambrian Silica Cycle: Insights from Chert Petrology. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 117(7): 835. https://doi.org/10.1130/b25555.1

Manning-Berg, A. R., Kah, L. C., 2017. Proterozoic Microbial Mats and Their Constraints on Environments of Silicification. Geobiology, 15(4): 469-483. https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12238

Marron, A. O., Ratcliffe, S., Wheeler, G. L., et al., 2016. The Evolution of Silicon Transport in Eukaryotes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33(12): 3226-3248. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw209

Miao, L. Y., Moczydłowska, M., Zhu, S. X., et al., 2019. New Record of Organic-Walled, Morphologically Distinct Microfossils from the Late Paleoproterozoic Changcheng Group in the Yanshan Range, North China. Precambrian Research, 321: 172-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2018.11.019

Moore, K. R., Gong, J., Pajusalu, M., et al., 2021. A New Model for Silicification of Cyanobacteria in Proterozoic Tidal Flats. Geobiology, 19(5): 438-449. https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12447

Mortlock, R. A., Froelich, P. N., Feely, R. A., et al., 1993. Silica and Germanium in Pacific Ocean Hydrothermal Vents and Plumes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 119(3): 365-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(93)90144-X

Ohnemus, D. C., Krause, J. W., Brzezinski, M. A., et al., 2018. The Chemical Form of Silicon in Marine Synechococcus. Marine Chemistry, 206: 44-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2018.08.004

Perri, E., Tucker, M. E., Słowakiewicz, M., et al., 2018. Carbonate and Silicate Biomineralization in a Hypersaline Microbial Mat (Mesaieed Sabkha, Qatar): Roles of Bacteria, Extracellular Polymeric Substances and Viruses. Sedimentology, 65(4): 1213-1245. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12419

Planavsky, N. J., Rouxel, O. J., Bekker, A., et al., 2010. The Evolution of the Marine Phosphate Reservoir. Nature, 467: 1088-1090. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09485

Rodgers, K. A., Browne, P. R. L., Buddle, T. F., et al., 2004. Silica Phases in Sinters and Residues from Geothermal Fields of New Zealand. Earth-Science Reviews, 66(1-2): 1-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2003.10.001

Sánchez-Baracaldo, P., Bianchini, G., Wilson, J. D., et al., 2022. Cyanobacteria and Biogeochemical Cycles through Earth History. Trends in Microbiology, 30(2): 143-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2021.05.008

Shen, B., Ma, H. R., Ye, H. Q., et al., 2018. Hydrothermal Origin of Syndepositional Chert Bands and Nodules in the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation: Implications for the Evolution of Mesoproterozoic Cratonic Basin, North China. Precambrian Research, 310: 213-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2018.03.007

Shi, M., Feng, Q. L., Khan, M. Z., et al., 2017. An Eukaryote-Bearing Microbiota from the Early Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation, Tianjin, China and Its Significance. Precambrian Research, 303: 709-726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2017.09.013

Shi, Q., Shi, X. Y., Tang, D. J., et al., 2021. Heterogeneous Oxygenation Coupled with Low Phosphorus Bio-Availability Delayed Eukaryotic Diversification in Mesoproterozoic Oceans: Evidence from the Ca 1.46 Ga Hongshuizhuang Formation of North China. Precambrian Research, 354: 106050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.106050

Siever, R., 1992. The Silica Cycle in the Precambrian. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 56(8): 3265-3272. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(92)90303-Z

Stefurak, E. J. T., Lowe, D. R., Zentner, D., et al., 2015. Sedimentology and Geochemistry of Archean Silica Granules. Geological Society of America Bulletin, : B31181.1. https://doi.org/10.1130/b31181.1

Stolper, D. A., Love, G. D., Bates, S., et al., 2017. Paleoecology and Paleoceanography of the Athel Silicilyte, Ediacaran-Cambrian Boundary, Sultanate of Oman. Geobiology, 15(3): 401-426. https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12236

Su, W. B., Li, H. K., Huff, W. D., et al., 2010. SHRIMP U-Pb Dating for a K-Bentonite Bed in the Tieling Formation, North China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 55(29): 3312-3323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-010-4007-5

Tang, D. J., Shi, X. Y., Jiang, G. Q., et al., 2018. Stratiform Siderites from the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation in North China: Genesis and Environmental Implications. Gondwana Research, 58: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2018.01.013

Tang, D. J., Shi, X. Y., Shi, Q., et al., 2015. Organomineralization in Mesoproterozoic Giant Ooids. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 107: 195-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.04.034

Tang, T. T., Kisslinger, K., Lee, C., 2014. Silicate Deposition during Decomposition of Cyanobacteria may Promote Export of Picophytoplankton to the Deep Ocean. Nature Communications, 5: 4143. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5143

Tostevin, R., Snow, J. T., Zhang, Q., et al., 2021. The Influence of Elevated SiO₂ (Aq) on Intracellular Silica Uptake and Microbial Metabolism. Geobiology, 19(4): 421-433. https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12442

Tostevin, R., Wood, R. A., Shields, G. A., et al., 2016. Low-Oxygen Waters Limited Habitable Space for Early Animals. Nature Communications, 7: 12818. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12818

Tréguer, P. J., Sutton, J. N., Brzezinski, M., et al., 2021. Reviews and Syntheses: The Biogeochemical Cycle of Silicon in the Modern Ocean. Biogeosciences, 18(4): 1269-1289. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1269-2021

Tribovillard, N., Algeo, T. J., Baudin, F., et al., 2012. Analysis of Marine Environmental Conditions Based Onmolybdenum-Uranium Covariation—Applications to Mesozoic Paleoceanography. Chemical Geology, 324: 46-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.09.009

Trower, E. J., Strauss, J. V., Sperling, E. A., et al., 2021. Isotopic Analyses of Ordovician-Silurian Siliceous Skeletons Indicate Silica-Depleted Paleozoic Oceans. Geobiology, 19(5): 460-472. https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12449

Wallace, M. W., Hood, A. V., Shuster, A., et al., 2017. Oxygenation History of the Neoproterozoic to Early Phanerozoic and the Rise of Land Plants. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 466: 12-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.02.046

Webb, G. E., Kamber, B. S., 2000. Rare Earth Elements in Holocene Reefal Microbialites: A New Shallow Seawater Proxy. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64(9): 1557-1565. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00400-7

Wen, H. J., Fan, H. F., Tian, S. H., et al., 2016. The Formation Conditions of the Early Ediacaran Cherts, South China. Chemical Geology, 430: 45-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.03.005

Wheat, C. G., McManus, J., 2005. The Potential Role of Ridge-Flank Hydrothermal Systems on Oceanic Germanium and Silicon Balances. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 69(8): 2021-2029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.046

Wignall, P. B., Twitchett, R. J., 1996. Oceanic Anoxia and the End Permian Mass Extinction. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 272(5265): 1155-1158. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.272.5265.1155

Williams, L. A., Pasts, G. A., Crerrar, D. A., 1985. Silica Diagenesis, Ⅰ. Solubility Controls. SEPM Journal of Sedimentary Research, Vol. 55: 301-311. https://doi.org/10.1306/212f86ac-2b24-11d7-8648000102c1865d

Xing, C. C., Liu, P. J., Wang, R. M., et al., 2022. Tracing the Evolution of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) Pool in the Ediacaran Ocean by Germanium/Silica (Ge/Si) Ratios of Diagenetic Chert Nodules from the Doushantuo Formation, South China. Precambrian Research, 374: 106639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2022.106639

Ye, Y., Frings, P. J., von Blanckenburg, F., et al., 2021. Silicon Isotopes Reveal a Decline in Oceanic Dissolved Silicon Driven by Biosilicification: A Prerequisite for the Cambrian Explosion? Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 566: 116959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.116959

Yuan, Y. L., Shi, X. Y., Tang, D. J., et al., 2022. Microfabrics and Organominerals as Indicator of Microbial Dolomite in Deep Time: An Example from the Mesoproterozoic of North China. Precambrian Research, 382: 106881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2022.106881

Zhang, S. H., Zhao, Y., Li, X. H., et al., 2017. The 1.33-1.30 Ga Yanliao Large Igneous Province in the North China Craton: Implications for Reconstruction of the Nuna (Columbia) Supercontinent, and Specifically with the North Australian Craton. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 465: 112-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.02.034

Zheng, X. Y., Beard, B. L., Reddy, T. R., et al., 2016. Abiologic Silicon Isotope Fractionation between Aqueous Si and Fe(Ⅲ)-Si Gel in Simulated Archean Seawater: Implications for Si Isotope Records in Precambrian Sedimentary Rocks. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 187: 102-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.012

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views